8年级上册英语语法和短语二
八年级也是是北美中学教育的一个年段，台湾原称“国二”，现也更改为“八年级”，香港称作“中二”。下面是学习啦小编给大家整理的8年级上册英语语法和短语二，供大家参阅!
8年级上册英语语法和短语二：Unit6
Unit6 Im going to study computer science.
本单元的话题：谈论自己将来的计划或打算。
本单元的语法：学习一般将来时be going to do sth。
be going to + 动词原形——表示将来的打算、计划或安排。常与表示将来的tomorrow, next year等时间状语或when 引导的时间状语从句连用。
I am going to visit my grandparents this Sunday.这个星期天我打算去看望我的爷爷奶奶。 Are you going to play basketball with me tomorrow?你打算明天和我一起打篮球吗? What are you going to do when you grow up?你长大了打算干什么?
肯定句：主语 + be going to + 动词原形 + 其他。
He is going to take the bus there.他打算乘坐公交车去那里。
否定句：主语 + be not going to + 动词原形 + 其他
I’m not going to see my friends this weekend.这个周末我不打算渴望我的朋友。 一般疑问句：Be + 主语 + going to + 动词原形 + 其他
肯定回答： Yes, 主语 + be. 否定回答： No, 主语 + be not.
Are you going to see your friends this weekend? Yes ,I am. / No, I’m not.
特殊疑问句：疑问词 + be + 主语 + going to + 动词原形 + 其他?
What is he going to do this weekend? 这个周末他打算干什么?
本单元的短语和知识点：
1.(P41，1a)词性转换：science (名词，科学)—scientist(名词，科学家)
violin(名词，小提琴)--violinst(名词，小提琴家)piano(名词，钢琴)-- pianist(名词，钢琴家)
2.(P41，1c)grow up成长，长大
3.(P42，2d,3行)be good at+名词\代词\动词+ing:擅长„ (math为名词，speak为动词) He is good at math,but he isn’t good at speaking English.他擅长数学，但是不擅长说英语。
4.(P42，2d,8行)keep on doing sth: 继续做某事
He still keeps on learning English.他仍然继续学习英语。
5.(P42，2d,10行)be sure about:确信，对„有把握
His mother isn’t sure about his study.他的妈妈对他的学习没有把握。
6. (P43，语法表格3行) move to +地点：搬(家)到某地
He moved to Beijing last year.去年他搬家到北京。
7. (P43，3a,c行h行)take singing\acting lessons上歌唱课\上表演课=have singing\acting lessons
8. (P43，3c,4行) send sb sth = send sth to sb寄\送给某人某物
His grandfather often sends him money.他的爷爷经常给他寄钱。
= His grandfather often sends money to him.
9. (P44,1a) learn to do sth学会做某事
He learned to cook when he was five years old.他五岁学会做饭。
10. (P44,1a) play the piano弹钢琴 make the soccer team组建足球队 get good grades取得好的成绩eat healthier food吃更健康的食品 get lots of exercise进行大量锻炼
11.(P44,1b) foreign language外国语言
12. (P44,1e) study hard努力学习We must study English hard.我们必须努力学习英语。
13. (P45,2b,1段3行)most of the time大多数时间
14. .(P45,2b,右上角) the meaning of： „的意思/含义
He didn't know the meaning of the word.他不知道这个单词的意思。
Can you tell me the meaning of the word “TV”?你能告诉我TV这个单词的意思吗?
15.(P45,2b,1段)make promises许诺，
get back from+地点：从„回来He will get back from Beijing in 3 days.三天后他将从北京回来。 at the beginning of 在„开始的时候, write down写下/记下，
16. (P45,2b,1段倒数3行)help sb (to) do sth帮助某人做某事
help sb with sth在某方面帮助某人 (两个句型常常可以互换)
He often helps me (to) study English.他经常帮助我学习英语。
= He often helps me with my English.他经常在英语上帮助我。
17. (P45,2b,2段1行)different kinds of不同种类的have to do with关于，与„有关系,take up开始从事
18. (P45,2b,3段1行)although(虽然，即使)在句子中不能与but连用，但是可以与yet ,still 连用。 Although he is old ,he is quite strong .他虽然年龄大了，但身体很健壮。Although it is dark ,they are still working .虽然天黑了，但他们仍在工作。
19. (P45,2b,3段2行)hardly ever 几乎不
20. (P45,2b,3段2行) too+形容词+to do sth：太„以至于不能„
so+形容词+that+句子：如此„以至于„
形容词+enough to do sth：足够„能够做某事(注意三个句型有时可以互相转换)
He is so young that he can′t go to school.他如此年轻以至于不能去上学。
= He is too young to go to school.他太年轻了以至于不能去上学。
= He isn′t old enough to go to school.
21. (P45,2b,3段5行) for this reason为此
22.(P47,3a,2段4行)make sb+形容词：让某人怎么样
The good news made us happy.这个好消息让我们非常高兴。(注意：news为不可数名词)
23.(P47,33,3段)how to do better at school为“疑问词+不定式”即“疑问词+to do sth” He didn’t know when to start.他不知道什么时候开始。
24.(P48,self check,2)go to university去上大学
8年级上册英语语法和短语二：Unit 7
Unit 7 Will people have robots?
本单元的话题：谈论对未来的语言，学习一般将来时will do sth。
本单元的语法：学习一般将来时will do sth。
一般将来时由“助动词will / shall + 动词原型”构成，表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表示将来的时间状语如tomorrow、next week，in 2 days(2天之后)等连用。) (will not= won’t)
例如：We will visit the old man next week.下周我们将要看望这位老人。
She will finish the work in 2 weeks.她将在两周后完成这项工作。
一般疑问句：把肯定句中的will 提到句首即可。以上两句的一般疑问句为：
Will you visit the old man next week? Yes,we will.\No, we won’t .
Will she finish the work in 2 weeks? Yes,she will.\No, she won’t .
否定句：把肯定句中的will 变为won’t即可。以上两句的否定句为：
We won’t visit the old man next week. She won’t finish the work in 2 weeks.
本单元的短语和知识点：
1.(P49,图片)There be结构：There be(is/are/was/were)+某物/某人+某地/某时
“There be结构”的一般现在时：There is/are+某物/某人+某地/某时
There are 600 students in our school.在我们学校有600个学生。
一般过去时：There was/were+某物/某人+某地/某时
There was a school ten years ago. 10年前这里有所学校。
一般将来时：There will be+某物/某人+某地/某时.= There is going to be+某物/某人+某地/某时. There will be a sport meeting next week.
=There is going to be a sport meeting next weeek.下周将有场运动会。
2.(P49,1a)on computers在电脑上, on paper在纸上
3.(P50,2a可数名词复数
：有一些、有几个 不可数名词：有一些
可数名词复数：几乎没有(表示否定)不可数名词：几乎没有(表示否定) 不可数名词：很多，许多 There will be less polution 在未来将会有更少的污染。(polution为不可数名词) We should plant more trees.我们应该种更多的树。(tree为可数名词)
There will be fewer cars in the future.在未来将会有更少的汽车。(car为可数名词)
4.(P50,2d)in(great)danger在(极度)危险中on the earth在地球上save the earth拯救地球
5.(P50,2d)play a part (in doing sth):参与(做某事)
We should play a part in planting trees every year.每年我们应该参与植树。
6.(P51,语法表格2行)in+一段时间：在„之后(多用于一般将来时)
He will come back in 2 days.两天之后他将回来。→How soon will he come back?多久他将回来?
7.(P53,2b,1段2行)help with sth在某方面帮忙
He often helps with housework at home.他经常在家帮助做家务。
8.(P53,2b,2段1行)Today there are already robots working in factories.现在有许多机器人正在工厂里工作。
句型 There is\are sb doing sth.有某人正在做某事。 There is a cat eating fish.有只猫正在吃鱼。
9.(P53,2b,3段1行)make sb do sth:让某人做某事
My mother often makes me clean my room.我的妈妈经常让我打扫我的房间。
10.(P53,2b,4段2hundreds of+名词：成百上千的„，许多„(表示模糊数字)
数字+ hundred +名词：几百„(表示具体数字)
He has hundreds of book.他有很多书。He bought two hundred books.他买了二百本书。
11.(P53,2b,4段7行)seem to do sth:好像做某事I seem to know him.我好像认识他。
seem (to be)+形容词:好像怎么样 He seems (to be) angry.他好像生气了。
12.(P54,2d,4行)at some point: 在某些方面
13.(P55,3a,4行)free time空闲时间 in one’s free time在某人空闲时间
He often studies English in his free time.他经常在空闲时间学习英语。
8年级上册英语语法和短语二：Unit 8
Unit 8 How do you make a banana milk shake?
本单元的话题：描述做事情的顺序和过程。(First首先,Next下面,Then然后,Finally最后)
本单元的语法：复习一般现在时。
本单元的短语和知识点：
打开调大
关上调小
请打开灯。
My father is sleeping,please turn down the radio.爸爸正在睡觉，请把收音机声音调小。
可数名词复数：多少„
How much+不可数名词：多少„
He has eight books.他有八本书。→How many books does he have?他有多少本书?
How much water does he need?他需要多少水?
3. (P58,2a) 量词的用法：不可数名词常用“数字+量词+不可数名词”来表示。如：
a piece of bread一片面包 比较：two pieces of bread两片面包(bread为不可数名词)
a glass of orange 一玻璃杯橘子汁 one spoon of butter 一勺黄油
4.(P58,2d)说明做某事的顺序为：
First„首先，Next„下面，Then„然后，Finally„最后
5.(P58,2d末行)one more thing = another one thing
基数词 + more + 名词 = another + 基数词 + 名词：又多少某物
He ate an apple,he wanted to eat two more apples.他吃了一个苹果，还想再吃两个。
6.(P59，3c)Do you know how to plant trees?你知道如何种树吗?
how to do sth.怎样做某事 (疑问词后跟动词须加to,即“疑问词 to do sth”)
He doesn’t know how to turn on the computer.他不知道如何打开电脑。
7.(P61,2b,4行)It’s time (for sb) to do sth是某人该做某事的时间了。
It’s time for us to have lunch.是我们该吃午饭的时候了。
It’s time for sth是该做某事的时间了。It’s time for the class.是该上课的时候了。
8.(P61,2b,1段倒数3行)by doing sth：通过„方式
He learned English by listening to the radio.它通过听收音机学习英语。
9.(P61,2b,2段)fill„with„ 用„装满， cover„with„ 用„盖住
10.(P63，3a,3行)need to do sth:需要做某事He needs to buy a new pen.他需要买一枝新钢笔。
8年级上册英语语法和短语二：Unit 9
Unit 9 Can you come to my party?
本单元的话题：学会发出、接受或拒绝邀请。 本单元的语法：复习情态动词。
本单元的短语和知识点：
1.(P65,图片)on Saturday afternoon 在星期六下午，在具体哪一天的是上午、下午或晚上用on,例如：on Sunday evening在星期天的晚上
2.(P65,图片)have to 必须(后跟动词原形)He has to get up early.他必须早起。→(一般疑问句)Does he get up early? Yes,he does.\No,he doesn’t.
(否定句)He doesn’t have to get up early.他没有必要早起。
3.(P65,图片)How about +名词\代词\V•ing: „怎么样?(用来征询意见或提出建议)
How about=What about I like apples，how about you?我喜欢苹果，你呢?(you为代词)
How about going shopping this afternoon?今天下午去购物怎么样?(go为动词)
4. (P65,想要某物Jim would like a new pen .吉姆香要一支钢笔。
想做某事He’d like to watch TV.
Would you like to do sth ? 你愿意做...?(用来提出建议或征求对方意见)
------would you like to go shopping with me ? 你想和我一起去买东西吗?
------Yes,I’d love to ，but I’m doing my homework.我想去,但是我现在正在做家庭作业。
(=Sorry, I’m doing my homework.非常抱歉，我正在做家庭作业。)
5.(P65,1a)prepare for sth为„做准备
They are preparing for the work.他们正在为这项工作做准备。
6.(P65,1a)go to the doctor去看病have the flu 患流感help my parents给父母帮忙
7.(P66,2c)too much+不可数名词：许多，很多He has too much homework to do.他有很多家庭作业要做。 too many+可数名词复数:许多，很多They bought too many books yesterday.昨天他买了很多书。
much too+形容词\副词：太„，非常„ His father is much too busy.他爸爸非常忙。
8.(P66,2d,8行)have an exam考试
9.(P66,2d,倒数3行)until 的用法:<1>若动词为延续性动词则用肯定句式
He studied until 21:00pm.他一直学习到晚上九点。
<2>若动词为非延续性动词，则用not„.until„.(直到。。。。才。。。。)
He didn’t go to bed until his father came back.他一直到他爸爸回来才上床睡觉。
10.(P67,语法表格)study for a math test为数学考试做准备go to the party参加聚会
11.(P68,1c)What’s today?今天几号?Its Monday,the 14th.今天星期一，十四号。
补充：what day is it today?今天星期几? it’s Monday今天星期一。
th What’s the date today?今天几月几日?It’s October 20 .今天10月20日。
12.(P68,1d)go to the doctor去看病 have a piano lesson上钢琴课
13.(P68,1d)look after 照看，照料 = take care of
She is old to look after his brother她足够大了能够照看她的弟弟。
take good care of =look after„well好好照顾，好好照料
We should take good care of the children.
= We should look after the children well.我们应该好好照料儿童。
14.(P69,2d)accept an invitation 接受邀请 make an invitation发出邀请
turn down an invitation拒绝邀请
15.(P69,2d，1段1行)感叹句的类型：
⑴ What a∕an+adj+可数名词单数 (+主语+谓语)!
What +adj+可数名词复数∕不可数名词 (+主语+谓语)!
What a fine day (it is) !多么好的天啊! (day为可数名词单数)
What an interesting book it is !多么有趣的一本书啊!(book为可数名词单数)
What beautiful flowers they are !多么漂亮的花啊! (flowers为可数名词复数)
What bad weather it is!多么糟糕的天气啊!(weather为不可数名词)
⑵ How +adj +主语+(谓语中的)系动词!
How +adv +主语+(谓语中的)实义动词!
How happy I am!我多麽高兴啊! (happy为adj,am为系动词)
How hard they are working !他们工作多么努力啊!(hard为adv,work为实义动词)
点拨：陈述句改为感叹句，可以采用“一判、二定、三移”。
一判：是判断出陈述句谓语动词后的中心词的词性(adj∕adv∕n);
二定：是根据判断出来的结果来确定引导词(中心词为名词用What;中心词为形容词或副词用How;) 三移：就是把主语和谓语移到后面。
注意：在感叹句中，不得出现so,very，very much等表示程度的单词。
例如：①Our school is beautiful .
一判：beautiful为形容词;二定：beautiful为形容词，用How 来引导;三移：把Our school is移到How beautiful后面，即为感叹句How beautiful our school is!
②He is a clever boy.
一判：boy为名词;二定：boy为名词，用What来引导;三移：把He is移到What a clever boy 后面，即为感叹句What a clever boy he is!
③He studies English well.
一判：well为副词;二定：well为副词，用How 来引导;三移：把He studies移到How well后面，即为感叹句How well he studies!
练习：将下列句子变为感叹句。①The room is very bright.
② We live a happy life today. ③It is a nice present. ④This is difficult problem. ⑤She played the piano wonderfully.
答案：①How bright the room is! ②What a happy life we live today. ③What a nice present it is!④What a difficult problem this is! ⑤How wonderfully she played the piano !
16.(P69,2d，1段2行)the (best) way to do sth:做某事的(最好)方法
The best way to learn English学习英语的最好方法
17.(P69,2d，2段1行)thanks for+名词\V•ing:为什么而感谢
Thanks for your invitation.谢谢你的邀请。(invitation为名词)
Thanks for helping me.谢谢你帮助我。(help为动词)
18.(P69,2d，2段2行)take a trip参加郊游，at the end of this month在本月底
19.(P69,2d，3段2行)go back to+地点：回到某地
He will go back to Beijing in 2 days.两天后他将回北京。
20.(P69,2d，3段3行)have a surprise party for sb为某人举办一个惊喜的晚会
21.(P69,2d，3段倒数3行)without+名词\代词\ V•ing：没有„
He can’t finish the work without our help.没有我们的帮助，他不能够完成这项工作。(help为名词)
He went to school without having breakfast.他没有吃早饭就去上学。(have为动词)
23.(P69,2d，3段倒数2行)so that作“为了”时，引导目的状语从句，从句常出现情态动词。如：She got up early so that she could catch the bus.为了能赶上车，她起得很早。
24.(P69,2d，末段倒数2行)look forward to +名词\代词\V.ing：期待，盼望
I’m looking forward to buying a new car.我盼望着买辆新车。(buy为动词) The students are looking forward to an English party.学生们正盼望着一个英语晚会。
25.(P69,2d，末段倒数2行)hear from sb.收到某人的来信 = receive a letter from sb.
He often hears from his brother他经常收到他弟弟的来信。
26.(P70,2d末行)make it 在约定的时间内到达，能够来 = arrive in time;
I’m glad you could make it.我非常高兴你能够按时来。
27.(P71,3a,1行)the opening of„ ：开幕/开业
28.(P71,3a,2行)在具体哪一天的上午、下午、晚上用on,比较：
in the morning在早晨 on Sunday morning在星期天的早晨
29.(P71,3a,5行)invite sb to +地点:邀请某人去某地(invite -- invitation )
We invited a scientist to our school last week.上周我们邀请一位科学家到我们学校。
invite sb to do sth 邀请某人做某事I invited him to sing.我邀请去唱歌。
30.(P71,3a,6行)reply in writing 写回信
31.(P71,3a,5)reply to sth / sb：回答某事/回答某人
32.(P72,4)go shopping 购物，do homework做家庭作业
33.(P72,self check)go to the concert参加音乐会
8年级上册英语语法和短语二：Unit 10
Unit 10 If you go to the party, you’ll have a great time!
本单元的话题：谈论事情可能的结果。 。
本单元的语法：在条件状语从句中，用一般现在时表示将来——即主将从现。 从句(一般现在时) (主句一般将来时)
解释：在条件状语从句，时间状语从句中，若主句用一般将来时，从句则用一般现在时表示将来-------简称主将从现
If it is fine tomorrow,I’ll visit shanghai
区分:宾语从句若主句为一般现在时，从句可以根据需要用任何时态 我认为我在两天内将完成这项工作。 主句(一般现在时) 宾语从句
填空：I think she (come)here tomorrow. If he (come )here,I (call)you.
本单元的短语和知识点：
1.(P73,图片)have a great /good time 玩的开心
2.(P73,1a)stay at home呆在家里take the bus乘公交车，go to the party参加晚会
3.(P73,1c)tomorrow night明天晚上
4.(P74,2a)talk about sth谈论某事have a class party开班级晚会have a class meeting 开班会
5.(P74,2a)疑问词+to do sth He didn’t know where to go.他不知道去哪里。 (常用的疑问词有：who,what,where,when,why,how—简单记忆为：5 w 1 h)
6.(P74,2a)plan to do sth计划做某They are planning to go shopping.他们正在计划购物。 7...
(P74,2b)half the class 全班一半人,make some food 做食物
8.(P74,2d,1行)ask sb. to do sth 请某人做某事
My parents often ask me to study hard.我的父母亲经常要我努力学习。
ask sb. not to do sth 请某人不要做某事
My techer often asks us not to be late.我的老师要我们不要迟到。
9.(P74,2d,3行，4行)order food 预定食物 potato chips薯条
10.(P74,2d,5行)too+形容词+to do sth：太„以至于不能„
so+形容词+that+句子：如此„以至于„
形容词+enough to do sth：足够„能够做某事(注意三个句型常常可以互换转换)
He is so young that he can′t go to school.他如此年轻以至于不能去上学。
= He is too young to go to school.他太年轻了以至于不能去上学。
= He isn′t old enough to go to school.
11.(P75,3a,4行)tell sb. to do sth 高速某人做某事
My parents often tell me to get up early.我的父母亲经常告诉我早起。
tell sb. not to do sth 告诉某人不要做某事
My techer often tells us not to play computer games.我的老师经常告诉我们不要玩电子游戏。
12.(P75,3a,末行)give sb some advice给某人建议/劝告 (adivce为不可数名词)
13.(P76,1a)travel around the world 周游世界, go to college 上大学，
make(a lot of)money 挣钱, get an education接受教育 ，
14.(P76,1c)work hard 努力工作，a soccer player 一个足球运动员
15.(P77,2b)talk to sb.与某人谈话，keep„to oneself 把„留给自己/独处
16.(P77,2b,1段2行)have problems with sth:在某方面有困难
have problems (in)doing sth:做方面有困难 (2个句型常常可以互换)
She has problems with English.她在学习英语方面有困难。
= She has problems (in) learning English.她学习英语有困难。
17.(P77,2b,1段8行)unless=if„not如果„不
Unless it is sunny tomorrow,I won’t go shopping.如果明天不是晴天，我将不去购物。
=If it isn’t sunny tomorrow,I won’t go shopping.
18.(P77,2b,2段1行)be afraid to do sth:不敢做某事
He is afraid to talk in public.他不敢当众讲话。
be afraid of sth:害怕某物The boy is afraid of dogs.这个男孩害怕狗。
19.(P77,2b,2段1行)tell sb about sth:告诉某人某事
My mother often tells me about my grandfather.我妈妈经常告诉我爷爷的事。
20.(P77,2b,2段3行)keep doing sth:一直做某事He is keeping writing letters.他一直在写信。
21.(P77,2b,2段4行)be angry with sb生某人的气He is angry with his son.他在生他儿子的气。 be angry about\at sth 因某事而生气He is angry about\at his work.他因为工作生气。
22.(P77,2b,2段5行)make mistakes犯错误
23.(P77,2b,2段6行)remember to do sth记着去做某事(事情还未做)
remember doing sth记着已经做过某事(事情做完，但是还记着)
Please remember to close the door when you leave.当你离开的时候记着关上门。(门还未关). He remembered closing the door.他记着已经关上门了。(门已经关上)
24.(P77,2b,3段1行)advise sb to do sth劝说某人做某事
My mother often advices me to study hard.我的妈妈经常劝说我努力学习。
25.(P77,2b,3段2行)It’s best (not)to do sth. 最好(不要)做某事
It’s best not to play computer games.最好别玩电子游戏。
26.(P77,2b,3段2行)run away from逃避Don’t run away from your problems.不要逃避你的问题。
27.(P77,2b,3段3行)try to do sth试着去做某事
28.(P77,2b,3段6行)in half 成半
29.(P77,2b,3段7行)solve a problem解决难题
30.(P78,2d,8行)agree with sb:同意某人(的看法、意见、观点等)
Do you agree with me?你同意我的观点吗?
31.(P80,2b,4)old people’s home 敬老院，school clean-up学校大扫除
32.(P80,self check,1,3)worry about :担心
My parents often worry about my study.我的父母亲经常担心我的学习。
这是2013年版八年级上册英语课本主要知识、主要考点：单词、词组、习惯搭配和重要句型，只要熟练掌握、灵活运用，一般考试是没有问题。
建议同学们经常听课本录音并跟读(利用mp3等用具)：每天至少听读三遍已学课本内容，预习两遍要新学内容。
1、注意发音、升降调、轻重读、连读、失去爆破等等，并模仿语音语调;
2练习语感、学会用英语思维。这些全靠自己熟读课本，形成英语语感而得到。你们有了很强的英语语感加上英语思维习惯，你们把题目念完就会知道答案。我们学习外语要遵循语言学习规律：听说领先，读写跟上;由从听说促进读写，读写促进理解(循序渐进要一个过程)，有了一定学习基础，精读学生课本，泛读社会。以致(广泛阅读达到)融会贯通。以不变的基础应对万变的题型，这才是把学习变简单、变轻松的有效方法。否则，你的学习方法就需要改变。