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课外阅读1
The year 2011 was once dubbed the hardest year for job-hunting, with a record number of 6.3 million graduates leaving campuses across China. So what do you call 2013, with its nearly 7 million graduates entering the job market? It looks tough.
2011年曾被称为“史上最难就业年”，当年全国毕业生人数达到了创纪录的630万人。那么我们又该如何称呼2013年呢?今年有近700万毕业生涌入就业市场。形势很严峻。
April is considered the final phase of job-hunting for the majority of college seniors. Butaccording to a recent report by Guangdong’s provincial education bureau, only 30 percent ofgraduates have signed an employment contract, reported Nanfang Daily.
对于大多数大四学生来说，四月是求职的冲刺阶段了。但据《南方日报》报道，广东省教育厅的最新报告显示，目前只有百分之三十的毕业生签订了就业合同。
Luo Weiqi, head of the Guangdong education bureau, said the situation this year is even moresevere than in 2008, when the global financial crisis started. Luo attributes the difficulties offinding jobs to two factors.
广东省教育厅厅长罗伟其表示，今年的就业形势甚至比2008年全球金融危机开始时更为严峻。罗厅长将“就业难”这一现象归结于两点。
“Due to the global recession, demand for graduates remains weak as industries that rely onexports have been hit by reduced foreign consumption. Campus talks have decreased by 10 percent this year,” said Luo. “The other reason is the oversupply of graduates, nearly 7 millionnationwide.”
“由于全球经济衰退，出口行业因国外消费萎缩而遭受重挫，对于毕业生的需求减少。2013年广东省企业校园宣讲会比去年减少了10%左右。”罗伟其说，“另一个原因是今年全国有近七百万毕业生，造成供大于求的现象。”
A trend of training those already employed to develop new skills is emerging amongemployers, which is also squeezing the chances of fresh graduates.
用人单位更倾向于对现有员工进行新技能的培训，这也使得毕业生的就业机会大打折扣。
At a recent discussion forum in Shanghai, Xu Jing, an HR manager, spoke to her counterpartsfrom across the country. The majority of big companies now favor those with relevant workexperience rather than fresh graduates.
前不久，在上海的某论坛上，某公司人事经理徐静(音译)在全国同行面前发言说，现今多数大公司更青睐具有相关工作经验的人，而非应届毕业生。
“When the economy is good, companies have the time and resources to train new hands,” saidXu. “But when they need to tighten their budgets, they want people who can do things straightaway.”
“经济形势好的时候，公司有时间和精力来培训新人，”徐静说，“但当他们需要削减预算时，则更想要那些可以直接上手的人才。”
Another downside is that students always want a better deal.
另一个导致就业率下降的因素便是学生期望过高。
Wang Enbo, an economics major at Guangzhou University, received an offer from a local tradingcompany to be an assistant sales manager on a salary of 2,500 yuan a month. But the 24-year-old wanted more, so she turned down the offer in the hope of finding a job with a better salary. She is still looking.
来自广州大学经济学专业的王恩博(音译)得到了当地一家贸易公司提供的助理销售经理职位，月薪2500元。但24岁的她对此并不满意，因此拒绝了这个机会，希望找到一个薪水更高的工作。目前她仍在求职中。
According to a white paper on employment in Guangdong province, the average salary forstudents with a bachelor’s degree was 2,795 yuan a month in the first quarter of this year.
广东省就业白皮书显示，今年一季度本科毕业生平均月薪为2795元。
“This is far below what students expect for an entry level job,” commented Li Zhiguo, whoworks for a marketing and consulting company based in Beijing.
“这与学生们对入门级工作的预期相去甚远。”来自北京一家市场咨询公司的__国(音译)评论道。
Li said that although official numbers are not available, students nationwide expect a salary ofaround 3,500 yuan according to his estimation.
__国说，虽然暂时还没有得到官方数据，但据他估计，国内毕业生的月薪期望值大概在3500元左右。
He suggests students adopt a more realistic approach to finding a job.
他建议学生们应该采用一些更加务实的求职方式。
“For entry level jobs, don’t focus too much on the money,” said Li. “Once you get through thefirst year things will be better.”
“对于入门级别的工作，不要过分看重薪水。”__国说。“一旦顺利度过第一年，情况就会越来越好。”
课外阅读2
With national benchmark scores for postgraduate admission having been released late lastmonth, scores for each graduate school will soon follow. Applicants who did well in exams willface the ultimate challenge of impressing an academic panel to get enrolled on a master’sdegree.
随着三月末考研国家线的发布，各大院校也将在短时间内公布自主分数线。而那些考试分数优异的考生们又将面对终极挑战：他们必须打动面试小组来获取研究生入学通知书。
“The purpose of the interview is to get to know applicants beyond their paper application. It’sa chance for applicants to distinguish themselves from the other applicants and show theinterviewers what makes them a better candidate,” said Wei Yuquan, the postgraduate dean atSichuan University.
四川大学研究生院院长魏于全表示：“面试的目的是了解学生论文以外的情况。对考生们来说，这是一个令自己从考生大军中脱颖而出的机会，可以向考官证实自己是个更好的人选。”
For students looking to further their study after graduation, tips offered by experts andstudents for the interview also serve as a guideline for their studies.
对那些想在毕业后继续深造的学生们来说，专家及学长们给出的小诀窍也可以为他们的学业点燃一盏指路明灯。
Wu Wentao, 24, a postgraduate majoring in software engineering at Beijing University of Postsand Telecommunications
吴文涛(音译)，24岁，北京邮电大学软件工程专业研究生
“In preparing for the interview it’s important to consider your audience – professors withexpertise in different areas. So it’s vital that you read their research papers, books, and otheracademic work to learn about their interests and fields of study. With this knowledge you canimpress the assessors and give the right answers and, more importantly, ask the rightquestions.
“准备面试时，一定要考虑到自己的听众——专攻不同领域的教授们。所以你要拜读他们的研究报告、著作及其他学术作品，了解他们的兴趣爱好以及研究领域，这点十分关键。有了一定了解后，你才能打动考官们，给出正确答案，更重要的是，提出正确的问题。”
Different schools have a different style of interviewing candidates. This is where online forumsfor postgraduate study can help. On these forums, students share their experience of beinginterviewed by a particular professor, some recommend must-read pieces, and some evendescribe the interviewer’s interest in a particular research area.
每个高校的考研面试风格各不相同。这一点就需要向研究生学习论坛来寻求帮助了。在这些论坛上，学生们分享自己被某位教授面试的经历，有些人推荐了必读书目，还有人甚至明确写出某面试官对某一研究领域的兴趣爱好。
Finally, make a list of your own strengths, achievements, and any recognitions you’ve received. Memorize the list and try to use examples from it to answer questions related to these traitsconfidently.”
最后，列出自己的特长、成就以及获得的表彰并牢记于心，回答跟个人特质有关的问题时，尽量从中举例给出有力证明。”
Cui Shangbin, professor in basic mathematics at Sun Yat-sen University
崔尚斌，中山大学基础数学系教授
“Even if it’s an academic interview, I have to remind students that basic interview etiquetteis indispensable. Arrive at the interview location 15 minutes before it begins. Dressappropriately – look neat and professional, which means no jeans, T-shirts or shorts.
“虽然只是一个学术面试，我不得不提醒学生们，基本的面试礼仪是不可缺少的。提前十五分钟到达面试地点，着装要得体——看上去整洁、专业，不要穿牛仔裤、T恤或者短裤。”
Bring copies of your resume and any papers or presentations you’ve worked on.
带上几份个人简历，以及你参与过的论文或报告。
You probably won’t be able to explain them all in the time available, but it shows you preparedwell for the interview.
在有限的时间内，你或许无法全部阐述这些资料，但这能说明你为面试做了精心准备。
Address the professors on the panel with their names and titles to show that you’ve done somebackground research.”
用姓名加头衔的方式来称呼面试小组的教授们，证明你之前做了一些背景研究。”
Wang Di, professor of law at China University of Political Science and Law
王迪(音译)，中国政法大学法学教授
“Students should know the program they are applying for very well. This means you need to beable to express your argument fluently when asked why you want to study that degree. Howyou support your arguments indicates the logic thinking and articulation skills required by thefaculty.
“学生们应该对自己申请的研究生课程了如指掌。当被问及为何选择这一专业时，你要能够流利地表达自己的观点。论述的过程决定你是否具备考取该院系所需要的逻辑思维能力和表达能力。”
Many students pay a lot of attention to the defensive side of the interview – which isanswering questions. But successful candidates distinguish themselves by asking the rightquestions, too. It shows they know the research field well. A good question will also ignite theprofessors’ interest in the subject and in you immediately. So make sure you do your homeworkbefore attending the interview.”
许多学生过度专注于面试中的防守——即回答问题。但是成功的考生通过恰到好处的发问脱颖而出。这彰显出他们对于研究领域的深入了解。一个好问题会立刻引发考官对该主题以及你个人的兴趣。因此在参加面试前要做好功课。”
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