英语常见副词用法详解(4)

英语常见副词用法详解

　　NEW(LY)：It is a new-built hotel.A new-made dress was on display.A new-coined word is sometimes very attractive.

　　It is a newly built hotel.They are a newly married couple.

　　PLAIN(LY)：Write plain and speak plain.

　　I told him plainly.

　　QUICK(LY)：He got rich quick.He ran( or went，walked)quick(ly).

　　He quickly ran to the opposite side.

　　可和SLOW(LY)比较。

　　RIGHT(LY)：Please turn right.He judged(or guessed，remembered) right.No matter whether you act right or wrong，you will suffer.

　　He is rightly accused.You rightly suppose that.I cannot rightly recollect.

　　可和WRONG(LY)比较。

　　SLOW(LY)：Go slow(=Work slowly，Be less active).How slow(ly) they did it!We drive slow(ly).

　　Let us drive slowly.We slowly spoke to that deaf boy.

　　可和QUICK(LY)比较。

　　SOUND(LY)：He slept sound(ly).

　　STRONG(LY)：He is going strong(=continues to be vigourous).

　　He(or That)is coming( or going)it rather( or too)strong(=makes an extravagant proposal or claim).

　　He strongly supports our plan.He smelled strongly of alcohol.

　　SURE(LY)：Sure enough， he will do what he's promised.

　　He will surely come.(但 surely为一个肯定副词)

　　THICK(LY)：Snow fell thick. The blows came thick and fast.

　　The hill is thickly wooded.

　　TIGHT(LY)：He held(or clasped，hug，shut) it tight(or tightly).

　　可和LOOSE(LY)比较。

　　TRUE(or TRULY)：He aimed true(= aimed correctly).

　　He told me true(= told me the truth).This animal will breed true(=breed in accordance with the parental type).He spoke truly.

　　可和FALSE(LY)比较。

　　WRONG(LY)：He aimed(or heard，spelled the word，told me)wrong.He got it wrong(= miscalculated). It worked out wrong.Something has gone wrong.

　　They are wrongly accused(or informed，directed).

　　可和RIGHT(LY)比较。

　　b)带-ly词尾的副词和不带-ly词尾的副词可有不同的意思

　　1661 有些副词，两种形式的意思互不相同：

　　DIRECT(LY)：Speak to him direct(=not in a round-about way).I went to Hong Kong direct.I sent it direct to him.I got it from him direct.(亦可用 directly)

　　Come here directly(= at once). I will be back directly (= very soon).My family is directly affected.There has been a directly opposed tendency.

　　EASY(EASILY)：Take things easy(= Be in no hurry).Go easy.Easy come，easy go.I can do it easily(= with no difficulty).The machine runs easily(= smoothly).

　　FIT(LY)：She laughed fit(= till she was ready) to die.

　　She can sing sorrowful songs fit to make you cry.

　　The matter has not been fitly handled.

　　FLAT(LY)：The play fell flat(=produced no response).

　　He lay flat on his face.She sang flat(= sang below the true pitch).He denied it flatly (=down right).

　　FREE(LY)：I got it free(of charge).I was admitted free.

　　You can criticize anybody freely.

　　HARD(LY)：He works hard(= strenuously). He drinks hard(=excessively).It rained hard.He hardly(=scarcely) knows it.

　　LATE(LY)：He arrived late(= beyond the right time).He goes to bed late.He was ill lately(=recently).

　　LOUD(LY)：Don't talk(or laugh) so loud.

　　He boasted( or praised her) loudly(引伸用法).She is very loudly dressed.

　　MOST(LY)：Mary is the most(= in the greatest degree)beautiful.I love Mary most.They are mostly(=chiefly)nice people，though not all of them are.

　　NEAR(LY)：He came near(= approaching something).

　　He nearly(=almost) died.It is nearly finished.

　　PREVIOUS(LY)：It happened previous to(= before) his ar-rival.

　　He has said it previously.

　　ROUND(LY)：We turned(or looked)round.

　　I told him roundly(=flatly).

　　SHARP(LY)：Look sharp(=Be alert).My car turned sharp.

　　He answered me sharply(= seriously).

　　SHORT(LY)：He stopped short(=suddenly stopped).Weran(or went)short of(= lacked) capital.The result came short of(= failed to meet)the requirements.

　　I'll be back shortly(=soon).He answered me shortly(=briefly).

　　SHY(LY)：I fought shy of(= kept away from) her.

　　She shyly(=bashfully) mentioned her lover.

　　SOUND(LY)：He is sound(= thoroughly)asleep.

　　He slept soundly.He is soundly beaten.

　　WIDE(LY)：He spoke wide of the mark(= incorrectly).

　　The islands are widely scattered.He travelled widely.

　　They differ widely.

　　c)带-ly词尾的副词表示方式，不带-ly的副词表示程度

　　1662 另一些带副词，不带-ly的形式，用来表示程度，修饰形容词、副词、连词、介词或后面的动词;而另一种形式表示方式，修饰它前面或后面的动词：

　　CLEAN(LY)：All he has is clean(= completely) gone. I have clean forgot it.He is cleanly dressed.

　　CLEAR(LY)：The bullet went clear(= entirely)through his leg. The robbers have escaped clear away.

　　He speaks clearly.

　　CLOSE(LY)：He followed close(= a short distance)behind me.She brought him close to ruin.A church is close by.

　　He watched her closely(=strictly).Guard him closely.

　　DEAD(LY)：It is dead(= completely) straight.He is dead drunk(or tired，certain，slow，against me).

　　He is deadly(= dangerously) wounded.She is deadly pale.

　　DEEP(LY)：He studies deep(= far)into the night.

　　I regret it deeply(= bitterly).

　　JOLLY(or JOLLILY)：He knows you jolly(= very) well.

　　He laughed jollily.

　　JUST(LY)：He left just now.Just read this.

　　He is justly(= rightly) punished.He justly criticized this policy.

　　MOST(LY)：She loves her mother most of all.

　　They mostly(=chiefly) come from the north.

　　PRETTY( or PRETTILY)：It is pretty(= moderately)good.

　　She is prettily dressed.

　　RIGHT(LY)：He dashed right(=all the way)to the end of the street.They turned right round.He has read right(=completely)through the book.He stood right(=exactly)in the middle.

　　I understand her rightly(= correctly).If I heard you rightly，I don't have to pay him.If I remember rightly，they got married in 1985.

　　WIDE(LY)：The gate is wide open.These two parties are wide apart in their views.He is wide awake.

　　He travelled widely.

　　图解：

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　　d.程度副词(短语)

　　1663 下面例句中的副词(短语)表示不同的程度。程度副词(短语)用来修饰形容词的最多，但也常用来修饰动词：

　　接近零程度— He can not see.He hardly(or scarcely)knows it. I little expect it.He is by no(manner of)means respected by his friends.You should on no account trust this man.I'll not for the world(or for anything)(=never) speak against anyone.I don't care a fig(or a jot，a bean，a bit， a rap，a damn，a pin)(= do not feel sorry)for his criticism.He is not a bit(or a jot，a whit，a hair，a tit，a rush，a button)injured.I cannot in any way tell you all the truth.He is not in the least(or not at all)happy.I simply(or just)can't help.“Will he give up?” “—The devil(or The heck，The deuce)he will”(=He won't).“Is he honest?”“Like hell(or Like fun)he is (= He never is)”.“ He is so kind.”—“ Kind my foot( or my eye)!”(= Very unkind)

　　较小程度—He writes a little.I was somewhat(or slightly，a bit)disappointed.It helps some(=a little).

　　某种程度— This matter depends more or less(or in a way，to a certain degree) on your decision. It sort of(or kind of)(= somehow)amazes me.It is partly broken.I half believe in ghosts.

　　较大程度— He is deeply(or greatly，highly，not a little，very much，more than) impressed.The villagers were mainly killed by the war.Success depends considerably(or in a great degree，to a great extent)on your patience.

　　I need it badly(or sorely).It helps a lot(or a great deal).The car runs nice and(= very)fast.He works good and(=very) hard.

　　极大程度— The town is entirely(or totally，completely，utterly) destroyed.He fully(or thoroughly，quite)understands her.I fairly(or clean) forget about it.

　　Her heart is broken through and through.You can omit it altogether.

　　渐渐— The people speak less and less but think more and more. I moved gradually(or bit by bit， step by step，little by little)toward my object.

　　仅仅— He only(or merely) reads，but never writes.

　　I just(or simply) asked her about her cat.It is sold exclusively(or solely) at this firm.

　　足够— Has the fish been cooked enough?

　　Could money be sufficiently earned?

　　几乎— He nearly lost his job.He almost forgets his own face. He all but died.

　　过份— He drinks to excess.He worried himself too much.

　　Don't believe excessively in fate.

　　图解：

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　　e.肯定副词(短语)

　　1664 肯定或不肯定副词(短语)常常用来修饰整个句子，或用在简短回答中。

　　肯定副词(短语)：

　　Surely(or Sure) he knows it!Surely he knows it?

　　Really(or Truly)he knows it.

　　Undeniably(or Doubtlessly) Rex has been a drug pedlar many years.

　　Clearly(or Obviously)，Harold was killed by his only opponent.

　　“Do you want your children to obey your order?”“Definitely.”

　　You should by all means(= certainly) follow the rules.

　　“May I go now?”“By all means(= Certainly).”

　　True(or Indeed) she loves him，but she keeps silent.

　　Sure enough(or To be sure，No doubt.Without doubt.Undoubtedly，Of course，Naturally)he knows it.

　　In fact(or In point of fact.As a matter of fact.As it is，As the matter is，In truth，In reality)(=not in name，word，appearance，or imagination)，he is a big shot，a demagogue，not only in name.

　　I can't tell you for sure(or for certain).

　　He has become an alcoholic，all right(or and no mistake).

　　不肯定副词(短语)：

　　“Can he possibly know it?”“He may possibly know it.”

　　Perhaps(or Probably，Maybe) he is not happy.

　　Did you，perhaps，see John?

　　He generally，but not necessarily，comes at eight.

　　I dare say(or Presumably)，he won't agree with you.

　　In all likelihood(or As likely as not)(= most probably)，he will lose all his fortune.