考英语b级的技巧(2)

考英语b级的技巧

　　考英语b级的技巧：词汇与结构技巧

　　在此主要介绍网络教育与现代远程教育考试有可能出现的语法测试重点。

　　1.倒装句

　　①. 以only 和not only, but also 开头的句子。

　　例：Only in this way can we learn English well. (注意：can we learn是个部分倒装形式)。 例：Not only did they take the desks away, but they took the chairs away. (注意but后的正常语序)

　　② 以否定词no, not, never, hardly, seldom, 开头的句子。

　　例：Nowhere else can you find such good quality furniture.

　　例：Never before have I ever been so happy.

　　例：So little ____ about stock exchange that the lecture was completely beyond me.

　　A.did I know B. I had known C. I knew D. was I known

　　2.强调句

　　例：It is because she is very devoted to her student ________ she is respected by them.

　　A.that B. which C. what D. who

　　It is something (that) 而不是(which)

　　It is Mr. Li (who) „

　　3.定语从句

　　例：The company official ____ I thought would be fired received a raise.

　　A. whom B. whoever C.who D. of whom

　　例： ____ was pointed above, this substance can be used as a substitute.

　　A. It B. That C. What D.As

　　4.名词从句

　　名词从句的引导词是“what” ，从句中的语序有变化，不同于正常语序。“what”代替了句中某个“事或物”，而这个“事或物”(名词)则被省略。(we once considered “something” as impossible) has now become a reality = (What we once considered as impossible) (从句作主语)has now become reality.

　　例： ________ was not the way the event happened.

　　A. Which the press reported B. That the press reported

　　C. What did the press report D.What the press reported

　　例： Air, or ____ is called atmosphere, surrounds the whole earth.

　　A. it B. that C. which D.what

　　What引导的从句可作主语，which引导的从句只能修饰名词，作定语，而且放在被修饰词的后面。

　　5.情态动词 推测句

　　must be / must be doing / must have done 表示的是一种推测性的句子。

　　must be 一定是， must be doing 一定在做什么 must have done 一定做过什么。 Who’s there? It must be Tom. 谁在那儿?一定是汤姆。

　　The ground is wet. It must have rained last night.

　　would + have done 表示本可以做而未做的意思。

　　I would have joined you if I had time. 如果我有时间，我就会跟你们一起去了。

　　6.虚拟语气

　　非真实条件句(虚拟语气)，还有其他虚拟语气的句子。是必考的项目。

　　例：I'd _______ you didn't touch that, if you don't mind.

　　A.rather B. better C. happier D. further

　　I'd = I would ，这是虚拟语气的一个重要符号。

　　如：I would rather somebody did.

　　例： The doctor advised that Mr. Malan ____ an operation right away so as to save his life.

　　A. had B. would have C.have D. was going to have

　　又如：It is time we went. It is (about / high) time somebody did.

　　该干什么了。

　　例：He talks as if he ________everything in the world.

　　A. knows B.knew C. had known D. would have known

　　例：I wish you ________ to me before you went and bought that car.

　　A. spoke B. will speak C. was going to speak D.had spoken

　　例：The driver might have ______the accident if he had had his headlights on.

　　A. missed B.avoided C. stopped D. dismissed

　　7.分词

　　_______ tired after a hard work ,she fell into bed and went straight to sleep.

　　A. Felt B.Feeling C. Being felt D. To feel

　　8.独立主格 当伴随的情况中的主语与主句中的主语不一致时，伴随情况从句要：

　　①带有逻辑上的主语，②逻辑主语的谓语部分不同于一般的动词，而使用分词(-ing 或-ed)。③不要连词。

　　比较： Because my mother is sick, I cannot attend the conference.

　　My mother being sick, I cannot attend the conference.

　　Because my arm was injured, I cannot attend the conference.

　　My arm injured, I cannot attend the conference.

　　______, we decided to leave at once, as we didn't want to risk missing the bus.

　　A. As it being pretty late B.It being pretty late

　　C. It was being pretty late D. Being pretty late

　　(时间已晚)，我们决定立即动身，因为我们不想错过这班公交车。

　　题中原句的意思是： it is pretty late, „„用来说明我们为什么要立即动身的理

　　由，有三种办法表达这种意思：

　　① 用原因状语从句 Since it is pretty late, we decided to „

　　② 分两句讲：It is pretty late. We decided to „

　　③ 用独立主格：It (指时间) being pretty late, we decided to „

　　9. 带介词的定语从句关联词

　　例：Before her marriage, she spent a considerable time in that very part of Shanghai,

　　________ she belonged.

　　A. which B. to where C.to which D. at which

　　例：The investigation, ________ will soon be published, was made by john.

　　A. at which the results B. the results on which

　　C.whose results D. at whose results

　　10.主谓一致

　　所谓主谓一致是指谓语动词要与主语相一致。这句要求的是动词的单/复数要与主语匹配。如下面几种情况：

　　① 用and 连词是复数： Mary and Larry are „

　　② 用or, either „ or„, neither „ nor „时，随or/nor后面的词而定。这被称作就近原则。Neither he nor we are „

　　出现together with 和as well as 的短语时，不要管它,要以主语而定。 Xiao Li, together with his friends, is going to the movie. Lao Li, as well as all the other people, is going to „。

　　11.将来完成时

　　时间信号是by + 将来的时间, 主句中用将来完成时或完成进行时。

　　By the time you finish your college studies I will have got married.

　　By the year 2009 China will have hosted the Olympic Games.

　　过去完成时： 时间信号是by + 过去时间，主句中用过去完成时或过去完成进行时。 By the time when we got there, everything had been sold out.

　　By the end of 1989 I had finished my studies in college.

　　By next year he __________ in New York for five years.

　　A. has worked B. has been working

　　C. works D. will have worked

　　(到明年)，他就(将)在纽约(住满了)五年了。

　　以介词by引导的时间，往往用完成时。by 2008, by the end of next year, by then, by the end of 1992等等。