北师大版高二英语选修8Unit 22期末检测试题(2)
提示:作者身为攀岩教练,对组织大型活动这类的事情一无所知。know nothing about“对……一无所知”。
答案:D
27.A.cleanup B.party
C.picnic D.concert
提示:根据下文内容可知,作者在2004年与一群爬山爱好者们组织了一次清除垃圾活动。
答案:A
28.A.dropped out B.showed up
C.looked around D.called back
提示:在活动的当天,有300多人来到活动现场。drop out“离开,退出”;show up“来到,露面”;look around“四下观望”;call back“回电话”。
答案:B
29.A.demand B.receive
C.accomplish D.overcome
提示:根据上文出现的数据可知,三天时间内,共清理了6,000磅垃圾,作者对他们取得的成绩感到惊叹。
答案:C
30.A.plan B.visit
C.contact D.difference
提示:此处考查的其实是短语make a difference“有很大的关系、影响或作用”,此处指作者简直不敢相信他们发挥的作用,整个公园看起来十分干净。
答案:D
31.A.crossed B.measured
C.covered D.designed
提示:cover在此处意为“涉及,包括,范围是”,指的是志愿者们清除垃圾的活动范围。
答案:C
32.A.talk B.complain
C.argue D.quarrel
提示:根据下文第33个空后面的complaining一词可知,此处表示作者经常听到人们抱怨周围的环境。
答案:B
33.A.doing B.thinking
C.questioning D.watching
提示:根据上文作者处理问题的方式可知,作者认为改变情况唯一的方法是采取行动而不是抱怨。
答案:A
34.A.method B.explanat ion
C.example D.research
提示:作者自己正是通过以身作则、以身示范的方式教育周围的人们爱护环境的。example “例子,榜样”;met hod “方法”;explanation “解释”;research “研究”。
答案:C
35.A.although B.if
C.when D.unless
提示:作者进一步说明自己的观点:如果你不能从自身做起的话,你就不能责怪别人。unless引导条件状语从句,意为“除非,如果不”。
答案:D
Ⅲ.阅读理解(共10小题,每题2分,共20分)
A
(2012山东,A)
The Pacific island nation of N auru used to be a beautiful place.Now it is an ecological disaster area.Nauru’s heartbreaking story could have one good consequence—other countries might learn from its mistakes.
For thousands of years,Polynesian people lived on the remote island of Nauru,far from western civilization.The first European to arrive was John Fearn in 1798.He was the British captain of the Hunter,a whaling ship.He called the island Pleasant Island.
However,because it was very remote,Nauru had little communication with Europeans at first.Then whaling ships and other traders began to visit,bringing guns and alcohol.These elements destroyed the social balance of the twelve family groups on the island.A ten-year civil war started,which reduced the population from 1400 to 900.
Nauru’s real troubles began in 1899 when a Br itish mining company discovered phosphate(磷酸盐)on the island.In f act,it found that the island of Nauru was nearly all phosphate,which is a very important fertilizer for farming.The company began mining the phosphate.
A phosphate mine is not a hole in the ground;it is a strip mine.When a company strip-mines,it removes the top layer of soil.Then it takes away the material it wants.Strip-mining totally destroys the land.Gradually,the lovely island of Nauru started to look like the moon.
In 1968,Nauru became one of the richest countries in the world.Every year the government received millions and millions of dollars for its phosphate.
Unfortunately,the leaders invested the money unwisely and lost millions of dollars.In addition,they used millions more dollars for personal expenses.Soon people realized that they had a terrible problem—their phosphate wa s running out.Ninety percent of their island was destroyed and they had nothing.By 2000,Nauru was almost financially ruined.Experts say that it would take approximately 3,600,000 and more than 20 years to repair the island.This will probably never happen.
36.What might be the author’s purpose in writing the text?
A.To seek help for Nauru’s problems.
B.To give a warning to other countries.
C.To show the importance of money.
D.To tell a heartbreaking story of a war.
提示:主旨大意题。文章第一段提到瑙鲁前后的变化以及该段最后一句“...other countries might learn from its mistakes.”可知作者的写作目的是为了引起其他国家的重视,以示警告。故选B项。
答案:B
37.What was Nauru like before the Europeans came?
A.Rich and powerful.
B.Modern and open.
C.Peaceful and attractive.
D.Greedy and aggressive.
提示:细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“...used to be a beautiful place.”以及第二段第一句“...lived on the re mote island of Nauru, far from western civilization.”可知瑙鲁在欧洲人到来之前是一个安定而美丽的地方。
答案:C
38.The ecological disaster in Nauru resulted from .
A.soil pollution B.phosphate overmining
C.farming activity D.whale hunting
提示:细节理解题。文章第四段提到一家英国矿业公司发现瑙鲁含有丰富的磷酸盐后开始开采,第五段又说明了其实这种露天矿的开采破坏了土壤的表层,最终使得“the lovely island of Nauru started to look like the moon”。因此可以看出其生态灾难是由过度的采矿引起的,故B项正确。
答案:B
39.Which of the following was a cause of Nauru’s financial problem?
A.Its leaders misused the money.
B.It spent too much repairing the island.
C.Its phosphate mining cost much money.
D.It lost millions of dollars in the civil war.
提示:细节理解题。根据最后一段前两句“...the leader invested the money unwisely and lost millions of dollars.In addition, they used millions more dollars for personal expenses.”可知领导人使用资金不当,致使瑙鲁陷入财政困难。故选A项。
答案:A
40.What can we learn about Nauru from the last paragraph?
A.The ecological damage is difficult to repair.
B.The leaders will take the experts’ words seriously.
C.The island was abandoned by the Nauruans.
D.The phosphate mines were destroyed.
提示:推理判断题。结合文章最后一段倒数第二句专家所说的修复瑙鲁(岛)需要花的钱和时间,以及最后一句“This will probably never happen.”可以推断一旦造成生态破坏,是很难修复的。故选A项。
答案:A
B
People all over the world today are beginning to hear and learn more and more about the problem of pollution.Pollution is caused either by man’s release of completely new artificial substances into the environment,or by releasing greatly increased amounts of a natural substance,such as oil from oil tankers into the sea.
The whole industrial process which makes many of the goods and machines we need and use in our daily lives,is bound to create a number of waste products which upset the environmental balance,or the ecological(生态的) balance as is also known.Many of these waste products can be prevented or disposed(处理) of.But while more and more new and complex goods are produced,there will be new,dangerous waste to be disposed of,for example,the waste products from nuclear power stations.Many people,therefore,see pollution as only part of a larger and more complex problem,that is,the whole process of industrial production and consumption of goods.Others again see the problem mainly in connection with agriculture,where new methods are helping farmers grow more and more on their land to feed our ever-increasing population.However,the land itself is gradually becoming worn out as it is being used,in some cases,too heavily,and artificial fertilizers can not restore the balance.
Whatever its underlying reasons are,there is no doubt that much of the pollution caused could be controlled if only companies,individuals and governments would make more efforts.In the home there is an obvious need to control litter and waste.Food comes wrapped up three or four times in packages that all have to be disposed of;drinks are increasingly sold in bottles or tins which can not be reused.This not only causes a litter problem,but also is a great waste of resources,in terms of glass,metals and paper.Advertising has helped this process by persuading many of us not only to buy things we neither want nor need,but also to throw away much of what we do buy.Pollution and waste combine to be a problem everyone can help to solve by cutting out unnecessary buying,excessive consumption and careless disposal of the products we use in our daily lives.
41.The main cause of pollution is .
A.our ever-increasing population
B.increased amounts of a natural substance
C.the release of artificial or natural substances into the environment
D.the production of new industrial goods
提示:由原文中心含义可知,污染的原因在于随意排放各种物质。原文第一段第二句清楚地说明了这一点。
答案:C
42.In the writer’s view,the more new goods, .
A.the less pollution
B.the harder pollution can be prevented
C.the more easily pollution can be controlled
D.the more pollution there will be
提示:原文第二段首句表明我们在生产各种生活用品时,肯定会产生破坏生态平衡的废物。再由第二段二、三句可见,生产的新产品越多,造成的污染就越大。
答案:D
43.Much of the pollution could be controlled if only .
A.people would pay more attention to the problem
B.governments would take effective measures
C.all sides concerned would make more efforts
D.farmers would use less artificial fertilizers
提示:由原文第三段第一句可得出只有各方齐努力,才能控制污染。
答案:C
44.Many people see pollution as only part of .
A.our daily life
B.the environmental balance
C.the consumption of goods by man
D.the whole process of industrial production and consumption of goods
提示:原文第二段第四句表明答案为D项。
答案:D
45.People can help solve the problem of pollution by .
A.making anti-pollution advertisements
B.reducing unnecessary buying,excessive consumption and careless disposal of the products we use
C.asking the governments to control the waste
D.cutting down the use of oil
提示:由文中第三段最后一句话可知B项正确。
答案:B
Ⅳ.任务型读写(共10小题;每题1分,共10分)
Most scientists are now certain that global warming is taking place.Gases such as carbon dioxide produced by burning coal,oil,wood,together with industrial pollution,are creating a warm blanket around the earth.This blanket is trapping heat in the atmosphere and so raising the temperature of the earth.
The evidence for global warming can now be seen in the world’s changing climate statistics.In Europe,eight of the last ten years have seen record high temperature.For northern Europe,this has generally been a change for the better.Gardens can even now grow tropical plants in England,though London may never see a “White Christmas” again.On the other hand,the countries around the Mediterranean Sea,and those south of the Sahara desert are receiving even less rain than before.In sub-Saharan Africa the crops are drying out in the fields and people are dying of starvation.In the Americas,the climate is becoming more extreme—the summers are getting hotter and hotter and the storms are becoming more violent.In 1999 the southern United States was struck by a series of destructive hurricanes,while the end of 1999 saw the worst floods ever in Venezuela.Meteorologists expect such trends to continue,and indeed to worsen,if global warming cannot be halted(终止).
In addition to worrying about rising global temperatures and more extreme weather conditions,scientists are closely monitoring sea levels around the world.These are slowly rising,as the northern and southern polar ice-caps start to melt.This will have serious consequences for low-lying countries near the sea,such as the coral islands in the Pacific,and Bangladesh where the River Ganges already folds the delta(三角洲) every year.Already parts of these places are disappearing under the rising tides.
Title: Global Warming
Main items Contexts
46 Gases from burning coal,oil,wood,together with industrial p ollution.
47 In European countries:
Record high temperature in the last 48 .
In the countries around the Mediterranean Sea:
It is 49 less than before.
In sub-Saharan Africa:
The crops are drying out in the fields and people are 50 to death.
In the Americas:
51 hot summers and more 52 storms and worst fl oods.
53 54 earth temperature.
55 polar ice-caps.
答案:46.Cause(s)/Reason(s) 47.Evidences 48.decade 49.raining 50.starving 51.Increasingly 52.violent/destructive 53.Consequences 55.Rising 55.Melting
Ⅴ.书面表达(25分)
假设你是高三学生,名字叫王涛,看到村前的树林不见了,鸟儿消失了,取而代之的是一座化工厂,浓烟从工厂烟囱里冒出,烟尘落到河里、田地里、村民的家里,河里的鱼死了,地里的庄稼死了,村子里的树死了。现在以“Protect Our Hometown”为题目给某英文报社的《警世钟》栏目写一稿件。至少提出两条建议。例如:
1.净化废气。
2.种树栽花。
注意:词数120左右 。
参考范文:
Protect Our Hometown
There used to be a large number of trees in front of my village.The air was fresh and many birds were singing there.
But the villagers were eager to make money.They cut down all the trees to build up a chemical factory instead.The smoke from the factory does harm to the crops and vegetables.The dust falls into the rivers and the villagers’ houses.The plants,trees and fish died.
The waste gas should be made clean before it goes into the sky.More trees and flowers should be planted in the village.
We must protect our hometown;otherwise we will have no place to live in.
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