学会现在分词 强化雅思写作
在雅思写作考试中,如果通篇都使用同一种句型写作,那么高分基本也与你无缘,因为句子的多样性也是雅思写作的一个考察点。因此,句型的丰富变化也是雅思考生们的“必修课”。作为英语中一个重要又普遍的语法,现在分词(-ing)和过去分词(-ed)是提升句式多样性的一大利器,但同时也是学习中的一个难点和易错点。尽管我们在小学里就已经学了现在分词,但是用错的考生仍然很多。今天,小编就来分析一下雅思写作中常见的现在分词和过去分词用法。
学会现在分词 强化雅思写作
在写作中,现在分词短语常常可以用来替换句中的定语从句,使句子结构更精简,形成多样化的句式。
现在分词既可修饰人,也可修饰物,被修饰的成分可以是主语、宾语或其他名词性质的成分。如:
(a) Thenumber of international students coming to western countries increased greatlyin recent years. 近几年,赴西方国家的留学生数量大幅增加。
→ The number of international students who came to western countries increased greatly in recent years.
(b) Thisis a tourist book giving information about the dos and don'ts one should knowwhen they travel to South East Asia. 这是一本介绍东南亚旅游须知的导游书。
→ This is a tourist book that gives information about the dos anddon'ts one should know when they travel to South East Asia.
(c) Anew stadium coveringan area of 10 square kilometres will be built in the north of thecity. 城市北侧将兴建一座占地10平方千米的体育场。
→ A new stadium which covers an area of 10 square kilometreswill be built in the north of the city.
(d) Therewere over 1000 students studying fashion designing in this college. 这所大学里有一千多名学习时装设计的学生。
→ There were over 1000 students who are studying fashion designing in thiscollege.
(e) Onecan hardly imagine the number of bacteria growing insidea refrigerator. 人们很难想象冰箱里滋生的细菌的数量。
→ One can hardly imagine the number of bacteria that are growing inside arefrigerator.
【注】现在分词作定语成分时,它所对应的定语从句的谓语可以是一个一般时态的动词,如句(a)(b)(c),也可以是一个进行时态的动词,如句(e)(f)。
2. 现在分词 vs. 状语从句
现在分词的另一重要用法是充当状语,通常用以表示原因或时间。
1) 表示原因:相当于一个原因状语从句
(f) Staying up latelast night, he felt asleep in the meeting this morning. 由于昨晚熬夜,他今天上午开会时睡着了。
→ As hestayed up late last night, he felt asleep in themeeting this morning.
(g) Thegovernment planned to build another metro line across the city, hoping to reduce the traffic congestion during the rush hour. 为了缓解高峰时段的交通拥堵,政府计划再建一条穿过市区的地铁线。
→ The government planned to buildanother metro line across the city, because they hope to reduce the trafficcongestion during the rush hour.
2) 表示时间:相当于一个时间状语从句
(h) While constructing the new residential area, the workers found anold tomb from the Ming Dynasty. 在建新住宅区时,工人们发现了一个明朝古墓。
→ Whilethey were constructing the new residential area, theworkers found an old tomb from the Ming Dynasty.
【注】现在分词作状语,表示“在做某事的过程中,发生了某事或做某事。”这时前面保留when,while等连词。
(i) Knowing thegovernment's new environment protection policy, many high-techcompanies started developing products that are environmental-friendly. 了解了政府新出台的环保政策后,许多高科技公司开始开发更环保的产品。
→ Whenthey know the government's new environment protection policy, many high-tech companies started developing products that areenvironmental-friendly.
【注】现在分词作状语,表示“一个动作一发生,另一个动作随即发生。”
(未完待续)
下节预告:现在分词作伴随状语、独立主格结构
【小练习】利用现在分词改写以下3句话
1. Asthe company did not have enough funding, it had no choice but to temporarilystop the R & D plan.
2. Majority of the senior citizens who live in this community are offered free annualhealth check.
3. When the employers talk to the candidates, they try to decide whether theireducation, experience and other qualifications worth the investment.
1. Nothaving enough funding, the company had no choice but to temporarily stop the R& D plan.
2. Majority of the senior citizens living in this community are offered freeannual health check.
3. When talking to the candidates, the employers try to decide whether theireducation, experience and other qualifications worth the investment.
点评:雅思写作是长期努力的结果,希望这篇文章可以帮助到各位考生。
4步有效提高雅思写作能力
小编认为,考生在进行雅思写作备考的时候要注意对于词汇的积累,但除此之外,还需要其它方面的积累,在下文中,小编就来介绍怎样提高雅思写作能力。
雅思写作备考:怎样提高雅思写作能力
一、词汇量
词汇是语言的基本组成部分,如果没有掌握一定量的词汇,是无法写好写好文章的,要写好文章,就必须善于从众多的词语中选择和运用最恰当的词语。所以扩大和丰富自己的词汇量易锯商写作能力的基础。
二、重视阅读
想要有效的提高英语能力,必须要有大量又广泛的阅读。广泛的阅读可使学生开拓视野,丰富知识,增加语感,为写作提供必要的语言材料。作文和阅读是相辅相成的。当然,在大量阅读的基础上,还需要注意精读一些内容接近现实的文章,这类文章最好是篇幅短小,文字浅显但是语言规范。
三、加强背诵
看了好文章,不单是理解就够了,还应该在理解的基础上多多背诵,才能达到融会贯通、据为已有的效果。英语宜多诵多背,把一些句型、短语,一些文章的片段或全篇,背得滚瓜烂熟,让这些材料在你的脑袋里扎根,当你要用的时根,它们使会自然而然地冒出来。
背诵可以培养正确使用语言的习倔,增强语感,这样就可以避免生搬硬套地写一些中国式的英文。加强背诵能变难为易,变费力为省力,能有效地帮助学生提高写作能力。现在背诵和熟记一些语言材料,对中学生来说将会受用无穷。
四、多写多练
雅思写作能力是通过反复实践才能获得的,一开始,作文可以从仿写开始,可以参考那些语言朴实又结构简单的短文,刚开始的写作时,可以使用学过的单词、短语和句型。只要做到多读范文,多写多练,持之以恒,写作水平就一定会逐步提高。
以上就是小编总结的怎样提高雅思写作能力的经验,希望可以对考生的复习有所启示。