北师大版高二英语选修8Unit 23期末检测试题(2)
20.A.sent B.offered
C.seized D.left
提示:根据下文得知,And y接受了帮助。由此得出Marianne是主动提出为Andy提供住处。offer“提供”;send“发送”;seize“夺取;占据”;leave“留下”。
答案:B
21.A.why B.how
C.where D.when
提示:由上文得知,没人理解为何Marianne接纳一个问题少年。why“为什么”;how“如何”;where“哪里”;when“什么时候”。
答案:A
22.A.pleasure B.surprise
C.joke D.nightmare
提示:Andy是个问题少年,前面说他上课睡觉,所以下文肯定也是不好的表现,不睡觉就捣乱。nightmare“噩梦”;pleasure“快乐”;surprise“惊奇”;joke“玩笑”。
答案:D
23.A.must B.could
C.would D.should
提示:Marianne的儿子Jake承认Andy有时会成为他的一个威胁。could此处的意思是“有时会,可能会”。must“必须”;would“愿意”;should“应该”。
答案:B
24.A.make B.predict
C.design D .face
提示:Jake一想到Andy还要面对的未来,认为他妈妈做的是对的,不能把他打发走。face“面对”;make“做,制作”;predict“预计,预料”;design“设计,计划”。
答案:D
25.A.ordinary B.normal
C.easy D.difficult
提示:Andy进入Marianne的家就像到了一个陌生的国家。由此得知,住在Marianne家对Andy来说并不容易。easy“容易的”;ordinary“普通的”;normal“正常的”;difficult“困难的”。
答案:C
26.A.ever B.yet
C.even D.never
提示:Andy过去已经习惯了自己弄糟事情后被责骂。ever此处的意思是“曾经”。yet“已经”,常用于否定句;even“甚至”;never“从来不”。
答案:A
27.A.Instead B.Though
C.Fortunately D.Therefore
提示:以前做错事会挨骂,而Marianne却平静地问他为什么这样做。上下句存在转折关系。instead“反而”;though“尽管”;fortunately“幸运的是”;therefore“因此”。
答案:A
28.A.introduction B.explanation
C.remark D.background
提示:根据上文,Marianne平静地问他为什么这样做,下文应该是听他的解释。ex planation“解释”;introduction“介绍;引言”;remark“评论”;background“背景;经历”。
答案:B
29.A.defeat B.union
C.fight D.connection
提示:上文提到Andy因为打架被赶回家,所以这里说,在剩下的高中日子里,他再也没有打架。fight“打架”;defeat“战败;失败”;union“联盟;工会”;connection“关系;联系”。
答案:C
30.A.discovered B.combined
C.escaped D.graduated
提示:由下文的on time from high school得出,此处应该是“毕业”。graduate“毕业”;discover“发现;找到”;combine“结合”;escape“逃脱”。
答案:D
31.A.unlikely B.usually
C.probably D.entirely
提示:Andy觉得要不是跟Marianne一家在一起,他可能就辍学了。此处用了虚拟语气,表示一种假设。probably“很可能”;unlikely“不大可能”;usually“通常”;entirely“彻底地”。
答案:C
32.A.son B.partner
C.daughter D.enemy
提示:Marianne家有两个儿子,因此Andy就成了她家的第三个儿子。son“儿子”;partner“搭档;伙伴”;daughter“女儿”;enemy“敌人”。
答案:A
33.A.respect B.experience
C.problem D.contact
提示:自从Andy搬出来之后,再也没跟他原来的母亲和继父有什么接触和联系。have no contact with“与……没有联系”。respect“尊敬”;experience“经历;阅历”;problem“问题”。
答案:D
34.A.stay B.live
C.wander D.hide
提示:Andy的父母仍然住在原来的街区。live表示“长期居住、生活”。stay表示短暂的“逗留”;wander“徘徊”;hide“躲藏”。
答案:B
35.A.knows B.puzzles
C.determines D.hesitates
提示:Andy已经把Marianne的家当成自己的家了,所以,当休假回家的时候,知道该向哪里走。know“知道”;puzzle“迷惑”;determine“决定”;hesitate“犹豫”。
答案:A
Ⅲ.阅读理解(共10小题;每题2分,共20分)
A
(2012浙江,C)
Two friends have an argument that breaks up their friendship forever,even though neither one can remember how the whole thing got started.Such sad events happen over and over in high schools across the country.In fact,according to an official report on youth violence,“In our country today,the greatest threat to the lives of children and adolescents is not disease or starvation or abandonment,but the terrible reality of violence”.Given that this is the case,why aren’t students taught to manage conflict the way they are taught to solve math problems,drive cars,or stay physically fit?
First of all,students need to realize that conflict is unavoidable.A report on violence among middle school and high school students indicates that most violent incidents between students begin with a relatively minor insult(侮辱).For example,a fight could start over the fact that one student eats a peanut butter sandwich each lunchtime.Laughter over the sandwich can lead to insults,which in turn can lead to violence.The problem isn’t in the sandwich,but in the way students deal with the conflict.
Once students recognize that conflict is unavoidable,they can practice the golden rule of conflict resolution(解决):stay calm.Once the student feels calmer,he or she should choose words that will calm the other person down as well.Rude words,name-calling,and accusations only add fuel to the emotional fire.On the other hand,soft words spoken at a normal sound level can put out the fire before it explodes out of control.
After both sides have calmed down,they can use another key strategy(策略) for conflict resolution:listening.Listening allows the two sides to understand each other.One person should describe his or her side,and the other person should listen without interrupting.Afterward,the listener can ask non-threatening questions to clarify the speaker’s position.Then the two people should change roles.
Finally,students need to consider what they are hearing.This doesn’t mean trying to figure out what’s wrong with the other person.It means understanding what the real issue is and what both sides are trying to accomplish.For example,a shouting match over a peanut butter sandwich might happen because one person thinks the other person is unwilling to try new things.Students need to ask themselves questions such as these:How did this start?What do I really want?What am I afraid of?As the issue becomes clearer,the conflict often simply becomes smaller.Even if it doesn’t,careful thought helps both sides figure out a mutual solution.
There will always be conflict in schools,but that doesn’t mean there needs to be violence.After students in Atlanta started a conflict resolution program,according to Educators for Social Responsibility,“64 percent of the teachers reported less physical violence in the classroom;75 percent of the teachers reported an increase in student cooperation;and 92 percent of the students felt better about themselves”.Learning to resolve conflicts can help students deal with friends,teachers,parents,bosses,and coworkers.In that way,conflict resolution is a basic life skill that should be taught in schools across the country.
36.This article is mainly about .
A.the lives of school children
B.the cause of arguments in schools
C.how to analyze youth violence
D.how to deal with school conflicts
提示:主旨大意题。通读全文内容可知,文章主要论述的是如何解决校园里发生的矛盾和冲突的问题。
答案:D
37.From Paragraph 2 we can learn that .
A.violence is more likely to occur at lunchtime
B.a small conflict can lead to violence
C.students tend to lose their temper easily
D.the eating habit of a student is often the cause of a fight
提示:细节理解题。根据第二段第二句以及该段所举的例子可知,很小的一件冲突可能会演变成一次暴力事件。
答案:B
38.Why do students need to ask themselves the questions stated in Paragraph 5?
A.To find out who is to blame.
B.To get ready to try new things.
C.To make clear what the real issue is.
D.To figure out how to stop the shouting match.
提示:细节理解题。根据第五段第三句和该段倒数第二句可知,学生们问完自己这几个问题,可能就会搞清楚真正的问题是什么。
答案:C
39.After the conflict resolution program was started in Atlanta,it was found that .
A.there was a decrease in classroom violence
B.there was less student cooperation in the cl assroom
C.mor e teachers felt better about themselves in schools
D.the teacher-student relationship greatly improved
提示:细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句可知,自从实施了矛盾冲突的解决方案以后,亚特兰大的校园暴力事件呈现下降的趋势。
答案:A
40.The writer’s purpose for writing this article is to .
A.complain about problems in school education
B.teach students different strategies for school life
C.advocate teaching conflict management in schools
D.inform teachers of the latest studies on school violence
提示:推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可以推断,作者写这篇文章的目的是为了倡导人们教给学生如何处理学校冲突问题。
答案:C
B
Americans often say that there are only two things a person can be sure of:death and taxes.Many people feel that the United States has the worst taxes in the world.
Taxes are the money that people pay to support their government.There are generally three levels of government in the United States:federal,state,and city;therefore,there are three types of taxes.
Salaried people who can earn more than four to five thousand dollars per year must pay a certain part.It depends on their salaries.The federal government has a two-level income tax:that is,15 or 28 percent. 850 is the cut off.The tax rate is 15 percent below 850 and 28 percent above.
The second tax is for the state government:New York,California,or any of the other forty-eight states.Some states have an income tax similar to that of the federal government.Of course,the percentage for the state tax is lower.Other states have a sales tax,which is a percentage charged to any item which people buy in the state.Some states use income tax and sales tax to raise their revenues(=annual income).
The third tax is for the city.This tax comes in two forms:property tax(people who own a home have to pay taxes on it) and excise tax(物品税),which is collected on vehicles in a city.The cities use this money for education,police,public works,etc.
Since Americans pay such high taxes,they often feel that they are working one day each week just to pay their taxes.People always complain about taxes.They often say that the government misuses their tax dollars.They all believe that taxes are too high in this country.
41.In the United States,taxes are collected to provide revenues for .
A.the federal government
B.the state government
C.the city government
D.the three levels of government
提示:细节理解题。文章第二段指出,美国税收分为联邦政府、州政府和市政府三个层次,所以税收所得用于提高三个政府的收入。
答案:D
42.How much money does an American earning 000 per year pay to the federal government as income tax according to the passage?
A.28% of his income.
B.15% of his income.
C. 870.
D.00.
提示:细节理解题。第三段中“...that is,15 or 28 percent. 850 is the cut off.The tax rate is 15 percent below 850 and 28 percent above.”可知, 000已经超出了 850,所以他所收入的28%应该作为个人所得税。
答案:A
43.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A.Different levels of the governments have different types of taxes in the United States.
B.All the states have a sales tax which is used to support poor people.
C.The tax of the states is similar to that of the federal government.
D.All the states use both taxes to raise their income every year to build schools.
提示:细节理解题。根据文章内容可知,联邦政府要收所得税,州政府要收销售税而市政府要收财产税,即不同层次的政府有不同的税收要求,所以A项正确。
答案:A
44.What tax does an American have to pay to the city if he owns a car?
A.Property tax.
B.Excise tax.
C.Income tax.
D.Sales tax.
提示:细节理解题。第五段“property tax(people who own a home have to pay taxes on it and excise tax(物品税),which is collected on vehicles in a city”可知,一个人要是拥有汽车应该向市政府缴纳财产税。
答案:B
45.After reading the passage,we might feel that Americans seem to be .
A.satisfied with their taxes
B.proud of their taxes
C.unhappy about their taxes
D.very angry at their taxes
提示:推理判断题。根据第六段“People always complain about taxes”可以推断出美国人民对于他们的税收政策不满意。
答案:C
Ⅳ.任务型读写(共10小题;每题1分,共10分)
Greeting other people is the first and most important social event in our lives.Parents greet their children as soon as they are born,and it’s not long before babies know who is who among the people in their everyday lives.
After only a few months,babies work out systems of greeting for meeting people they know and those who are unfamiliar.Have you ever seen a four-month old baby staring at you?Have you smiled and said “hello” to the baby?Then have wat ched the baby’s little frown as it realises that it does not know you?Either the baby will begin to make strange noises and cling to its caregiver,or it will jerk its head in such a way that its whole body moves,and smile at you.
The baby has learned to greet people and to respond to greetings at an very early age.What it has learned is the most important aspect of a greeting:the facial and body gestures that accompany the smile.These are signals that indicate friendliness.
Secondly,there is the intonation(语调)in the voice.Greeti ngs are said warmly,with an expression anywhere between bright quickness and easy-going friendliness.
The third aspect concerns the words chosen.Together,the words,the intonation,and facial expression signal a greeting.These indicators are the same all over the world.
There may be a little difference in the words used,but “Good day”,“ Bonggiorno”,“Nihao”,“Bonjour”,and “Guten Morgen” all contain the meaning of “good”.The common greeting from other languages is translated into English as “Good day” or “Hello”.“Konnichi-wa” means “good day.”
There are thousands of languages and cultures around the world,but though the words are different,they mean the same.And they are accompanied with friendly gestures,with smiles and with pleasant vocal intonations.You learned all of these skills and naturally in the first months and years of your life.
So please greet other people with a smile,warm voice and kind words.Please greet other people whenever you can and wherever you are.
Title Greetings
Theme We greet to show 46. .
Introduction Greeting 47. is our first and most important social event.
Three 48. of a greeting 1.The 49. on your face,which says that you are happy and friendly.
2.The intonation in the voice,which is 50. and pleasant.
3.The 51. of words,which usually contains the meaning of “good”.
52. in languages other than English “Bonggiorno”,“Nihao”,“Bonjour”,“Guten Morgen” and “Konnichi-wa” are 53. different languages,but of the same 54. .
S uggestions Please greet others warmly and pleasantly.
Please greet others whenever 55. and wherever you are.
答案:46.friendliness 47.others 48.aspects 49.smile 50.warm 51.choice 52.Greetings 53.from 54.meaning
55.possible
Ⅴ.书面表达(25分)
假设你是郑州市的一名中学生李华,现在请你用英语给市长写一封信,反映你校学生面临的交通安全问题。要点如下:
(1)学校临近主要街道中原路,很多学生必须横过马路才能进入学校大门;
(2)在交通高峰时期,车辆很多,学生不得不在车流中穿行;
(3)许多家长不得不接送孩子以确保安全,这使得交通更加拥挤不堪;
(4)建议政府修一座天桥或拓宽中原路,以防事故发生。
注意:(1)用书信形式,短文内容要连贯、完整;
(2)词数:120左右;
(3)参考词汇:天桥overpass 穿行thread one’s way
参考范文:
Dear Mayor,
I am a middle-school student.I’m writing to tell you about the traffic problem facing us.
Our school is located near the main street—Zhongyuan Road,and many students have to cross the street before entering the schoolyard.During the rush hour we have to thread our way be tween the moving cars and buses,which is very dangerous.In order to make sure of the safety,many parents have to send and pick up their children to and from school every day.As a result,the street near our school is always blocked with walking people and passing cars.
I think the government should take some measures to solve this problem.In my opinion,an overpass should be built or Zhongyuan Road should be widened to prevent accidents from happening.
I am looking forward to your reply.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
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