高中英语必修4Unit4解析
小编今天整理了关于高中英语必修4Unit4的解析,高中的同学可以看一看,有需要的可以收藏起来参考一下
解答句子
1.There are many different ways to greet someone using words.(P25)
难句解读
用言语问候某人有许多不同的方法。
句中的不定式表目的,using words作方式状语。greet意为“问候,迎接,向……打招呼”,它的名词形式是greeting,意为“问候,招呼”,其复数形式greetings可表示“贺词,问候语”。
例如:
Bill greeted us with a cheerful grin.
比尔笑盈盈地向我们打招呼。
I said good morning to Ann, but it seemed that she didn’t hear my greeting.
我向安道早安,但她似乎并没有听到我的问候。
birthday greetings
生日贺词
2.Yesterday, another student and I, representing our university’s student association, went to the Capital International Airport to meet this year’s international students.(P26)
难句解读
昨天,我和另一个同学代表我们大学的学生会去首都国际机场迎接今年的国际学生。
representing…association作定语,修饰主语another student and I,相当于一个非限制性定语从句,represent在此意为“代表”,它还可意为“象征,描述,作为……的官方或授权代表或代理”。
例如:
The rose represents England.
玫瑰花是英格兰的象征。
The bald eagle represents the United States.
秃鹰象征着美国。
He represented himself as an expert.
他把自己说成是专家。
Our firm is represented in India by Mr.Hall.
我公司驻印度代表是霍尔先生。
association 意为“协会,社团;结合,联合,交往”。
例如:
NBA=National Basketball Association
全国篮球协会
FIFA=Federation of International Football Associations
国际足联,国际足球协会的总体组织。
His English improved greatly for his association with English people.
他和英国人有交往,所以他的英语进步很大。
There has always been close association between these two schools.
这两所学校之间一直都联系紧密。
难点深究
与associate和association相关的词组有:
associate…with…把……和……联系在一起,联想;
associate with…与……交往;
in association with…与……联手。
例如:
Many people associate dark clouds with depression and gloom.
许多人把乌云与沮丧、阴郁联系起来。
She associates with good
companions.
她和良友结交。
We are working in association with a foreign company to further improve the quality and value of our products.
我们与一家外企联合以进一步提高我们产品的质量和价值。
3.After half an hour of waiting for their flight to arrive, I saw several young people enter the waiting area looking around curiously.(P26)
难句解读
在等了半个小时之后,我看见几个年轻人走进了等候区,好奇地向四周张望。
looking around curiously是现在分词短语作enter的伴随状语。flight在此意为“班机”,它还可意为“飞行,飞翔,航空旅行,(阶梯的)一段”。
例如:
I’ll book you on a direct flight to London.
我将为你预订直飞伦敦的航班。
Did you have a good flight?
乘机旅行愉快吗?
There was no lift and we had to climb six flights of stairs.
没有电梯,我们得爬六段楼梯。
难点深究
与curious和curiosity相关的词组有:
be curious about对……好奇;
be curious to do急于做……;
out of curiosity出于好奇;
in/with curiosity好奇地。
例如:
Harry is curious about the new neighbors who moved in yesterday.
哈利对昨天搬进来的新邻居很好奇。
A student should always be curious to learn.
学生应该时刻具有强烈的求知欲。
When we were digging on the roadside, many passers by stopped to look at us out of curiosity.
当我们在路边挖地时,许多过路人出于好奇,停下来看我们工作。
The boy entered the big strange house with curiosity.
男孩带着好奇走进了这个怪异的大房子。
4.Tony approached Julia, touched her shoulder and kissed her on the cheek!(P26)
难句解读
托尼走近朱莉娅,摸了摸她的肩,并亲了她的脸!
approach
作动词时,意为“(在空间或时间上)接近,靠近(某人/某事物)”,作名词时意为“接近;道路,方法,手段”,the approach to (doing) sth.意为“做某事的方法/途径”。
例如:
The time is approaching when we must think about buying a new house.
我们要想一想买新房子的事了,时机即将来临。
The approach of winter brings cold weather.
冬天临近,天气变冷。
What’s the best approach to teaching English?
教英语的最好方法是什么?
“主语+vt.+sb.+介词+the+身体部位”为习惯结构。常用于这个结构的动词有:strike, take, lead, hit, beat, pat, knock等。
例如:
hit sb.in the face
打某人的脸
pat sb.on the shoulder
拍某人的肩
kiss sb.on the cheek
亲某人的脸颊
难点深究
approach, method, means, way的区别:
approach指学习或研究问题的方法,后接to (doing) sth.;method指颇为复杂的一套方法,而且以效率和准确性为目的,后接of doing;means指为达到某种目的而使用的手段或工具;way指单一技巧或整套操作过程,对于方法或操作过程是好是坏,不作任何评价,后接to do或of doing。四个词有时很难通过意思来区别,可以根据其搭配来作出判断。
例如:
He came up with a new approach to the problem.
他想到解决这个问题的新方法。
I do like to see more scientific methods used.
我愿看到有一些更科学的方法得到使用。
The quickest means of travel is by plane.
最快的交通工具是飞机。
Instead of simply travelling for pleasure, you can use your trip as a way to protect the environment.
不要仅仅为娱乐而旅游,你可以让你的旅行成为保护环境的一种方式。
5.She stepped back appearing surprised and put up her hands, as if in defence.(P26)
难句解读
她后退了几步,看上去有些吃惊,并举起了手,好像是在自卫。
appearing surprised作stepped back的伴随状语。as if后省略了从句的主语和谓语,当as if从句的主语与主句的主语相一致时,as if从句的主语和谓语可以省略。defend意为“防护,防御,保护,保卫”;defence(美式拼写 defense)意为“防御,保卫,防御工事”;in one’s defence意为“自卫”;defend sb. from意为“保护某人免受……”。
例如:
They fought in defence of their country.
他们为保卫祖国而战。
We shall defend our city, whatever the cost may be.
我们应该保卫我们的城市,不论付出多少代价。
When the dog attacked me, I defended myself with a stick.
那条狗攻击我的时候,我用棍子自卫。
During the war, they defend their country from the enemy.
战争期间,他们卫国防敌。
难点深究
defend, protect, guard的区别:
defend 含有采取措施抵制进攻的意思;protect 常含有提供安全的方式来驱开不适、伤害或进攻;guard 含有看守的意思。
例如:
defend the island against invasion
保卫岛屿不受侵犯;
defend his reputation
保护他的声誉;
buy a dog to protect the children from unfriendly strangers
买一条狗保护孩子们避开不友善的陌生人;
wear sunglasses to protect my eyes
戴太阳镜保护我的眼睛;
have to learn to protect ourselves
不得不学会自我保护;
police guarding the entrance to the embassy
看守大使馆出口处的警察;
guard the house against intruders
看守房子以防止侵略者
6.I guessed that there was probably a major misunderstanding.(P26)
难句解读
我猜想这里可能有个大误会。
major
作形容词时,意为“主要的,大部分的,主修的”,作名词时,意为“(大学中的)主修科目”,作动词时,意为“主修”,后接宾语时须用介词in。
例如:
The house needs major repairs.
这幢房子需要大修。
He majored in French when he was at university,but worked as an English teacher after graduation.
他在大学主修法语,但毕业以后却成了英语教师
misunderstanding意为“误解”,它的动词形式是misunderstand。
例如:
His attitude shows that he misunderstands my intention.
他的态度表明他误解了我的意图。
There must be a misunderstanding between the two men.
这两个人之间一定有误会。
难点深究
misunderstanding是由前缀mis+
understand+ing构成,mis前缀表示否定的含义,understanding的否定含义便是“不理解,误解”,含有mis前缀的其他词还有:
misread读错,错误地解释;misuse误用,滥用;mislead误导,使误入歧途;misfortune不幸,灾祸;misfit不合适;misconduct行为不端;misadvice馊主意;misadjustment调整不当。
7.When Darlene Coulon from France came dashing through the door, she recognized Tony Garcia’s smiling face.(P26)
难句解读
法国的达琳·库隆匆忙走进门的时候,她认出了托尼·加西亚微笑的面孔。
dashing through the door作came的伴随状语。dash意为“猛冲,突进”。
例如:
I must dash, I’m late.
我必须跑了,要迟到了。
She dashed into the shop.
她冲进商店。
An ambulance dashed to the scene of the accident.
一辆救护车风驰电掣赶往事发现场。
难点深究
与dash相关的词组还有:
at a dash迅速而利落地,一鼓作气地;
dash sth. off匆匆地写或画;
cut a dash卖弄自己,炫耀自己;
dash off急匆匆完成;
make a dash for (or at) 向……急进,冲向,冲击或溅洒液体(的声音)。
例如:
When the fire broke out in the building, all the people inside made a dash for the street.
当建筑物着火时,里面的所有人都冲向大街。
Let’s make a good preparation at first so that the task can be completed at a dash.
让我们先好好准备,以便迅速而利落地完成任务。
注意dash, rush的区别:
dash指以最快的速度向前奔驰;
rush指因急躁或事务紧急而采取快速行动。
例如:
He dashed across the street and ran towards me.
他冲过马路,向我跑来。
Don’t rush, take your time.
别急,慢慢来。
They all rushed outside to see what was happening.
他们都冲到外面去看发生了什么事。
8.They shook hands and then kissed each other twice on each cheek, since that is the French custom when adults meet people they know.(P26)
难句解读
他们相互握手,然后在对方的脸颊上亲了两次,因为那是成年人与熟人会面时的法国习俗。
since
在此意为“因为”,引导原因状语从句,它还可意为“自从”,引导时间状语从句,它还可意为“后来”,作副词。
例如:
Since you don’t know the answer, I will have to ask someone else.
由于(既然)你不知道答案,我将不得不去问别人。
We have lost contact with him since he left last summer.
自从他去年夏天离去,我们就与他失去了联系。
She moved to Beijing last Autumn and has since worked in a large firm.
她去年秋天移居北京,此后一直在一家大企业工作。
adult在此意为“成年人”,它还可作形容词,意为“成年的,成熟的”。
例如:
Only adults have access to that club.
只有成年人可以进入那所俱乐部。
His adult life was spent in the United States.
他的成年时期是在美国度过的。
His behavior is not particularly adult.
他的行为不太成熟。
难点深究
与adult相关的常用短语有:
adult education成人教育;
adult movie成人电影;
adult male/female成年男性/女性;
adult children成年子女;
adult books成人读物;
adult stage成年期,成熟阶段。
9.Men from Middle Eastern and other Muslim countries will often stand quite close to other men to talk but will usually not touch women.(P26)
难句解读
来自中东或一些穆斯林国家的男士,在谈话时通常站得离其他男士很近,但一般不会与女士接触。
stand close to sb./sth.意为“靠近某人或某物站着”,此处close是副词,意为“接近地,紧密地”。 move close to/get close to意为“靠近某人或某物”。
例如:
The boy standing close to the fire is my brother.
靠近火堆站着的男孩是我的哥哥。
She moved close to her son.
她走近儿子。
They live close to the museum.
他们的住处靠近博物馆。
10.Not all cultures greet each other the same way, nor are they comfortable in the same way with touching or distance between people.(P26)
难句解读
各种文化背景下的人互致问候的方式不尽相同,身体接触和相互间距的程度也不尽相同。
not…nor…表示“既不……也不……”。
例如:
They do not shake hands with women, nor are they likely to kiss women publicly.
他们不和女士握手,也不可能在公开场合亲吻女人。
Not a single coin did he get from the boss,nor did he get a day for rest.
他从老板那儿一个子儿都没得到,也没有得到一天休息。
难点深究
nor引起倒装句,且为部分倒装。含有否定意义的词置于句首往往引起部分倒装,一般有以下几种情况:
1)含有否定意义的副词置于句首。如not, never, seldom, hardly, rarely, little等;
2)含有否定意义的连词置于句首。如:not only…but also, neither…nor…, no sooner…than…, hardly…when, scarcely…when…等;
3)含有否定意义的介词短语置于句首。如:by no means, in no time, in no case, on no account, under no circumstances等;
4)neither, nor(表示否定);so(表示肯定)置于句首,主谓语顺序倒装,表示后面所说情况与前面所说情况相同。
例如:
Never before has this city been in greater need of modern public transport than it is today.
这个城市从未像现在这样需要现代公交设施。
Hardly had he entered the room when the telephone rang.
他刚走进房间电话就响了。
Not only did he speak more correctly, but he spoke more easily.
他不仅说得更正确,而且讲得更不费劲了。
By no means should you tell him about it.
你绝不可以把这个告诉他。
He doesn’t like swimming, neither does his brother.
他不喜欢游泳,他的弟弟也不喜欢。
He is a good student, so are you.
他是好学生,你也是。
not与all, both, whole, every连用,表示部分否定。
例如:
Not all cultures greet each other the same way.
并不是所有文化背景的人都以同样的方式互致问候(各种文化背景的人互致问候的方式不尽相同)。
Both of the sisters don’t like the film.
姐妹俩并非都喜欢这部影片。
若表示完全否定,则用none, neither, nobody, nowhere, never等。
例如:
None of us stole Tom’s money.
我们都没偷汤姆的钱。
The key was nowhere to be found.
那把钥匙到处都找不到。
11.However, people from places like Spain, Italy or South American countries approach others closely and are more likely to touch them.(P26)
难句解读
但是,来自像西班牙、意大利或南美等国家的人会站在离别人很近的地方,而且很可能(用身体)接触对方。
approach
在此作动词,意为“接近,靠近”。be likely to do sth.表示“可能做某事,可能发生某事”。
例如:
It isn’t likely to rain.
不大像要下雨。
She’s very likely to ring me tonight.
她今晚很可能给我打电话。
It’s very likely that she’ll ring me tonight.
很可能今晚她给我打电话。
We will most likely be late.
我们很有可能会迟到。
难点深究
possible, probable, likely的区别:
possible强调客观上的可能性,也暗示实际上希望很小,其常用句型为It is possible for sb. to do sth.或“It is possible+that从句”,作表语时不能用人作主语;probable主要指有根据、合情理、值得相信的事物,含有“大概,很可能”的意思,语气较possible强,常用的句型为“It is probable+that从句”,作表语时不能用人或不定式作主语;likely侧重指从表面看某事很有可能发生,与probable意思相近,既可用人也可用物作主语,常用的句型为It is likely that从句或sb. be likely to do sth.,不能说It is likely for sb.to do sth.。
例如:
The train is likely to be late.
火车可能晚点了。
It seems probable that he will come.
他似乎可能会来。
We’ll come as soon as possible.
我们会尽可能快点来。
She is very likely to enter a key university.
她很有可能进入一所重点大学。
It will soon be possible for most people to shop at home.
不久,大多数人将可能会在家购物。
They’ll probably buy a new car this year.
他们今年可能会买辆新车。
12.In general, though, studying international customs can certainly help avoid difficulties in today’s world of cultural crossroads!(P26)
难句解读
但总的说来,在当今文化交融的世界,学习不同国家的习俗肯定能帮助我们避免交往中的困难。
in general
意为“通常,一般而言,大体上”,它可以与generally speaking互换。
例如:
Generally speaking(In general), I prefer a comedy to a tragedy.
一般说来,我喜欢喜剧甚于喜欢悲剧。
avoid sb./sth.意为“避开某人,避免某事”;avoid doing sth.意为“避免做某事”。
例如:
I crossed the street to avoid him, but he saw me and came running towards me.
我过马路以避开他,但他看到了我并朝我跑过来。
The boy tried to avoid a punishment.
男孩尽量避免被罚。
She tried to avoid my question.
她试图避而不答我的问题。
To avoid the city center, turn right here.
要避开市中心,在这儿向右转。
13.He had met Julie a few weeks ago at a job fair and was impressed with her spoken English.(P28)
难句解读
几个星期前,他在一次人才招聘会上遇到朱丽叶,被她的英语口语所打动。
impress
为及物动词,是“给……以深刻印象, 使铭记;使感动”之意。
impress的常用搭配及表达有:
impress sth. on/upon sb.使某人铭记某事;
impress sth. on/upon one’s mind/memory 把某事深深地记在心里;
impress+名词(常用于被动语态,不用于进行时)。
例如:
Our teacher impressed us with the importance of industry and economy.
老师要我们牢牢记住勤奋节俭的重要性。
My father impressed me with the importance of hard work.
我父亲使我明白了努力工作的重要性。
His words impressed me on my memory.
他的话铭刻在我的记忆里。
难点深究
impress的名词形式为impression,意为“印象,感想”,常用表达为:
have/leave/make a/an....impression on sb.给某人留下……印象。impressive是impress的形容词形式,意为“令人印象深刻的,感人的”。
例如:
His first speech as president made a strong impression on his audience.
他当会长后的第一次演讲给听众留下了深刻的印象。
He gives the impression of being a hard worker/that he works hard.
他给人的印象是工作很努力。
His heroic action has left a deep impression on people’ s minds.
他的英雄行为在人民心里留下了深刻的印象。
an impressive ceremony/building/
speech/performance
令人难忘的仪式、建筑、讲话、演出
14.It is possible to “read” others around us, even if they do not intend for us to catch their unspoken communication.(P30)
难句解读
但我们还是有可能“读懂”身边的人,即使他们不想让我们知道他们的无言的交流。
It is possible to do sth.表示“可能做某事”,even if/even though表示“即使,虽然”,引导让步状语从句,intend for sb. to do sth.表示“(原)打算让某人做某事”,catch的原意是“捕捉”,在此意为“理解”,unspoken意为“未说出口的,无言的”。
例如:
unspoken fears of failure
对失败的无言的惧怕。
难点深究
un前缀置于过去分词前构成形容词:
unspoken未说出口的,无言的;
unpaid没有报酬的;
uneducated没受过良好教育的;
unemployed失业的;
unsettled没有解决的;
undesigned非故意的,非有计划的;
unskilled不熟练的。
15.The most universal facial expression is, of course, the smile—its function is to show happiness and put people at ease.(P30)
难句解读
最大众化的表情当然是笑了——它的作用是表达幸福感并使人感觉安逸。
facial
意为“面部的”,function在此为名词,意为“功能,作用”,它还可作动词,意为“起作用”,put sb.at ease表示“使某人感到安逸”,at ease意为“安逸的,舒适的”,ease还可作动词,意为“减轻,缓和”。
例如:
I don’t feel at ease in the strange place.
我在这个陌生的地方感觉不自在。
He took some medicine and his headache was eased.
他服了一些药,头痛减轻了。
难点深究
与ease相关的词组还有:
with ease (军队口令)稍息;
put/set sb. at (his ease) 使某人感到轻松自在;
ease out (使)悄然离开;
take one’s ease使自己轻松一下,休息;
ease off(病) 减轻,缓和,放松;
ease of mind心情舒畅。
16.There are unhappy smiles, such as when someone “loses face” and smiles to hide it.(P30)
难句解读
也有不开心的笑,比如有些人在“丢脸”时,就会以笑容来掩饰。
lose(one’s) face意为“丢(某人的)脸,失面子”。
例如:
The young man lost his face in public by being caught stealing in the supermarket.
这个年轻人在超市偷东西被抓到,他在大庭广众之下丢尽了颜面。
难点深究
与lose相关的词组还有:
lose heart灰心,气馁;
lose weight减肥;
lose one’s temper发脾气;
lose one’s way迷路;
lose mind发疯,失去理智。
与face相关的词组还有:
face to face面对面地;
face the music面对批评,接受惩罚;
save (one’s) face挽回面子;
a long face郁闷的表情,愁眉苦脸。
例如:
He would never lose heart even if he always suffered from failure.
即使他总是遭遇失败,他也不会灰心。
Lucy runs every morning to lose weight.
露西每天早晨跑步减肥。
The traveller lost his way in the forest.
旅行者在森林里迷路了。
17.In most places around the world, frowning and turning one’s back to someone shows anger.(P30)
难句解读
在世界大多数地方,皱眉和背向某人表示愤怒。
turn one’s back to意为“背对,背弃”,turn在此意为“旋转”,back在此意为“后背”,to在此作介词,后接名词,不是不定式。
例如:
Turn your back to the blackboard and face all the students.
背对着黑板,面朝向所有的学生。
The guy turned his back to his organization ten years ago.
那家伙10年前背叛了他的组织。
难点深究
和turn one’s back to一样后接名词或动名词的类似词组有:
turn to求助于,转向;
be (get) used to习惯于;
pay attention to注意;
lead to通向,导致;
object to反对;
stick to坚持;look forward to盼望。
18.Looking away from people or yawning will, in most cases, make me appear to be uninterested.(P30)
难句解读
在多数情况下,把眼光从人们身上移开或者打个哈欠,会使我看上去(对此人或此事)不感兴趣。
look away from 意为“从……转移目光”。yawning意为“打哈欠”。
例如:
Don’t look away from me when I’m speaking to you.
当我和你说话时看着我,不要看别处。
She looked away from the terrible scene.
她调过头去,不忍看那一幕惨象。
in most cases意为“在大多数情况下”。
例如:
In most cases, nodding the head means agreement.
在多数情况下,点头意味着赞同。
难点深究
与look away from相类似的词组有:
look sb. in the eye直视某人,看着某人的眼睛。
与in most cases相类似的词组有:
in some cases在一些情况下;
in no case决不,在任何情况下都不;
in any case无论如何,不管怎样;
in that case如果那样的话。
例如:
I would in no case tell others about your secret.
我决不会向他人泄露你的秘密。
In any case, you must complete the task on time.
你无论如何必须按时完成任务。