经典的优秀文摘范文短篇
我们有时间可以看看英语文摘的话就多多看看，所以小编今天就给大家分享一下英语文摘，看看收藏哦
世界人口 The World s Population
The first fifty years of the next millennium will be critical for the world's population. By 2050 population growth should have leveled off, but by then we'll have 10 billion people--two-thirds as many again as we have today. The rate of population growth is something we can choose right now, though: it's not something that just happens, but a matter of human choice. The choice is a complicated one,with many variables, but it remains a choice.
新千年的前50年对世界人口来说是至关重要的，到2050年，世界人口将趋于平稳，但到那时，世界人口将达到100亿，比现在多2/3。但人D增长率是我们现在能选择的事：它不是顺应天意而产生的，而是人类的选择。这一选择相当复杂，有许多因素，但它依然是一种选择。
If we want to prevent a population explosion, we should take action now -or assist the poorer countries to do so. They need better government, better institutions, better labor and capital markets, better schools. Anything that increases the value of women's time and adds to the cost of caring for a child makes a woman less likely to have that child. Since big families are often seen as safety nets for illness and old age, improving poor people's access to insurance, pensions and welfare institutions also has a major impact. This can be as simple as rural credit, providing a means of saving. Finally, there is education--both for women and, perhaps even more important, for the next generation of children.
要想避免人口爆炸，我们现在就应采取行动——或者说应帮助比较穷的国家来控制人口，因为他们需要更好的政府、机构、劳动力及资本市场和学校。任何使一个妇女增加抚养孩子的时间或抚养孩子费用的事都使得那个妇女不太想要这个孩子。由于大家庭经常被认为是年老生病时的安全网，让穷人进一步获得保险、退休金和福利机构的帮助也会在控制人口生育上起重大作用。这可以像农村信用制度那样简单，为人们提供一种储蓄的手段。最后还有教育问题——既有对妇女的教育，也有更重要的对下一代的教育。
These steps are there to be taken, but there appear to be some countries that are not seriously trying at the moment. If we cannot achieve that we will certainly not control population.
以上这些都是应采取的措施，但看来有些国家目前并没有认真去做，如果我们不能做到这一点，我们就不能控制人口。
That said, I don't feel pessimistic that we are going to run out of resources: we are becoming more efficient at producing food faster than the rate at which population is increasing. There is, however, a risk that we will wreck the environment so effectively that the world will no longer be an attractive place to live. That really would be a dismal outcome, to reach world population equilibrium only to find we'd destroyed the natural environment in the process.
及此，我对我们资源殆尽并不悲观：我们生产粮食的速度超过了人口增长的速度。然而，我们也存在这样的危险：我们会彻底毁坏环境，以致于地球将不再是一个吸引人居住的地方。那确实是一个可悲的结果：实现了人口的平衡却换来了自然环境的破坏。
生存和毁灭 Live and Die
The history of life on earth has been a history of interaction between living things and their surroundings. To a large extent, the physical form and the habits of the earth's vegetation and its animal life have been molded by the environment. Considering the whole span of earthly time, the opposite effect, in which life actually modifies its surroundings,has been relatively slight. Only in the present century has one species--man acquired significant power to alter the nature of his world.
地球上生命的历史一直就是一部生物与其环境相互作用的历史。在很大程度上，地球上动植物的形态以及习性都是由外部环境所塑造的。考虑到地球上生命存在的整个时间，相反作用——即生命对其周围环境的实际改变作用一却相对很小。只有在当前这个世纪才有一个物种——人类，获得了强大的力量，改变了其所生存的世界的自然状态。
During the past quarter century this power has not only become increasingly great but it has changed in character.The most alarming of all man's assaults upon the environment is the contaminatien of air, earth, rivers, and sea with dangerous and even lethal materials. This pollution is for the most part irrecoverable. In this now universal contamination of the environment, chemicals are the sinister partners of radiation in changing the very nature of the world, the very nature of it's life.
在过去的l/4世纪中，这种力量不仅日趋强大，而且其性质也发生了变化。在人类破坏环境的种种行为中，最令人担忧的是人类向大气、土壤、河流以及海洋中排放危险甚至致命物质，而当今这种污染在很大程度上是无法挽救的。在当今这种对环境的普遍污染中，化学制品与辐射狼狈为奸，改变着地球的自然状态，也就是改变着地球上生命自然状态。
It took hundreds of millions of years to produce the life that now inhabits the earth. Given time not in years but in millennia life adjusts, and a balance has been reached. But in the modern world there is no time.
地球历经了许多亿年才创造了栖息其上的生命。经过了一定时间——不是以若干年计算而是以上千年计算的时间——生命开始适应环境，并形成了一种与环境的平衡。但是在当今世界，时间这一因素已经没有了。
It is not my contention that chemical insecticides must never be used. I do contend that we have put poisonous and biologically potent chemicals indiscriminately into the hands of persons largely or wholly ignorant of their potentials for harm. We have subjected enormous numbers of people to contact with these poisons, without their consent and often without their knowledge. I contend,furthermore, that we have allowed these chemicals to be used with little or no advance investigation of their effect on soil, water, wildlife, and man himself. Future generations are unlikely to forgive our lack of concern for the integrity of the natural world that supports all life.
我不是说人类决不能使用化学杀虫剂。我要说的是，我们不分青红皂白地将这些有毒的、具有强大生物功能的化学制品，交给了那些对这些制品的潜在危害基本上或者完全无知的人去使用。我们使众多的人接触这些有毒物质，却没有征得他们的同意，并常常将他们蒙在鼓中、我还要说的一点是，我们允许使用这些化学制品，却事先很少或者根本没有调查它们对土壤、水、野生生物以及人类自身造成的影响。我们缺乏对万物赖以生存的自然界生态统一的关心，对此，我们的后代是不可能原谅的。
冬眠 Hibernation
ibernation is more than sleep. It is a very deep sleep.The animal's temperature drops to just over zero centigrade,and its heart beats very slowly. People who find hibernating animals asleep often think that they are dead: the body feels very cold, and the creature may breathe only once every five minutes. A hibernating animal cannot feel any pain. You can touch it, or even pull its tail, without causing it to move or wake up. In its hibernating state it can even live in a poisonous atmosphere for a long time without any ill effect.
冬眠不仅仅是睡眠，而是一种沉睡。动物的体温降到刚好在零摄氏度以上，心脏跳动非常缓慢。人们看到处于冬眠状态的动物，常常以为它们是死的：身体摸上去冰凉，可能每5分钟才呼吸一次。冬眠的动物感觉不到任何疼痛。你可以摸它，拉它的尾巴，也不能使它动一动或醒过来。当它处于冬眠状态时，甚至可以长时间地生活在有毒空气中而无任何不良后果。
Hibernating in this way, the animal can sleep all through the winter. You might wonder how it manages to live without eating for so many months. The answer lies in two facts. Thefirst is that it has stored supplies of fat in its body during the summer and autumn. The second is connected with the main use the body makes of food -- to supply the energy for movement. We have seen that hibernating animal reduces movement to far below the ordinary level. Even the movements of the heart and lungs are greatly reduced. The animal hardly makes any movement, hardly use any energy, and hardly needs any food.
用这样的方式越冬，动物可以睡过整个冬天。你或许会觉得奇怪，它好几个月不吃东西，怎么活过来的呢?可以从两方面的事实中得到答案。第一，在夏秋季节，动物体内储存大量的脂肪。第二是与食物对身体的主要用途，即食物供给身体活动所需的能量有关。我们已经知道，冬眠的动物把活动量减少到大大低于一般的水平。甚至心肺的活动量也大大减少了。冬眠的动物几乎没有什么活动，几乎也不消耗什么能量。因此它也几乎不需要什么食物。
Some animals, including some bears only half hibernate.That is to say, they sleep during the winter, but their sleep is not deep and their body temperature does not drop, as they are warm-blooded animals. In the antumn the bear eats and eats and becomes very fat. His hair grows longer. Soon he has a thick covering of fat and fur. In November he finds a place to lie down and goes to sleep. On warm winter days he may think spring has arrived; he gets up and walks around. When he sees that the snow is still thick on the ground, he quickly goes to sleep again.
有些动物，包括有些熊，只是半冬眠。就是说，每到冬天它就睡觉，不过他们睡得不那么沉，因为他们属温血运动，所以体温不下降。在秋天，熊吃了又吃长得真是肥极了。它身上的毛也长得更长了，很快全身就包满了一层厚厚的脂肪和毛。到了11月，它找个地方躺下睡觉了。在冬天暖和的日子里，它可能以为春天已经来到了，便起来四处走走，当它看到地上积雪仍然很厚时，它很快又去睡了。
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