中考英语语法复习(3)

　　中考英语语法复习：动词

　　我们步步深入,开始接触到整个句子的heart--动词了。掌握了动词，你学起英语来就会感到驾轻就熟了。告诉你，一定要记牢动词的现在分词，过去式，过去分词，如果在这些小地方丢分，那才讨厌呢。比如：catch 的过去式和过去分词(caught，caught) 你可能就不知道吧?痛下决心，好好记一记吧。下面呢，我们就各个击破。先讲系动词。

　　系动词：大概是最简单的动词了。你只需注意的是系动词除了be的形式之外，还有become，get，grow，turn，sound，look，smell，taste等，它们不能单独作谓语,必须和作表语的词语(如形容词, 名词等) 连用, 所以用的时候，可要小心为是呀!如：It smells delicious.(它闻起来味道很美)。delicious 是形容词，不是副词。

　　情态动词：首先要记住情态动词后必跟动词原形。must和need几乎是每年的必考题，这里我们重点讲一下。

　　must的意思是"应当，必须"，侧重于说话者的主观看法，没有时态变化，其否定式是mustn't，在"Must I(we) ...."的疑问句中，须注意的是其否定回答常用needn't。如：Must I go?(我一定要走吗?)　No,you needn't.(不，不必。)

　　need意为"需要"。既可作实义动词，又可作情态动词，因此在用法上需要注意。作实义动词时，need后跟名词，动名词，或不定式。如：I need to go. (我得走了。) 作情态动词时，后跟动词原形。如：You needn't come tomorrow if you are busy. (如果你忙，明天就不必来了。)

　　实意动词： 实意动词可谓家族兴旺，人员众多。我们跑(run)，我们跳(jump)，我们笑(laugh)，这些都得用实意动词来表达。我们一起来看一看一些特殊的词吧。它们在接动名词和不定式时意义有所不同。

　　stop：这个词让好多同学大伤了一番脑筋，到底什么时候加to do，什么时候加

　　doing 呢?两者意义又有什么不同呢?OK, Come with me. 看下面两个句子。

　　When the teacher came in, they stopped to read.

　　When the teacher came in, they stopped talking.

　　第一句的意思是"当老师进来时，他们停下来开始读书"。而第二句的意思是 "老师进来时，他们停止了说话"。所以stop to do sth表示"停止正在做的事情去干另一件事"。而stop doing表示"中断正在做的某事"。现在明白了吗?

　　forget，remember，regret 这三个词用法基本相同，只要记住+doing 表示"事情已经做过"，+to do表示"事情还未做"就可以了。forget to do 忘记要去做某事。(未做)　forget doing 忘记做过某事。(已做) 如：The light is still on. He forgot to turn it off. 灯还在亮着，他忘记关了。 ( 没有做关灯的动作)　　　He forgot turning the light off. 他忘记他已经关了灯了。( 已做过关灯的动作)

　　感官动词：see,watch, notice,look at,hear,listen to,smell,taste,feel 等 +do 表示动作的完整性，真实性 +doing 表示动作的连续性，进行性。如：I saw him work in the garden yesterday. 昨天我看见他在花园里干活了。(强调"我看见了"这个事实) I saw him working in the garden yesterday.(强调"我见他正干活"这个动作)昨天我见他正在花园里干活。

　　又到了我们趁热打铁的时间了，好学的你准备好了吗?

　　练习：

　　1. Wang Lin _______some help. Can you help him?

　　A. needs

　　B. want

　　C. need to

　　D. ask

　　2. All of us enjoy _______football very much.

　　A. play

　　B. playing

　　C. played

　　D. to play

　　3. ---- The light in the classroom is still on.

　　---- Oh，I forgot___.

　　A. turning it off

　　B. turn it off

　　C. to turn it off

　　D. having turned it off

　　4. I regret ___ the window.

　　A. to do

　　B. to be doing

　　C. to have done

　　D. having broken

　　5. His grandparents saw her ___ up from childhood.

　　A. grow

　　B. grew

　　C. was growing

　　D. to grow

　　6. ---What's this in English?

　　---Sorry, I can't _____it in English.

　　A. tell

　　B. say

　　C. speak

　　D. talk

　　7. --- _____I finish my homwork today?

　　---No, you needn't.

　　A. Can

　　B. May

　　C. Must

　　D. Need

　　8. In Spring , the days ______longer and longer, the trees _______green.

　　A. get, turn

　　B. gets, turns

　　C. got, turned

　　D. have got, have turned

　　9. When the traffic lights are red, you ________stop.

　　A. can

　　B. must

　　C. won't

　　D. needn't

　　10. When the teacher came into the classroom, I ________to my deskmate.

　　A. stopped to talk

　　B. stopped talking

　　C. stop to talk

　　D. stop talking

　　实战：

　　1. ---Whose calculator is it?

　　--- It's ______.

　　A. she's

　　B. hers

　　C. her

　　D. she

　　2. _______December 23, Mr and Mrs Hopkens flew to London for a trip.

　　A. on

　　B. in

　　C. at

　　D. for

　　3. The Science Museum is located ________the centre of the town.

　　A. with

　　B. near

　　C. beside

　　D. in

　　4. Do you think maths is ________important than English?

　　A. very

　　B. as

　　C. more

　　D. quite

　　5. The captain has a _______daughter.

　　A. five-years-old

　　B. five years old

　　C. five year old

　　D. five -year-old

　　6. Two fishermen saw ______in the sky while they were fishing by a river.

　　A. something strange

　　B. anything strange

　　C. strange something

　　D. strange anything

　　7. They got a Christmas tree and it was ______ours.

　　A. so tall as

　　B. so taller as

　　C. as tall as

　　D. as taller as

　　8. Who's ______woman over there?

　　A. /

　　B. the

　　C. a

　　D. an

　　9. A: _______have the scientists been there?B. For about two years.

　　A. How many times

　　B. How

　　C. What time

　　D. How long

　　10. _______that pair of new ________expensive?

　　A. Is, shoe

　　B. Are, shoe

　　C. Is, shoes

　　D. Are, shoes

　　11. Dick jumped into a large hole ________he saw the bear.

　　A. while

　　B. as soon as

　　C. until

　　D. if

　　12. _______cold weather it is at the South Pole!

　　A. What

　　B. What an

　　C. How

　　D. What a

　　13. I don't know ________last night.

　　A. why they didn't go to the movies

　　B. when they didn't go to the movies

　　C. why didn't they go to the movies

　　D. when didn't they go to the movies

　　14. There aren't many oranges here, but you can take _______if you want to.

　　A. few

　　B. a few

　　C. a little

　　D. little

　　15. Tom failed in the exam. He looked ________.

　　A. happy

　　B. sadly

　　C. upset

　　D. lovely