用英语说中国夏朝
用英语说中国夏朝
根据自己的喜好，选着适合自己的一种英语学习方法，这样才会有利于学习英语。小编在此献上用英语说中国历史的故事，希望大家喜欢。
用英语说中国夏朝：General 概况
The first prehistoric dynasty is said to be Xia, from about the twenty-first to the sixteenth century B.C.
第一个史前朝代应该是夏朝，从公元前21世纪至公元前16世纪。
Until scientific excavations were made at early bronze-age sites at Anyang, Henan Province, in 1928,
在1928年对河南省安阳的青铜时代早期遗址进行系统挖掘以前，
it was difficult to separate myth from reality in regard to the Xia.
将关于夏朝的传说同现实区分开是困难的。
But since then, and especially in the 1960s and 1970s,
但是从那时起，尤其是在20世纪60年代和70年代，
archaeologists have uncovered urban sites, bronze implements, and tombs that point to the existence of Xia civilization in the same locations cited in ancient Chinese historical texts.
考古学家们开掘出了位于与古代中国历史文章中提到的相同位置的城区、青铜器以及墓穴，而这些都表明了夏王朝的存在。
At minimum, the Xia period marked an evolutionary stage between the late Neolithic cultures and the typical Chinese urban civilization of the Shang dynasty.
至少，夏朝标志着新石器文化末期与商朝典型的中国城市文明之间进化的阶段。
用英语说中国夏朝：Archaeological Records 原始记载
Unlike the later Shang dynasty, no direct archeological evidence exists to confirm the existence of a Xia dynasty.
与之后的商朝不同，没有直接的考古学证据存在来证明夏朝的存在。
Archaeologists have uncovered urban sites, bronze implements, and tombs that point to the possible existence of the Xia dynasty at locations cited in ancient Chinese historical texts.
考古学家们开掘出了位于与古代中国历史文章中提到的相同位置的城区、青铜器以及墓穴，而这些都表明了夏王朝的存在。
Most Chinese archaeologists identify the Erlitou culture as the site of the Xia dynasty,
大部分中国的考古学家把二里头文化视为夏朝的遗址，
while most Western archaeologists remain unconvinced of the connection between the Erlitou culture and the Xia Dynasty.
而大多数西方考古学家对于二里头文化和夏朝之间的联系仍不确定。
In 1959, a site located in the city of Yanshi was excavated containing large palaces that some Chinese archaeologists have attributed as capital of the Xia Dynasty,
1959年，偃师市的一个遗址被开掘，其中包含了大型的宫殿，中国的考古学家认为这是夏朝的都城，
though Western archaeologists are reluctant to make this claim on the grounds that no written records exist to confirm the name of the dynasty and its sovereigns.
而西方的考古学家对于这个论断很犹豫因为没有书面的记录存在来表明这个朝代的名称和它的君主。
Radiocarbon dating places the site at about 2100 to 1800 BC, providing physical evidence of the existence of a state contemporaneous with and possibly equivalent to the Xia Dynasty as described in Chinese historical works.
放射性炭测定此遗址的年代在公元前2100年至1800年之间，这为一个与夏朝处于同年代的甚至于就是中国历史著作中提到的夏朝的存在提供了物证。
At a minimum, the archeological discoveries marked an evolutionary stage between the late Neolithic cultures and the typical Chinese urban civilization of the Shang dynasty.
至少，考古学的发现标志着一个处于新石器文化末期与商朝典型的中国城市文明之间进化的阶段。
Agricultural technology improved drastically with the invention of wine making and improvements in horse herding, and carriages were used.
伴随着红酒制造的发明，牧马的进步以及四轮马车的运用，农业技术飞速发展。
用英语说中国夏朝：Yu the Great 大禹
Yu the Great is still remembered and respected as the ruler who got the Yellow River back under control.
大禹因是使黄河流域再度得到控制的君主而仍被铭记与尊敬。
He lived about four thousand years ago. At that time， people suffered from a big flood of the Yellow River King Shun,
他大约生活在4000年前。那个时候，人民遭受着君主舜时期的一场大洪水。
the ruler before Yu, initially assigned Yu's father Gun to handle the problem.
舜是大禹之前的统治者，他一开始指派禹的父亲鲧去解决这个问题。
Gun tried out a method that consisted of blocking up the water wherever the flooding occurred.
鲧尝试了一个方法，在洪水出没的地方将水堵住。
Nine years later, the situation had become even worse with the river overflowing everywhere.
9年后，情况变得更糟，河水四溢。
King Shun was very angry about what Gun had done, and ended up dismissing Gun and appointing Yu.
君主舜对于鲧的所作所为非常生气并最终弃用了鲧，任命了禹。
Yu learned techniques from his father and adopted a new way of dredging water channels and conducting the river to the sea.
禹从他的父亲那里学到了技术并采用了疏通水道、引河入海的新方法。
He went into this project of water control with all his heart,
他全心全意进行治水的工程。
and it was said that during this period of time, he passed by his house three times but never went inside.
据传在治水期间，禹曾三过家门而不入。
It took him 13 years to tame the river.
征服河流花了他13年的时间。
The story of Yu's battle against the flood speaks of the fearless spirit of ancient people faced with natural disaster.
大禹治水的故事描述了古人们遇到自然在还是无所畏惧的精神。
King Shun was impressed by Yu's endeavors and passed his throne to Yu later on.
君主舜对禹的努力印象深刻，后来把自己的王位传给了禹。
Yu the Great was the last legendary leader of the primitive society, in which the election of the leader followed the merit system.
大禹是远古社会最后一位传说中的君主，那时君主的选拔唯才是用。
It was Qi, the son of Yu, who violated this practice.
禹的儿子启违反了这个惯例。
He killed the person Yu the Great had appointed and succeeded his father’s power.
他杀掉了大禹任命的的人，承袭了他父亲的权力。
Qi founded the Xia Dynasty (21st-16th century BC) and initiated the hereditary system of monarchy.
启建立了夏朝(公元前21世纪至公元前16世纪)并开启了君主世袭制。
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