英语必修2Unit4解析
英语必修2Unit4解析
孩子的英语作文老是跟不上水平?不要怕,今天小编为大叫整理了人教版的必修2Unit4解析,大家可以看一看。
疑难追踪
1.As a result, these endangered animals may even die out.(P25)
难句解读
结果,这些濒危的动物甚至可能会消亡。
die out
意为“(动植物物种)灭绝;(风俗、习惯等)逐渐消失,消灭;(火)逐渐熄灭”。
例如:
This kind of tiger is dying out.
这种虎快要灭绝了。
Many traditional customs have died out because they are out of date.
因为已经过时,许多传统风俗正逐渐消失。
The fire is dying out. You‘d better add some firewood.
火快灭了,你最好添点柴火。
难点深究
与die 相关的短语还有:
die away(声音、光线、风等)逐渐平息,渐弱;
die down(火、兴奋程度)渐弱,渐息;(光线、声音)静下来;
be dying for渴望,极想;
die off(家族,种族等)相继死亡,(草木)先后枯死;
die of死于饥饿、寒冷、中毒、疾病、年老、忧伤、发烧、热等(内因);
die from死于受伤、事故、粗心、饮酒等原因(外因)。
2.not enough food: loss of bamboo growing areas.(P25)
难句解读
没有足够的食物:缺少种植竹子的地方。
loss
作名词。意为“遗失,丧失;损失,损坏;输,未赢”。其动词形式lose。
例如:
Did you report the loss of your jewellery to the police?
你有没有把你丢失珠宝的事报告给警方?
The company suffered a heavy loss as a result of that mistake.
因为那次错误,公司损失惨重。
He'll try his best to make up the loss.
他将努力弥补损失。
What made him unhappy was the loss of yerterday's football match.
昨天足球比赛输了使他不高兴。
难点深究
loss与lose常用语下列结构:
suffer a loss (of) 蒙受损失;
make up a loss 弥补损失;
at a loss 不知所措,困惑,亏损;
lose one's way 迷路;
lose oneself 沉湎于;
be lost in 沉迷于,埋首(干某事)。
3.Wolong Nature Reserve, Sichuan Province.(P25)
难句解读
四川省卧龙自然保护区。
reserve
作及物动词,意为“ 预订,预约,保留”;
作名词,意为“ 保护区”。
reserve 常用于以下短语:
reserve one's opinion 保留自己的意见;reserve ticket 预订票。
例如:
I have reserved a room for you at the hotel.
我已在旅馆为你预订了一个房间。
These seats are reserved for old and sick people.
这些座位是留给老弱病人的。
We reserve the right to refuse admission.
我们有权拒绝接收。
难点深究
表示“存钱”的词有:reserve, keep, save, put away。
注意表示“订票”,“订位,房间”分别用:reserve, book,订货用order。
4.about 30-40 remain in the wild after being left in peace with no hunting.(P25)
难句解读
在禁止捕猎华南虎之后大约还有30~40只存活。
in peace
意为“和平地,和睦地,安详地”,在句中作状语,相当于peacefully。
例如:
We live in peace with our neighbors.
我们与邻居和睦相处。
I told him to go away and leave me in peace.
我叫他走开,别来打扰我。
难点深究
与peace相关的短语有:
make peace with 与……讲和,与……和解;keep the peace维持治安,维护和平;
at peace(在句中作表语,与at war 相对)和平地,和好地;
at peace with 与……和平相处;
in times of peace和平时期。
5.Why are they in danger of disappearing?(P25)
难句解读
它们为什么处于灭绝的危险中?
in danger (of)
意为“ 在危险中;垂危”。
例如:
The doctor is trying his best to save the old man in danger.
这位医生正在抢救生命垂危的老人。
The soldier is in danger of being hurt.
那位战士有受伤的危险。
难点深究
与danger 相关的短语有:
out of danger 脱离危险;
full of danger 充满危险;
a danger to… 对……构成威胁;
face danger 面临危险。
注意区分in danger,和dangerous:
in danger,事物本事对别人没威胁,但事物处于危险的环境下;
dangerous事物本身对别人有威胁,别人说这个事物是危险的。
例如:
We cannot find the kid. It's dark, she must be in danger now.
小孩找不到了,天黑了,她处境危险。
Swimming alone can be quite dangerous.
独自游泳很危险。
6.Flying carpet, please show me a place where there?s some wildlife protection.(P26)
难句解读
飞毯,请把我带到一个有野生动植物保护的地方去,好吗?
some
表示“未知的或未确定的某个人或事物”。
例如:
She is playing chess with some boy.
她在和一个男孩下棋。
He has been to some city in Europe.
他去过欧洲的某个城市。
难点深究
注意区别some ,a, a certain:
上述三个词都有“某一”之意。但some表示不确切的或说话人不愿意具体说明的人或事物,后一般不接人名。a后常跟人名,意为“一个叫……的人”。a certain表示已知但未加说明的人或物,可修饰单复数名词或人名。
例如:
Some man at the door is asking to see you.
门口有位男子要见你。
A Mr.Smith is waiting for you at door.
一位名叫史密斯的先生在门口等你。
He didn't attend the party for a certain reason.
由于某种原因他未参加晚会。
A certain Mr.Green telephoned while you were out.
你不在家时有位格林先生来过电话。
7.In relief Daisy burst into laughter.(P26)
难句解读
戴茜如释重负,突然大笑起来。
relief
作名词,意为“(痛苦或忧虑)减轻或解除”;
relieve
作动词,意为“ 使减轻,解除”。
例如:
Much to my relief, her injuries were only slight.她的伤势很轻,这使我大为放心。
Volunteers were requiredto relieve the labour shortage.
需要志愿者来缓解劳动力的缺乏。
burst into…意为“突然……”,除此之外,还有“闯入”的意思。
例如:
The car skidded, turned over and burst into flames.
那汽车一打滑,翻倒后突然起火了。
When she saw me,she burst into tears.
她一看见我就放声大哭。
My wife burst into tears when she heard the bad news.
我太太听到这个坏消息就哭了起来。
She burst into the room with her usual ebullience, and immediately started talking to everyone.
她像往常一样兴高采烈地冲进了房间,立刻跟大家攀谈起来。
He burst into our meeting and got sent away with a flea in his ear.
我们正在开会他闯了进来,大家把他轰走了。
难点深究
与relief 和relieve相关的短语:
in relief 如释重负,松了口气;
to one's relief 使人放心(欣慰)的是;
find relief from 从……中摆脱出来;
give a sign of relief 轻舒一口气;
feel a sense of relief 如释重负;
relieve one's pain 减轻痛苦;
relieve sb. of a burden 解除某人的负担;
relieve one's mind 解除某人的忧虑。
8.It shows the importance of wildlife protection, but I'd like to help as the WWF suggests.(P26)
难句解读
这体现了野生动物保护的重要性,但是我愿意按照世界野生基金会的建议帮助你们。
suggest
作及物动词,意为“提议,建议;表明”。
suggest
作“建议,提议”后跟名词,动名词或名词性从句(用虚拟语气);作“暗示,表明”后跟从句的谓语动词的时态应根据句子的需要。
例如:
The manager suggested an earlier date for the meeting.
经理建议召开会议的日期定早一些。
I suggested going home.(=I suggested we (should) go home.)
我建议回家。
His cold look suggested that he didn't like the idea.
他的冷酷的表情表明他不喜欢这个主意。
9.“I'm protecting myself from mosquitoes,”it replied.(P26)
难句解读
它回答说,“我这样做可以防止蚊虫叮咬。”
protect…from
意为“保护……不受……(危害)”。
例如:
He was wearing dark glasses to protect his eyes from the sun.
他戴一副墨镜以保护眼睛不受阳光的伤害。
Happily, there's more than one way to protect software from bad data.
令人高兴的是,有很多方法可以保护软件免受坏数据的侵害。
难点深究
prevent…from,keep…from,stop…from和protect…from的区别:
前三个词组的意义都是:阻止……做……或阻止某事的发生,而protect…from是表示保护…不受伤害 。prevent…from 和stop…from 用在主动语态中from可以省略。 keep…from在表示此意时,from不可以省略。keep…doing 是使……处在……状态中的意思。prevent…from,keep…from还有stop…from 这三个句式中from后面的动词与from前面的词构成动宾关系时,后面用动名词的被动形式。
注意下面红色字体体部分:
We must prevent the water from being polluted.
What stopped him from coming here.
The heavy rain kept us from coming on time.
I am sorry to have kept you waiting.
You had better wear sunglasses to protect your eyes from the sun.
10.It contains a powerful drug which affects mosquitoes.(P26)
难句解读
它含有一种强效的药物可以防止蚊虫叮咬。
contain
作及物动词,意为“ 包含,含有;容纳;抑制,控制”,不能用于进行时。
例如:
The big box contains that little boy's toys.
这个大盒子装有那个小男孩的玩具。
The classroom can contain 300 students.
这个教室可容纳300名学生。
She was too angry to contain herself.
她气急了,无法控制自己。
affect 作及物动词,意为“ 影响;(感情上)打动,感动”。
例句:
Thousands of people were affected by the floods.
成千上万的人受到了洪水的影响。
The story affected us deeply.
故事深深地打动了我们。
难点深究
注意contain, include与hold的区别:
contain指作为组成部分被“包含”或“容纳”在内,被包含的东西既可有形,也可无形。
include侧重被包含者只是整体中的一部分。
hold指有能力“容纳”,或有足够的“容量”。
例如:
This bottle contains two glasses of beer.
这个瓶子装有两杯啤酒。
This book contains important information.
这本书里有重要的信息。
The whole class,including the teacher,went to the farm to pick up apples.
全班同学包括老师都去农场摘苹果了。
The car can hold four people.
这辆车可以容纳4人。
How much water does the basin hold?
这个盆可容纳多少水?
注意affect, effect与influence的区别:
affect 与 effect 均可表示“影响”,其区别是:前者是动词(及物),主要指一时的影响,着重影响的动作,可指一般意义的影响(不分好坏),也可指不良影响;后者是名词(可数或不可数),两者的关系大致为:affect=have an effect on。注意effect 有时虽用作动词(及物),但不表示“影响”,而表示“实现”或“产生”等。influence 表示“影响”,主要指对行为、性格、观点等产生间接的或潜移默化的影响。可用作动词(及物)或名词(通常不可数,但有时可连用不定冠词)。
例如:
To affect a policy is to have an effect on it.
影响一项政策就是对该政策具有一种影响。
The news did not affect her at all.=The news had no effect on her at all.
这条消息对她没有一点影响。
He effected great changes in the company.
他使公司发生了巨大的变化。
What you read influences your thinking.
你读的东西对你的思想有影响。
It‘s clear that her painting has been influenced by Picasso.
她的画显然受了毕加索的影响。
Television has a strong influence on people.
电视对人有很大的影响。
11.You should pay more attention to the rainforest where I live and appreciate how the animals live together.(P26)
难句解读
你们应当更多地关注我生活的热带雨林,并且懂得动物们是怎样共存的。
pay attention to
意为“注意,专心,留心”,其中to 为介词,后接名词或V-ing。
例如:
You should pay attention to the teacher.
你应该注意听老师讲课。
Never mind about me. Please pay attentions to ladies.
不要管我, 请好好款待女客。
I've got to try to focus my attention on work.
我必须努力把注意力集中在工作上。
appreciate 做动词,意为“鉴赏;感激;意识到”。
例如:
I don't think you appreciate the difficulties this will cause.
我认为你不完全了解这件事情会造成的困难。
I'd appreciate it if you would turn the radio down.
你把收音机的声音调小一点,我非常感激。
难点深究
与attention相关的短语还有:
draw/attract/catch one's attention to…引起某人的注意;
turn one's attention to 把注意力转移到……;fix/focus/concentrate one's attention on/upon注意力集中在……;
devote one's attention to把注意力放在……;Attention, please!请注意!(口语)。
12.What must be done if wildlife protection is to succeed?(P27)
难句解读
要成功地保护野生动植物必须做什么?
succeed
作不及物动词,意为“成功”,常接in(doing)sth.;它作及物动词,意为“完成;接替,继任”,常用于succeed sb. as… (接替、继任某人当……)。
例如:
Did she succeed in (passing) the maths exam?她数学考试及格了吗?
The attack to the enemies succeeded finally.
对敌人的进攻最终成功了。
His eldest son succeeded to the title after he died.
他死后他的大儿子继承了爵位。
13.Can they be employed to work in the park and not hurt the animals?(P27)
难句解读
他们能被雇用在公园工作而且不伤害动物吗?
employ
作动词,意为“ 雇用;使用”。常用于一下结构:employ sb. as… 雇用某人当……;
employ sb. for… 雇人做……;
employ oneself in… 从事于……;
be employed in doing sth. 忙于做某事。
employ的形容词形式有employable,意为“可雇用的”;employ的名词形式有employer (雇主),employee (受雇者、雇工、雇员);employment (雇用,受雇;使用;工作;职业)。
例如:
The boss employed 20 workers.
那位老板雇了20位工人。
His mother is employed in a shop.
他母亲受雇于一家商店。
How do you employ your spare itme?
你怎样利用业余时间?
难点深究
注意hire, employ, rent的区别:
hire作“雇用”解时与employ同义,但用法稍有不同。hire是一般用法,指普通的雇用,可用于人或物,如:hire a servant, hire a taxi。 employ是较正式的用语,一般指大公司聘用职员,如 employ a teacher、employ a clerk、employ a manager等。rent只可用于物件(尤其建筑物类)。
例如:
Usually the villagers hire out boats to tourists on holiday.
通常村民假日向游客出租船只。
The company employs fifty people.
这个公司雇用了五十人。
She rented me a room at a low price.
她以较低价格租给我一间房子。
14.What should be done to punish people who do harm to the animals?(P27)
难句解读
应该做什么来惩罚伤害动物的人呢?
harm
既可作动词也可做名词,意为“伤害,损害”。常用于以下结构:cause/do harm to sb.给某人造成伤害;mean no harm并无恶意;It does no harm (for sb.) to do sth.对某人来说做某事无害。
例如:
Harm set, harm get.
害人反害己。
She would never harm anyone.
她绝不会伤害任何人。
Pollution can harm people's health.
污染危害人的健康。
Super beauty soap does no harm to skin.
高级美容皂,对皮肤无刺激性。
15.What should you do if you are being bitten by mosquitoes?(P29)
难句解读
如果蚊子正在叮咬你,你该怎么做?
bite(bit,bitten)
既可做及物动词,也可作不及物动词,意为“咬;叮;刺痛”。bite除了做动词外,还可以做名词。
例如:
Mr. Li's dog bit a child yesterday.
昨天,李先生的狗咬了一个小孩。
Barking dogs seldom bite.
爱叫的狗不咬人。
The dog gave the mailman a bite.
这条狗将邮递员咬了一口。
16.They lived on the earth tens of millions of years ago, long before humans came into being and their future seemed secure at that time.(P30)
难句解读
千百万年前,恐龙就在地球上生活,比人类的出现要早得多,当时他们的前景好像也很安全。
long before
用于过去时或过去完成时的句子中引导时间状语,既可以接短语,也可以接从句,意为“……很久以前”;有时也可以单独使用作时间状语。注意:before long意为“不久,不久以后”,相当于soon,与将来时、过去时等连用,但不可以接从句。
例如:
The excited children came to the theatre long before the concert began.
在音乐会开始之前很久,孩子们就到了剧院。
Long before, there was a big museum in the corner of the street.
很久以前,这里的拐角处有一座大博物馆。
Before long he went to Canada to continue his further education.
不久他去了加拿大继续深造。
come into being意为“形成;产生;成立”。
例如:
The United Nations came into being when the Second World War ended.
联合国是在第二次世界大战结束后成立的。
No one knows when such a custom first came into being.
没人知道这一风俗是何时开始形成的。
难点深究
与come相关的短语有:
come about 发生,造成;
come across 碰到,偶然遇到;
come around 到来,恢复知觉;
come true (梦想等) 实现 ;
come on 开始,打开,快点儿,加油,来呀;come up with 赶上,想出;
come in 进来;
come out 出现,出来(指太阳等),说出,道出,(事情)变清楚;
come over 来访,拜访,过来;
come to 意识到,清醒过来,处理。
17.When scientists inspected the bones, they were surprised to find that these dinosaurs could not only run like the others but also climb trees.(P30)
难句解读
科学家们观察他们的骨头时,惊奇地发现他们不仅跟其他恐龙一样能跑,而且还可以爬树。
inspect
作及物动词,意为“ 检查;视察”。其名词形式有inspector(检查员;查票员),inspection ( 检查;视察)inspectorate (视察团)。
例如:
He got out of the car to inspect the damage.
他下车检查损坏情况。
The building is often inspected by the fire safety officer.
消防安全官经常视查这座大楼。
难点深究
they were surprised to find…是主语+形容词+动词不定式的结构。这一结构中的形容词往往是表示心理活动的,接不定式时,不定式的逻辑主语是句子的主语,主动用to do;被动用to be done,也可以接从句。用于这一句式结构的形容词有:surprised, moved, disappointed, pleased, happy, sad, delighted, sorry, interested, glad, worried, eager, anxious, angry等。
18.According to a UN report, some 844 animals and plants have disappeared in the last 500 years.(P30)
难句解读
根据联合国的一份报告,在过去500年里,大约有844种动植物消失。
according to
意为“根据……所说;按照”。
例如:
According to our records, the books you have borrowed should now be returned to the library.根据我们的记录,你借的书现在应该还给图书室了。
According to George, she is a really good teacher.
按照乔治的说法,她是一位真正的好老师。