学霸记英语单词的笔记
学霸记英语单词的笔记
翻硕复习的一大重头戏就是词汇，而词汇量是巨大的，必须要有日常的积累和复习，并且掌握科学的记忆方法，才能最有效地积累词汇量。下面是关于英语词汇的学习笔记以供大家参考。
(1)
1、abdicate(vt)formally relinquish (power，a high official position)正式放弃(权力、高 位)
He has abdicated all responsibility in the affair 他已经放弃了这件事中的一切职责。
◎ abdication(n)
★ relinquish(vt)give up or cease to practice，abandon;不再采取行动，不再有某种感觉， 放弃
He had relinquished all hope that she was alive。他已经放弃了她还活着的希望。
★ abandon(vt)离开(某人某物某地)而不返回，遗弃、抛弃;离弃
give orders to abandon ship 下令弃船
(vt)give up completely(esp sth began)完全放弃(尤指已经开始的事物，如方 案、设计、计划等)
The match was abandoned because of bad weather。比赛因恶劣天气而取消。
(vt) yield completely to(an emotion of impulse)完全屈从于(某种情感或冲动) ～ oneself to sth
He abandoned himself to despair。他陷入绝望中
◎ abandonment(n)
★ surrender(vi，vt) stop resisting an enemy，yield;give up 停止抵抗，投降，屈服，放
弃;～ (oneself)(to sb)
The hijackers finally surrendered to the police。劫机者终于向警方投降了。
(vt) give up possession of sth/sb when forced by others or by necessity;hand sth/sb over 被迫 放弃对某物(某人)的控制权，交出某事物(某人)
◎ surrender(n)
2、accrue(vi)come as a natural increase or advantage，esp financial;accumulate 自然增长 或利益增加(尤指财务);积累 ～ to sb from sth
Interest will accrue if you keep your money in a saving account 把钱存在储蓄帐户里就会生息。
◎ accrual(n)
★ accumulat(evt)gradually get or gather together an increasing number or quantity of sth get
sth in this way 积累，聚积(某物)
accumulate enough evidence to ensure his conviction 搜集足够的证据以给他定罪。
(vi)increase in number or quantity 增加
Dust and dirt soon accumulate if a house is not cleaned regularly。房屋不经常打扫，尘土很快就会 越积越多。
◎ accumulative(adj)
◎ accumulation)(n)
★ amass(vt)gather together or collect esp in large quantities (尤指大量的)积累，积聚， 收集(某事物)
amass a fortune 积累财富
★ gather(v)come or bring sb/sth in one place 聚集，集合，召集 ～ sb/sth round sth/sb
a musical evening with the whole family gathered round the piano。全家围坐在钢琴旁的音乐晚会
(vt)bring together objects that have been spread about 收集，收拢(分散的东 西) ～ sth together/up
She gathered up her scattered belongings and left。她把自己的散乱物品收好就走了。
3、badger(vt)pester sb，nag sb persistently 纠缠某人，烦扰某人 ～ sb with/for sth ～ sb into doing sth
She kept badgering her father into answering strange questions。她一直缠着爸爸回答奇怪的问题。
(n)徽章
★ bothe(rvt)cause trouble or annoyance to sb，pester sb 打扰或烦扰某人，给某人添麻烦 ～sb about/with sb
I am sorry to bother you，but could you tell me the way to the station。对不起打扰一下，
请问去车站怎么走?
(vt) worry sb 使某人不安
The problem has been bothering me for weeks。那问题已经困扰了我几个星期。
★ pester(vt) annoy or disturb sb esp with frequent requests 打扰或纠缠某人(尤指不断提 出要求)
Beggars pestered him for money。乞丐缠着向他讨钱。
4、baffle(vt)be too difficult for sb to understand;puzzle 使某人困惑，难倒
Police are baffled as to the identity of the killer。警方不解凶手是谁
◎ bafflement(n)
◎ baffling(adj)难以了解的
★ bewilder(vt)puzzle sb;confuse 迷惑某人，混乱
The child was bewildered by the noise and the crowds。孩子让噪声和人群弄的晕头转向。
◎bewildering(adj)令人困惑的，费解的
◎bewilderment(n)混乱，困惑
★ confuse(vt)(通常用于被动语态)make sb unable to think clearly;puzzle;bewilder 把 某人弄糊涂，使迷惑，使为难
They confused me by asking so many questions。他们提了一大堆问题把我都弄糊涂了。
(vt)mistake one person or thing with another 混淆 ～ A and/with B
Don’t confuse Austria and Australia。不要把奥地利跟澳大利亚弄混淆了。
5、conjecture(v)(书面语)form and express an opinion not based on firm evidence;guess 推 测，猜测 ～ about sth
Don’t conjectured about the outcome。不要对结果妄加猜测。
(n)猜测，推测
Your theory is pure conjecture。拟的理论纯粹是主观臆测。
◎ conjectural(adj)推测的，猜测的
★ surmise(vt)(书面语)suppose without having evidence that makes it certain;guess 猜测 某事物，猜想，揣测
With no news from the explorers we can only surmise their present position。我们没有探险者的消 息，只能猜测他们现在所处的位置。
(n)猜测，猜想
Your first surmise is right。你第一次猜对了。
★ guess(v)give an answer，form an opinion or make a statement about sth without calculating or measuring 猜想，估计、臆测，猜测
6、deranged(adj)精神错乱的，(尤指)有精神病的，精神失常的
◎ derangement(n)
★ upset(vt)打翻，弄翻(尤指无意的)
(vt)搅乱，扰乱计划等
7、fiend(n)dvilspirit;devil 恶魔，魔鬼;恶魔般的人，穷凶极恶的人
The fiends of hell 地狱的魔鬼
★ devil(n)魔鬼，鬼怪;恶人，坏蛋，调皮鬼，淘气鬼
8、pine(v)unhappy esp because sb has died or gone away 痛苦(尤指因生离死别)
She certainly hasn’t been pining while you were away。你不在的时候她可并不难受。
(vi)long for or miss sb/sth 渴望或想念某人 ～ for sb/sth
They were pining to return home 他们渴望返回家园。
★ yearn(vi) desire strongly or with compassion or tenderness;be filled with longing 渴望， 怜悯，思念，留念，盼望 ～ for sb/sth
They yearned for their home and family 他们怀念故国家园。
★ desire(vt)wish for sth;want 希望得到某事物，想要
We all desire happiness and health。我们都希望幸福和健康。
9、smother(vt)cause sb to die from lack of air;or from not being able to breathe;suffocate (使 某人)窒息，闷死
She felt smothered with kindness ta 感受到难以消受的热情。
(vt)用灰、沙等熄灭或闷住(火)
Smother the flames from the burning pan with a wet towel。用湿毛巾把锅里的火扑灭。
★ choke(vi)be unable to breathe because one’s windpipe is blocked by sth 窒息;(掐住或阻 塞气管)使某人难以呼吸，呛 ～ on sth
She choked to death on a fish bone。鱼刺把她卡住而窒息。
★ suffocate(vt)cause sb to die as a result of not being able to breathe 使某人窒息而死，将某
人闷死
Passengers suffocated in the burning aircraft。乘客在燃烧的飞机中窒息而亡。
★ throttle(vt)seize sb by the throat and stop him breathing;strangle 扼某人的颈部，使窒 息，勒死
Throttle the guard before robbing the safe。勒死警卫然后枪保险箱。
10、throb(vi)(of the heart，pulse，etc)beat，esp faster or stronger than usual (指心脏、 脉搏)跳动(尤指跳动较快或较强);悸动，搏动 ～ with sth
Her heart was throbbing with excitement。她兴奋的心直跳
(vi)(有规律)的跳动、颤动，或发出声响
The ships engine throbbed quietly。船上的发动机发出轻微的震动。
★ pulse(vi)move with strong regular movements;beat or throb 强列而有规律的跳动。搏动， 震动
来了。
The news sent the blood pulsing through his veins 这消息使他的血液都沸腾起
(n)脉搏，节拍，(声波，光波，电波等的)一次脉动
★ flutter(vi)(of the wings of birds，butterflies，etc )move lightly and quickly (指鸟、 蝴蝶等的翅膀)轻而快的抖动，拍翅
The wings of the bird still fluttered after it had been shot down。那鸟被击落后翅
膀仍在抖动。
(vi)move about in quick irregular way 迅速而无规则的乱动;飘动
a flag fluttering from the mast-head 在旗杆上飘扬着的旗帜。
(2)
1、broth(n)(煮肉、鱼或蔬菜的)清汤、原汤、高汤
★ soup(n)汤，羹
(习)in the soup 处于困境，出麻烦
If your Mum finds out what you have done，you will really be in the soup。要是 你妈妈发觉你干的事，你就要倒霉了。
2、crevice(n) narrow opening or crack in a rock or wall(岩石、墙壁等的)裂缝、缺口
★ crack(n)line along which sth has broken，but not into separate parts 裂缝、裂纹
a cup with bad cracks in it 有许多裂纹的杯子
(n)narrow opening 缝隙
She looked through a crack in the curtains 他透过帘子的缝隙观望
(词组)～ on sth 重击(通常为可听到响声的)
(习)the crack of dawn 黎明、破晓
get up at the crack of dawn 黎明就起床
(习)the crack of doom 世界末日
To get a bus here you have to wait till the crack of doom 在这要等到世界末日
才能有公共汽车。
(v)develop a crack or cracks 使开裂，破裂，爆裂
You can crack this toughened glass，but you can’t break it 这种韧化玻璃只裂不碎。
3、demean(vt)lower oneself in dignity，deprive oneself of other’s respect 降低自己的身份， 失去别人的尊重，贬低自己 ～ oneself
Don’t demean yourself by telling such obvious lies 你不要用这种明显的谎言
自贬人格。
◎ demeaning(adj)降低身份的，卑微的，堕落的
He found it very demeaning to have to work for his former employee。他觉得要
为他以前的雇员工作很失身份。
★ degrade(vt)cause sb to be less moral and less deserving of respect 贬低某人，降低某人的 身份，使某人丢脸
I felt degrade by having to ask for money。我出于无奈向别人要钱而自觉有失尊严
4、foster(vt)help the growth or development of sth;encourage or promote 培养，培育某物; 鼓励，促进
foster the growth of local industries 扶植地方工业
(v)照顾，抚养(法律上不属于自己的孩子)，领养，收养
People who cannot have a baby of their own sometimes foster a child。不能生育 的人有时领养别人的孩子。
★ nurse(v)take care of the sick or injured;look after 看护、护理(病人或受伤者)，照顾 某人
My mother has been nursing for 40 years。我母亲 40 年来一直做护理工作。
(vt) give special care to sth;help to develop 特别照料，培养
nurse young plants 培育幼苗
5、incentive(n) thing that encourages sb to do sth;stimulus 激励某人做某事的事物，刺激; 奖励 ～ to do sth
They don’t try very hard， but then there’s no incentive 他们不太卖力气，不过 却也没给他们奖励。
★ stimulus(n)(pl stimuli)thing that produces a reaction in living things 使生物体产生反应 之物，刺激物生长。
The nutrient in the soil act as a stimulus to growth 土壤中的养分能促进植物
(n)起鼓舞或激励作用的事物，促进因素
Her words of praise were a stimulus to work harder 她赞扬的话鼓舞人工作更加努力。
6、maze(n)(通常做单数)network of paths or hedges designed as a puzzle in which one must find one’s way 迷宫 迷魂阵
We got lost in Hampton Court maze。我们在汉普顿科特迷宫迷了路。
(n)confused collection or complicated mass of facts，etc (事情等的)错综，复杂
find one’s way through the maze of rules and regulations 在纷繁的规则和条例中寻找出路。
★ labyrinth(n) complicated network of winding passages，paths，etc through which it is difficult to find one’s way 迷宫
The old building was a labyrinth of dark corridors。那座古老建筑是一座长 廊纵横、光线昏暗的迷宫。
7、pore(v) pore over sth 钻研(某事物)，审查、审视
She was poring over an old map of the area。她正在仔细查阅该地区的地图。
(n)皮肤上的毛孔，叶子上的气孔
He was sweating at every pore。他汗流浃背。
8、rubbish(n，不可数名词)waste or worthless material 垃圾，废物
(n)(贬，常用作感叹用语)无聊的想法等，胡说
His book is a load of rubbish 他的书简直是废话连篇。
★ trash(n，不可数名词)material，writing etc of poor quality 拙劣的作品，材料;垃圾，废 物
He thinks most modern arts is trash 他认为现代艺术大都是糟粕。
9、speculate(vi)form opinions without having definite or complete knowledge or evidence; guess 思考，思索，推断，推测 ～ about/on./upon sth
I wouldn’t like to speculate on the reasons for her resignation 我不愿意猜测她辞职的原因。
★ meditate(vi) think deeply，esp about spiritual matters 深思，沉思，冥想(尤指精神方 面的问题)
I meditate in order to relax。我沉思冥想借以松弛精神。
10、transfix(vt)(尤用于被动语态)stick sth pointed completely through sth/sb 用某物刺穿 某人(某物) ～ sth/sb with/on sth
a fish transfixed with a harpoon 用鱼叉叉穿的鱼
(vt)(尤用于被动语态) make sb unable to move，think or speak because of fear， astonishment，etc 使某人(因恐惧，惊愕)不能动弹、思想或说话 ～ sb with sth
He stood staring at the ghost，transfixed with terror。他站在那里看着那个鬼，吓得不能动弹。
★ petrify(vt)(尤用于被动语态) make sb unable to think，move，act，etc because of fear， surprise，etc 使某人惊呆或吓呆 ～ sb with sth
The idea of making a speech in the public petrified him 一想到要在大庭广众面 前讲演，他就紧张的不知所措
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