近五年高考英语听力场景词汇
高考考试的对话内容场景基本上都是考生所熟悉的，有校园、生活、工作、各种社交场所。了解一些场景下的常用语和常见表达对解题是很有帮助的。对这些常用词汇和短语不仅要知道其本身的意思，还要知道它们的同义表达方式。这是因为现在听力试题一般不会在选项中出现对话中的原词和词组。以下场景是对话当中所占比例最大的，掌握了这些场景下的常用短语和表达方式，也就从词汇和短语方面抓住了解题的关键。
(1)餐馆场景：
restaurant餐馆; cafeteria 自助餐厅;
buffet 自助餐; canteen;dining hall 食堂，餐厅;
coffee shop;cafe咖啡屋 ;
snack bar 小吃街、大排挡
【go out for dinner / dinner out / eat out 出去吃饭】
waiter/waitress 男/女服务生;
order 点菜 ;serve 上菜 ;
menu 菜单;bill 账单
【pay the bill 付账】
tip 小费;change 零钱
【Keep the change! 不用找零钱了! 】
treat 请客
【This is my treat!、 It’s on me!我请客! 】
【go Dutch ;Let’s go fifty fifty. AA制】
【Help yourself. 请随便吃】
knife刀;fork叉;chopsticks筷子;
spoon勺子;plate碟子;tray 托盘;
appetizer 开胃菜;dessert甜品，水果;
soup 汤 ;steak 牛排;cheese奶酪 ;
sandwich 三明治;hamburger 汉堡包;
French fries 炸薯条;pizza 披萨;
bacon 培根 ; chicken鸡肉;
beef牛肉;pork猪肉
drink 喝，饮料;wine 红酒;
coke 可口可乐;
coffee咖啡;dressing 调味酱;
pepper胡椒;ketchup 番茄酱;
delicious、yummy 可口的;rare半熟的
(2)邮局场景：
stamp邮票;envelope 信封;
package / parcel 包裹;
parcel form包裹单;zip code邮编;
weight重量;overweight 超重;
postage邮费;extra postage 额外邮资;insurance保险;
send / post / deliver a letter / mail 寄 /发信;
delivery投递，传送;claim领取;
express mail 快件;EMS特快专递;
airmail 航空信件; surface mail 平邮;
ordinary letter平信;
registered letter挂号信。
(3)图书馆场景：
library card借书证;
borrow借入;lend借出;
keep持有，保管，存放;renew续借;return归还;
overdue 借书逾期;pay a fine 交罚款;
librarian 图书管理员;bookshelf书架;
novel小说;science fiction科幻小说;
magazine杂志; periodical期刊;reference book参考书;
(4)校园场景：
tuition学费; scholarship奖学金;
term/semester 学期;seminar研讨班;
presentation 课堂发言;
assignment/homework作业;register 注册;
be absent 缺席;final exam 期末考试;
review/ go over复习; fail/pass不及格/通过;
cut a class逃课; graduate毕业; stationery文具;
essay论文;paper试卷;
attend a lecture 听讲座 textbook 课本;
classroom 教师;laboratory实验室;
mark/grade 成绩;course 课程;
subject 学科;playground 操场
(5)医院及健康场景：
doctor医生;dentist牙医;physician内科医生;
surgeon外科医生;nurse护士;
hospital医院;clinic 诊所;
Health Center医疗中心;
emergency room/ department 急诊室;
emergent treatment急救处理;
first aid 急救;treatment治疗手段;
check up 检查;physical examination体检;
take one’s temperature / blood pressure
测量体温/血压;
show one’s tongue伸出舌头;
write a prescription开处方;
give an injection打针;
visiting hours 探视时间
medicine药;pills / tablets药丸/药片;
aspirin 阿司匹林; suffer from受…苦;
pain疼痛;headache头痛;stomachache肚子痛;
backache背痛;sore-throat喉咙痛;
cough咳嗽;fever发烧;cold / flu 感冒/流感
【have/catch a cold患感冒】;
heart attack 心脏病;dizzy眩晕的;
——What’s up? / How is it going? / How are you?
——I’m fine. / I feel good/ terrific. / I couldn’t be better. / Nothing is very wrong with me. 好。
I am not feeling good. / I feel terrible/horrible/awful. / I am not myself these days. 不好。
(注意听语气：身体好的时候，语调上扬，语气非常欢快; 身体不好的时候，降调，语气非常郁闷。)
(6)电话场景：
operator 接线员
【Extension six two two six, please.请转6226。The line is bad/ busy / engaged. It kept a busy line. 电话占线。】
long distance call 长途电话;
collect call 对方付费电话;put through 接通电话;
leave a message留口信;
dial the wrong number拨错号码;
call/ telephone/ ring/ phone sb.;
give sb. a call/ ring给某人打电话;
——Hello! This is …speaking. 您好，我是…。
——Who’s speaking?/Who is that? 您是谁?
Hold on /Hold the line, please. 请稍等,别挂断。
I’ll call back later / again. I’ll ring him / her up again.我一会儿再打。
I couldn’t get through.打不通;
Sorry, I’m afraid you have the wrong number.对不起，您拨错号啦。
(7)酒店场景：
make a reservation 预定房间;
reception desk 接待处;
reception服务台;receptionist 服务员;
accommodation住宿; registration登记;
check in 入住;check out 结帐;
Identity/ID card 身份证;fill out a form填表;
single room 单间;double room双人间;
suite套间;room number房间号;
room key房间钥匙;room service客房服务;
wake-up call叫醒电话
Do you have a reservation Sir?先生，您预订了吗?
Have you got any vacant room? (= Is there any room available here?) 有空房间吗?
All the room are occupied. 房间已满。
Can I have a suite please?有套间吗?
How much do you charge for that? 如何收费?
Smoking or no smoking? 吸烟或不吸烟?
Meals included. 包括饮食。
Can I show you your room? 我可以带你去你的房间?
Can I carry your luggage?我可以帮你提行李吗?
(8)交通场景：
plane飞机;ship轮船;bus 公交车;
coach长途客车;train火车;
subway/underground 地铁;
railway 铁路;highway 公路;
sidewalk/pavement人行道;
one-way street 单行道;
rush hour交通高峰期; crowded拥挤的;
heavy traffic拥挤的交通; traffic jam交通阻塞;
traffic rules交通规则; traffic lights交通灯;
driving license驾照; driver司机;
garage修车厂、车库;
car accident/crash车祸;speed超速;r
un the red light闯红灯; flat tire爆胎;
scratches刮蹭;fix/repair修理;survive幸存
by plane/air乘飞机; by sea/land水路、陆路;
by subway/underground 乘地铁;
transfer换乘、转机
May I see your license, please?
我可以看看你的驾照，好吗?
You will be fined by $20.
你将处以20元的罚款。
(9)机场场景：
airline航空公司;airway 航线;flight 航班;
book/serve预定; behind schedule 晚点;
cancel取消;customs海关; security check安检;
passport护照;visa签证;
departure lounge 候机室;
departure gate登机口;check in 办理登机手续;
on board登机;boarding pass/card 登机牌;
luggage/baggage行李; suitcase行李箱;
take off 起飞;land降落; safe landing安全着陆
bound for…飞往…方向去的;
departure to 前往;destination目的地;
departure time起飞时间;
see sb. off为某人送行; pick up接机
【在飞机上】
a window seat靠窗的座位;
an aisle seat靠走道的座位; captain机长;
pilot飞行员;airhostess/stewardess空姐;
fasten the safety/safe belt系紧安全带;
airsick晕机; jet lag飞机时差反应;
(10)在火车站(At the railway station)：
booking/ticket office售票处;
conductor售票员; train 火车;
express train特快列车; carriage车厢;
dining car餐车;waiting room 候车室;
platform 站台，月台;
one way trip/ticket 单程/单程票;
round trip/ticket往返/往返票;
a hard seat 硬座;a soft seat软座
(11)购物场景：
store 商店;grocery食品店;
department store 百货商场;
shopping center/mall 购物中心;
shop assistant店员;counter 柜台;
receipt 收据;deliver 送货; refund 退款;
bargain便宜货;out of stock 脱销/缺货;
in stock 有货;selling season 销售旺季;
on sale打折; 50% off 打五折;
a 30% discount打七折;
catalogue 产品目录;
Commodity information商品信息;
brand 品牌; size尺码;color颜色;
style样式;price价格;
【What color/size/kind do you want?您需要什么样的颜色/多大尺寸/哪种?】
second-hand 二手的;popular / fashionable 流行的;
in fashion 流行，时尚;
out of fashion 过时的;
商品论贵贱expensive, cheap;
价格论高低high, low;
pay in cash 用现金支付;
pay in check 用支票支付;
credit card 信用卡;
pay by installment 分期付款;
【在服装店(In a clothing store/shop)】
trousers 裤子 clothes 衣服;skirt裙子;
shirt衬衫;jacket夹克;coat上衣;
a bigger size 稍大一点尺寸;
what size 多大尺寸;
this style这种式样;
fit you合你身;try on试穿;match 相配
(12)天气场景：
fine 晴朗的;sunny/bright/clear 阳光明媚的;
overcast 多云;cloudy 阴;humid 湿润的;
wet 潮湿的; rainy有雨的; clear up 天空放晴;
freezing-cold 冰冷的;hot炎热的;cool凉爽的;
warm暖和的;mild温和的;windy有风的;
calm无风的;breeze微风; moderate 风力不大;
strong/ high winds 大风;tornado 龙卷风;
typhoon 台风;fog雾;snow雪;
drizzle毛毛细雨;light rain小雨;
shower 阵雨;storm 暴风雨;
downpour倾盆大雨;
【It rains cats and dogs.(=The rain is pouring.)下着倾盆大雨】
thunder 打雷; blizzard大风雪;
snowstorm暴风雪;
【weather in London / Seattle 意指不好的天气;weather in California 意指好天气】
经常和天气相联系的情况：
vacation(假期) 和 flight(航班)
(be delayed延误/cancelled取消by the bad weather)。
put away clothes 下雨收衣服;
(13)银行场景：
business hour 营业时间;deposit存款;
withdraw 取款;open an account 开户;
savings account 储蓄账户;
check account 支票账户;
interest rate 利率;cash a check兑现支票
(14)常见的身份与职业：
part-time job 兼职工作; full-time job 全职工作
psychologist心理学家;principal校长;
professor 教授;postman 邮递员;
driver司机;policeman 警察;
firefighter 消防员;assistant 助手/助教;
receptionist接待员;typist 打字员;
cashier收纳;waiter 服务员;
passenger 乘客;ticket seller 售票员;
conductor 售票员，列车长;
salesman销售员;nurse 护士;
housewife 家庭主妇;lawyer律师;
engineer 工程师;architect建筑师;
chef厨师;guide 导游;
reporter/journalist 记者;editor 编辑;
author作家;pianist钢琴家;
musician音乐家;singer歌手;
photographer 摄影师;artist艺术家;
designer设计师;scientist科学家;
barber理发师;butcher屠夫;tailor裁缝
(15)人物关系relationship：
strangers陌生人;neighbors邻居;
classmates同学;colleagues/co-workers同事;
friends朋友; husband and wife 夫妻;
guest and receptionist客人与接待员;
doctor and patient医生与病人;
teacher and student师生;
boss and secretary老板和秘书;
policeman and driver警察与司机;
interviewer and interviewee面试官与面试者;
employer and employee 雇主与员工;
shop assistant/waiter and customer营业员与顾客;
parent and child 父母与子女
(14)工作：
job opportunity 工作机会;interview面试;
resume简历;educational background教育背景;
application letter 求职信;recommendation 推荐信;
certificate 助手;qualification资历;
experience 经验;position 职位;salary 薪水;
allowance津贴;promotion晋升;vacation休假;
break 短暂休息;retire 退休;work overtime加班;
shift work 倒班工作;ask for leave 请假;
sick leave 病假;have a week off 休一周假;
clerk职员;secretary秘书;manager经理;
HR manager人事经理;general manager总经理;
client客户
(15)兴趣爱好：
hobby 兴趣; entertainment 娱乐;
go to the cinema/movies/theatre 去看电影;
comedy喜剧;tragedy悲剧;
action movie 动作片;cartoon 动画片;
documentary 纪录片;thriller 惊悚片;
horror film恐怖片;detective movie侦探片;
western film西部片;soap opera 肥皂剧
hiking 徒步旅行;camping野营;
diving潜水;surfing冲浪;skiing滑雪;
seashore 海岸;beach海滩;
sun-burnt 晒黑的;palace宫殿;castle城堡
(16)运动：
competition 竞赛;sports field运动场;
club俱乐部;sportsman/athlete/player运动员;
coach教练;champion冠军;
gold/silver/bronze medal金/银/铜牌;
basketball篮球;football美式足球;
soccer英式足球;volleyball排球;
baseball棒球;tennis网球;
table tennis乒乓球;golf高尔夫;
jogging慢跑;swimming游泳;
wrestling摔跤;shooting射击;
boxing拳击;weightlifting举重;
relay race接力赛;
break the world record 打破世界纪录
(17)观光旅游：
vacation/holiday 假日;
historical spots/relics 古迹;scenery 风景;
museum博物馆;mountain山脉;river河流;
lake 湖泊;waterfall瀑布;beach 沙滩;
island 岛屿;lawn 草地;temple寺庙;
zoo动物园;travel/trip/tour/voyage
旅行;travel agency 旅行社;
a guided tour 有导游的旅行;
go sightseeing观光; hotel 宾馆;
souvenir 纪念品;ticket 票
景点评论：
fascinating/breathtaking 激动人心的;
thrilling 刺激的;refreshing清爽的;
unforgettable难忘的;
terrific/ fantastic极好的;
(18)租房：
landlord 房东;landlady女房东;
rent租/租金;deposit押金;contract合同;
furnished 有家具电器的;furniture 家具;
heat暖气;gas煤气;electricity 电;
lift 电梯;stairs 楼梯;balcony阳台;
living room起居室;guest room客厅;
dinning room 餐厅;kitchen 厨房;
bathroom 浴室;toilet 卫生间;
basement 地下室
(19)日常生活：
housework 家务;channel频道;
cook烹饪;dining table饭桌;fridge冰箱;
television电视;oven烤箱;cabinet 橱柜;
dishwasher洗碗机;sheet床单;
blanket毯子;carpet地毯;curtain窗帘;
towel毛巾;shampoo洗发水;
soap肥皂;haircut理发;shaver剃须刀