用英语说中国的秦朝历史
在日常的阅读中融入英语，可以有效的提高自己的英语水平。小编在此献上用英语来了解中国的历史文化，希望大家喜欢。
The End of Qin Dynasty 秦朝的灭亡
In the beginning of October 207 B.C, Zhao Gao forced Huhai to commit suicide and replaced him with Fusu’s son，Ziying (子婴).
公元前207年十月初，赵高强迫胡亥自杀，另立扶苏之子子婴为帝。
Note that the title of Ziying was “ king of Qin” to reflect the fad that Qin no longer controlled the whole of China.
子婴的称号是秦王，这也反映了秦朝大势已去，不再控制整个中国。
The Chu-Han contention ensued.
随之而来的是楚汉之争。
Ziying soon killed Zhao Gao and surrendered to Liu Bang (刘邦)in the beginning of December 207 B.C.
子婴登机之后不久便设计诛杀赵高，并在公元前207年十二月初投降刘邦。
But Liu Bang was forced to hand over Xianyang and Ziying to Xiang Yu.
但刘邦被迫将咸阳和子婴拱手让给项羽。
Xiang Yu then killed Ziying and burned down the palace in the end of January 206 B.C.
公元前206年一月末，项羽杀死子婴并火烧咸阳的宫殿，
Thus the Qin dynasty came to an end, three years after the death of Qin Shi Huang, and less than twenty years after it was founded.
至此，秦朝付之一炬，走向了灭亡，而这距离秦始皇驾崩仅三年，距离秦朝建立也不过20年的时间。
Although the Qin Dynasty was short-lived, its legalist rule had a deep impact on later dynasties in China.
虽然秦朝是个短命的王朝，但其法制规则对后世产生了深远的影响。
The imperial system initiated during the Qin dynasty set a pattern that was developed over the next two millennia.
由秦朝所创的皇权系统在之后的2000年一直被后世所效仿。
Chu-Han War 楚汉之争
It refers to the war between Xiang Yu and Liu Bang.
楚汉之争指项羽和刘邦之间的战争。
After the collapse of the Qin Empire, the country fell apart again.
秦王朝崩塌后，整个国家分崩离析。
A new round of power struggle broke out in 206 BC between two leaders of rebellion army.
新一轮的权利争夺在公元前206年的两个起义军首领间爆发。
One of the rivals was Xiang Yu, who was born in an aristocratic family of former Chu State in present Jiangsu Province.
项羽，出生在今江苏省一个前朝楚国的贵族家庭。
He received martial arts training from childhood and was versed in military matters.
他自幼习武并精于军事。
At the end of the Qin Dynasty (221----206 B.C.), he rose up and led his men to defeat the main body of Qin army, proclaimed himself King Of West Chu.
秦朝末年，他奋起反抗，带领军队打败秦军主力，自封西楚霸王。
The other was Liu Bang, who was also from present Jiangsu Province.
刘邦，祖籍也是今天的江苏省。
It was his army who first broke into the Qin capital in 206 B.C. and abolished all the harsh laws set by the Qin, which help him won popularity among local people.
刘邦率领军队在公元前206年率先攻克秦朝首都咸阳，并废除了严酷的秦律，这使得刘邦广受民众爱戴。
However, Liu Bang realized that he was inferior lo Xiang Yu in military force.
然而，刘邦意识到自己的军事力量远不及项羽，所以当他察觉到项羽的妒忌时，便决定暂时撤回今陕西汉中，并接受项羽封汉王。
So when he felt the jealousness by Xiang Yu, he decided to beat a temporary retreat in Hanzhong in Shaanxi Province with the title King of Han authorized by Xiang Yu.
刘邦在汉中暗中培养他的力量。
Liu Bang fostered his force secretly in Hanzhong.
很快他的势力便超过了项羽。
Soon he got a better hank over Xiang Yu.
战争拉锯持续了四年。
The tug of war lasted four years.
由于盲目自大且用人不当，项羽失去了最终兵败并在今安徽乌江江畔自刎。
Due to his blind arrogance and blindness to men of ability, Xiang Yu lost the battles at last and committed suicide at Wujiang River in present Anhui Province.
公元前206年，刘邦成为了西汉(公元前206年----公元24年)的开朝皇帝，而西汉也是继秦朝之后中国帝国史上的第二个王朝。
Liu Bang became the founder of the Western Han Dynasty (206 B.C.----24 A.D.) in 206 B.C, the second empire in imperial history after Qin.
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