高一英语必修1Unit2知识梳理、重点词汇解析人教版(4)

　　重点词组 (旨在提供综合运用所需材料)

　　1.come up走近;上来;提出

　　[典例]

　　1). The little came up to the stranger and showed him how to get to the police station.

　　小男孩向陌生人走去，并告诉他去警察局的路。

　　3). It is certain that the question will come up at the meeting. 这个问题在会议上一定会被提出来的。

　　5). I am afraid something urgent has come up. 恐怕发生了什么急事。

　　[短语归纳]

　　come across邂逅 come about发生 come at向…扑来,攻击 come from 来自

　　come out 出版;开花;结果是 come up with想出

　　come round 绕道而来 come down落下,塌下

　　[练习] 用come构成的词组填空。

　　1). The hunter walked across the forest when suddenly a bear _______ him.

　　2). The magazine __________ once a month.

　　3). I wish you can ___________ to England on your holiday.

　　4). The engineers has ______________ new ways of saving energy.

　　5). They ___________ an old school friend in the street this morning.

　　答案: 1). came at 2). comes out 3). come over 4). come up with 5). came across

　　2. make use of 利用;使用

　　[典例]

　　1). You ought to make good use of any opportunity to practise English. 你应该好好利用机会练习英语。

　　[短语归纳]

　　make good use of 好好利用 make full use of 充分利用 make the best/most of 充分利用

　　[练习]

　　1). 要充分利用一切机会说英语。2). 我们要很好地发挥她的才能。

　　答案: 1). Make full use of every chance you have to speak English.

　　2). We will make good use of her talents.

　　3. such as例如;像这种的

　　1). Such poets as Keats and Shelley wrote Romantic poetry.

　　有些诗人, 如济慈和雪莱, 写的是浪漫主义的诗歌

　　2). Wild flowers such as orchids and primroses are becoming rare.

　　兰花和报春花之类的野花越来越少了

　　[练习] 用such as或for example填空

　　1). I like drinks __________ tea and soda.

　　2). The report is incomplete; it doesn’t include sales in France, ________.

　　答案: 1) such as 2). For example

　　4. play a part (in) 扮演一个角色;参与

　　[典例] 1). She plays an active part in local politics. 她积极参与地方政治活动。

　　2). She played a major part in the success of the scheme. 她对该计划的成功起了重要作用。

　　翻译：中国在当今世界扮演着重要的角色。

　　China is playing an important part/role in the world today.

　　[短语归纳]

　　take part (in sth)参加, 参与(某事物 for the most part 整体上; 通常; 多半

　　the best part of sth(某事物的)绝大部分(尤指一段时间) for my part就我来说

　　[练习] 中译英

　　1). 有多少国家要参加(世界杯赛)?

　　2). 对我来说, 到哪儿吃饭都无所谓。

　　答案: 1). How many countries will be taking part (in the World Cup)?

　　2). For my part, I don't mind where we eat.

　　6. because of 因为;由于

　　[典例]1). They are here because of us. 他们是因为我们来这里的。

　　[短语归纳]

　　because of 是复合介词。

　　because 是从属连词，引导原因状语从句。

　　[练习] ⑴ He came late to school again _______ he got up too late.

　　⑵ The girl cried __________ what the teacher said.

　　⑶ we have to cancel our trip _________ the bad weather.

　　7. base on …以…为基础

　　e.g The movie is based on facts

　　7.ever before 从前 8.even if/though 即使

　　9.be based on 以……为基础 10.over time 长期以来

　　11.in the early days 在早期 12.the same as 相同于

　　13. Believe it or not信不信由你

　　14. a number of +N. 许多,大量. 作主语时, 谓语用复数.

　　the number of +N. …的数量. 作主语时, 谓语用单数

　　Eg A number of people have read this novel.

　　The number of people here is 50.

　　V重点句子 (旨在提供句子结构等所需材料)

　　1. Which country do you think has the most English learners?

　　[解释]do you think/believe/expect/ find/know/suppose 作为插入语,放在特殊疑问词后，其它内容紧跟其后并用陈述语序。

　　What time do you expect we will come and pick you up?你希望我们几点来接你?

　　What do you suppose he will do after he hears about the good news?

　　你认为他听到那个好消息后会做什么呢?

　　Why do you think their team could win the football match? 你认为他们队为什么能赢得那场足球赛呢?

　　2. Today, more people speak English as their first, second or a foreign language than ever before.

　　[解释] than ever before 常与比较级连用，意为“比以往任何时候更”。如：

　　The stars were shining brightly in the dark sky, and the night was more beautiful than ever before. 繁星点缀在夜空里，夜晚比以往更美。

　　[练习] 中译英

　　1). 简看起来比以前漂亮多了。 2). 雨下得比以前更大。

　　答案: 1). Jane looks much prettier than ever before.

　　2). It's raining harder than ever before.

　　拓展：(1)引导让步状语从句的引导词还有 although, though, no matter when/what..., whenever, wherever, however 等等。

　　(2)as也可以引导让步状语从句，但要把其表语、谓语或宾语前置，且前置的单数名词不可以加冠词。

　　①Even though you achieve great success in your work, you should not be conceited.

　　即使你们在工作中取得了巨大的成绩，也不应该自满。

　　②Whatever you do, do it well.

　　不管你做什么，把它做好。

　　③However hot it is, he won't take off his hat.

　　不管多热，他都不摘下帽子。

　　④Girl as she is, she can go alone in the darkness.

　　尽管她是个女孩，她敢一个人走夜路。

　　[即境活用1]　(2007·浙江)Many of them turned a deaf ear to his advice, ______they knew it to be valuable.

　　A.as if B.now that C.even though D.so that

　　解析：even though=even if “即使”，引导让步状语从句。

　　答案：C

　　2.Believe it or not, there is no such thing as standard English. 信不信由你，(世界上)没有什么标准英语。

　　(1)believe it or not 信不信由你。常在句中做插入语。

　　(2)no such thing 没有这样的事情。such与 all, no, some, any, few, little, many, much, several, one 等词连用时，应位于它们的后面。

　　①Believe it or not, he refused to accept our offer.信不信由你，他拒绝接受我们的帮助。

　　②There is no such street in the city.这城市没有那样的街道。

　　③He said he didn't have time or made some such excuse.他说他没有时间或别的诸如此类的借口。

　　[即境活用2]　(2009·安徽)I’m amazed to hear from my school teacher again. ______， it is ten years since we met last.

　　A.In a word B.What’s more C.That’s to say D.Believe it or not

　　解析：句意：想不到又一次收到学校老师的来信，信不信由你，我们上次见面还是在十年前。in a word总之;what’s more而且;that’s to say也就是说;believe it or not信不信由你。

　　答案：D

　　3. with的复合结构

　　[应用3]　(1)—Come on, please give me some ideas about the project.

　　—Sorry. With so much work ______ my mind, I almost break down.

　　A.filled B.filling C.to fill D.being filled

　　解析：with复合结构中，work和fill是主动关系，且表示正在进行，因此其后要用doing结构。

　　答案：B

　　(2)John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work ______， he gladly accepted it.

　　A.finished B.finishing C.having finished D.was finished

　　解析：根据work和finish是被动关系，可以判断出答案。

　　答案：A

　　(3)______ two exams to worry about, I have to work really hard this weekend.

　　A.With B.Besides C.As for D.Because of

　　解析：根据句意，此处应采用“with+宾语+不定式”。

　　答案：A

　　(4)It was cold outside, the boy ran into the room ______ his nose red.

　　A.to B.on C.in D.with

　　解析：这个句子考查with的复合结构的用法，用“with+名词+形容词”做状语表示伴随情况。而to、on、in作为介词则没有这种用法，故排除A、B、C，答案为D。句意是：外面天气很冷，那个男孩跑进了屋子时，鼻子红红的。

　　答案：D

　　语法讲解

　　引语的概念(以课文88页为主，本文重在方法提炼与巩固)

　　直接引述别人的原话，叫直接引语 直接引语通常都用引号括起来

　　用自己的话把别人的话陈述出来，叫间接引语

　　间接引语在多数情况下都构成一个 _宾语从句