用英语说中国汉朝
用英语说中国汉朝
提高英语水平的方法有很多，在阅读中加入英语也是常见的一种。小编在此献上用英语来了解中国的历史文化，希望大家喜欢。
用英语说中国汉朝：General 概况
At the end of the Qin Dynasty (221—206 B.C.), a present army led by Liu Bang conquered the Xianyang City in 207 BC, putting an end to the despotic period.
秦朝(公元前221年至公元前206年)末期，刘邦率领的军队于公元前207年占领了咸阳，结束了这个暴虐的时代。
After four years war with his rival, Xiang Yu, Liu Bang finally got command of the whole country and established his reign----Han Dynasty in 202 BC.
经过和项羽四年的战争，刘邦最终控制了整个国家并于公元前202年建立了他的王朝——汉朝。
The new dynasty has been divided into two historical periods.
这个新朝代被分为两个历史时期。
The first period is called the Western Han (206 B.C. ---- 24 A.D.) as the capital was Chang'an (the present city of Xian in Shaanxi Province).
第一个时期是西汉(公元前206年至公元24年)，都城为长安(今天的陕西省西安市)。
The second period is known as the Eastern Han (25 A.D.--- 220 A.D.) as Luoyang became the capital city.
第二个时期是东汉(公元25年至220年)，都城为洛阳。
The Han Dynasty ruled over the second unified Chinese empire.
汉朝是第二个统一中国的朝代。
Based on the unification created by Emperor Qin Shi Huang, a variety of different cultures were integrated.
以秦始皇建立的统一为基础，不同的文化相交融。
This laid the foundation for what became the common culture of Han.
这位汉朝的普众文化建立了基石。
It was during this period that the Han ethnic group established itself as the core nation of China.
正是在这个时期，汉族成为了中国的核心民族。
It was as a consequence of their more advanced civilization that the Han people assumed a dominant position.
也许是因为汉族人民拥有更为先进的文明，他们占据了支配地位。
This dominance still exists in China today, regardless of the many changes that have taken place over the centuries.
不管在时代变迁间经历了多少变化，汉族人的这种优势直到今日仍然存在于中国。
用英语说中国汉朝：Emperor Gaozu of the Han 汉高祖
Emperor Gaozu, also known under the name Liu Bang, was the first emperor of the Western Han Dynasty (206 B.C. ---- 24 A.D.).
汉高祖刘邦是西汉(公元前206年至公元24年)的开国皇帝。
He was born into a peasant family in Pei (present Pei County in Jiangsu Province), and was once one of the leaders of the peasant insurrections in the late Qin Dynasty (221—206 B.C.).
他出生于沛县(今江苏省沛县)的一个农民家庭，在秦朝(公元前221年至公元前206年)晚期曾担任农民起义的领袖。
Having suffered a lot under the despotic rule, Liu Bang rose against it at the end of the Qin Dynasty together with Xiang Yu.
因为遭受了残暴统治的巨大痛苦，刘邦在秦末和项羽一起揭竿造反。
The two of them became two important leaders of the peasant uprisings which were taking place at the time.
他们二人成为了那时农民起义的主力军。
In 206 B.C, Liu Bang started by breaking the capital city of Qin, Xianyang, thus putting an end to the notorious Qin Dynasty.
公元前206年，刘邦在秦朝都城咸阳起义，结束了这个臭名昭著的秦王朝。
He abandoned the harsh laws, reduced taxes and instituted three regulations in order to protect the interests of normal people.
他取消了严厉的刑法，减少了苛捐杂税，建立了三项规定来保障人民的利益。
These actions made him popular with the people.
这些举动使他深得民心。
However, Liu Bang's actions and fame were the source of Xiang Yu's envy.
然而，刘邦的行为与名气招致了项羽的嫉妒。
Xiang Yu had the intention of becoming an emperor with control over the entire country.
项羽想要成为一统全国的皇帝。
When Xiang Yu proclaimed himself the King of Chu, Liu Bang realized that he was inferior to Xiang Yu
当项羽宣称自己是楚国的君主时，刘邦意识到自己的身份比项羽低微，
and adopted the suggestions of Xiao He to move to Hanzhong (present Hanzhong in Shaanxi Province) with the title “King of Han” which was conferred by Xiang Yu.
就听取了萧何的建议以项羽授予自己的“汉军君主”的名号转移到了汉中(今陕西省汉中)。
In Hanzhong, Liu Bang focused his efforts on developing the agriculture and training an army, through which he reinforced his material accumulation and military power.
在汉中，刘邦潜心发展农业和军队，通过此举，他加强了自己的物资积累和军事实力。
Before long， Liu Bang left Hanzhong and stationed in the Central Shaanxi Plain, where he launched a war now known as the Chu-Han War, against Xiang Yu.
没过多久，刘邦离开汉中，驻扎在了陕西平原中部。
The war lasted four years (206---- 202 B.C.) and ended with Liu Bang's victory.
在那里，他与项羽展开了一场著名的战争——楚汉之争。
Having defeated Xiang Yu, Liu Bang established the Han Dynasty in 202 BC and made Chang'an (present city of Xian) his capital city.
这场战争持续了四年时间(公元前206年至公元前202年)并以刘邦的胜利结束。
Liu Bang became historically known as Emperor Gaozu.
打败项羽后，刘邦于公元前202年建立汉朝，定都长安(今西安)。
During the time Liu Bang was in power, he continued to use the centralism created by Qin, replaced original vassals and granted lands to his relatives.
他在历史上被称为汉高祖。
In economy, he reduced taxes and corvee and developed agriculture, but he restricted the commerce.
刘邦执政期间沿用了秦朝的中央集权制，取消了原来的诸侯国，将土地无偿分封给他的亲戚。
Emperor Gaozu's efforts laid a solid foundation for the over four-hundred-year reign of the Han Dynasty.
经济上，他减免了苛捐杂税与劳逸并积极发展农业，但是限制了商业的发展。
高祖的努力为汉朝之后四百多年的统治打下了牢固的基础。
用英语说中国汉朝：Rule of Wen and Jing 文景之治
When the emperors Wen and Jing in the Western Han Dynasty (206B.C.---- 8 A.D.) came into power, they went on with more moderate and humane policies carried by Emperor Gaozu.
汉文帝与汉景帝执政时，相较于高祖，他们采取了更加温和与人性化的政策。
Historical records show that during their reigns the Han Dynasty (206B.C. ---- 220A.D.) prospered.
历史记录显示，当他们当政时，汉朝(公元前206年至公元220年)繁荣发展。
Untroubled by wars or natural disasters, people lived in peace.
人们平安度日，不受战乱或自然灾害的忧扰。
This resulted in an increase in population and the development of manufacturing industries and commerce.
这最终造成了人口的增长以及制造业和经济的发展。
The emperor Wen attached much importance to agriculture and economy.
汉文帝将注意力更多放在了农业与经济上。
He encouraged agricultural output by further reducing taxes and asked people to grow mulberry and raise silkworms.
他通过不断减少税收以及建议人民种桑树、养蚕来鼓励农业的发展。
Meanwhile, Wen introduced the reform of punishment and abolished many cruel penalties, in the 23 years of his reign, there was no reconstruction of the palace and his carriages remained the same.
同时，文帝提倡惩罚制度的改革并取消了许多残酷的刑罚，在他统治的23年间，他不曾修缮过宫殿，连自己的马车也多年如一日。
According to the historical records, the food supply was so ample that much got perished in the bams.
根据史料记载，那时的食物供给十分充足以至于许多粮食都烂在了谷仓里。
Another important factor that contributed to the prosperity of Han was that Wen& Jing endeavored to maintain a friendly relationship with Han and neighboring countries.
另一个使得汉朝繁荣兴盛的原因在于文帝和景帝致力于与汉朝周边的国家维持良好的关系。
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