上学期高三英语期中试题试卷

　　在我们花出时间去学习英语的时候肯定会有回报的，小编为大家带来一份高三英语，希望大家来阅读看看吧

　　上学期高三英语期中试卷

　　第一部分 阅读理解(每题2分，满分40分)

　　第一节(共15题, 每题2分，满分30分)

　　阅读下列四篇短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

　　A

　　Best Western Ilford Hotel

　　Best Western Ilford is just 20 minutes away from Central London via subway or train, putting you within touching distance of all that the capital has to offer!

　　It is a 3-star hotel, offering luxury as well as comfort. From the stylish, convenient setting to the latest multi-media facilities, we’re well connected in more ways than one!

　　Our multi-lingual (多语言的) staff will do everything they can to make your stay as memorable as possible and you might pick up some handy new phrases along the way! If you want to see the sights and get the most out of London while you’re here, they’ll be happy to recommend the city’s best bits, and tell you the best way to get there too.

　　Even though near central London, there’s more countryside scenery near the hotel. Just minutes away, you can enjoy the beautiful Epping Forest and ride a horse along the famous Centenary Walk path. The English lakes and gardens in the nearby Valentines Park are simply stunning(极好的), and the popular Fairlop Waters is perfect for birdwatchers!

　　● Location:

　　3-5 Argyle Road, Ilford, England, IG1 3BH, United Kingdom

　　● Getting there:

　　Nearest motorway: M11, Ja406, 2.4kilometres

　　Nearest train station: Ilford, 0.8 kilometres

　　Nearest tube station: Gants Hill, 70 kilometres

　　Nearest airport: London City, 4.5 kilometres

　　● Meeting, Conferences and Events

　　The meeting and conferences facilities at the Best Western Ilford are second to none. We can cater for business meetings, training sessions, seminars and product launches, so be our guest!

　　● For your reference:

　　Twenty-Four Hour Service. No Lift. Hotel does not sell alcohol; however, soft drinks are available.

　　1. What do we know about the staff in Best Western Ilford Hotel?

　　A. They will communicate with you only in English.

　　B. They can show you around Central London freely.

　　C. They can teach you English for days free of charge.

　　D. They do everything they can for you and offer best service.

　　2. Which of the following places is the farthest away from the hotel?

　　A. Argyle Road. B. Epping Forest. C. Gants Hill. D. Valentines Park.

　　3. What is the purpose of the last paragraph of the text?

　　A. To draw your special attention. B. To introduce their best service.

　　C. To advertise the soft drinks. D. To tell about the hotel’s history.

　　B

　　That cold January night, I was growing sick of my life in San Francisco. There I was, walking home at one in the morning after a tiring practice at the theater. With opening night only a week away, I was still learning my lines. I was having trouble dealing with my part-time job at the bank and my acting at night at the same time. As I walked, I thought seriously about giving up both acting and San Francisco. City life had become too much for me.

　　As I walked down empty streets under tall buildings, I felt very small and cold. I began running, both to keep warm and to keep away any possible robbers. Very few people were still out except a few sad-looking homeless people under blankets.

　　About a block from my apartment, I heard a sound behind me. I turned quickly, half expecting to see someone with a knife or a gun. The street was empty. All I saw was a shining streetlight. Still, the noise had made me nervous, so I started to run faster. Not until I reached my apartment building and unlocked the door did I realize what the noise had been. It had been my wallet falling to the sidewalk.

　　Suddenly I wasn’t cold or tired anymore. I ran out of the door and back to where I’d heard the noise. Although I searched the sidewalk anxiously for fifteen minutes, my wallet was nowhere to be found.

　　Just as I was about to give up the search, I heard the garbage truck pull up to the sidewalk next to me. When a voice called from the inside, “Alisa Camacho?” I thought I was dreaming. How could this man know my name? The door opened, and out jumped a small red-haired man with an amused look in his eyes. “Is this what you’re looking for?” he asked, holding up a small square shape.

　　It was nearly 3 a. m. by the time I got into bed. I wouldn’t get much sleep that night, but I had got my wallet back. I also had got back some enjoyment of city life. I realized that the city couldn’t be a bad place as long as people were willing to help each other.

　　4. How did the writer feel when she was walking home after work?

　　A. Cold and sick B. Lucky and hopeful

　　C. Satisfied and cheerful D. Disappointed and helpless

　　5. From the first paragraph, we learn that the writer was busy_____.

　　A. solving her problem at the bank B. taking part in various city activities

　　C. learning acting in an evening school D. preparing for the first night show

　　6. On her way home the writer_____

　　A. lost her wallet unknowingly B. was stopped by a garbage truck driver

　　C. was robbed of her wallet by a man with a knife D. found some homeless people following her

　　7. From the text, we can infer that the writer_____

　　A. would stop working at night B. would stay on in San Francisco

　　C. would make friends with the man D. would give up her job at the bank

　　C

　　There is an old Chinese proverb that states “One Generation plants the trees; another gets the shade,” and this is how it should be with mothers and daughters. The relationship between a mother and daughter is sometimes confusing. If close, the relationship can be similar to friendship. However, the mother and daughter relationship has unique characteristics that distinguish it from a friendship. These characteristics include a hierarchy (等级) of responsibility and unconditional love, which preclude mothers and daughters from being best friends.

　　Marina, 27 years old, says, "I love spending time with my mom, but I wouldn't consider her my best friend. Best friends don't pay for your wedding. Best friends don't remind you how they carried you in their body and gave you life! Best friends don't tell you how wise they are because they have been alive at least 20 years longer than you.” This doesn't mean that the mother and daughter relationship can't be very close and satisfying.

　　While some adult relationships are still troubled, many find them to be extremely rewarding. This generation of mothers and adult daughters has a lot in common which increases the likelihood of shared companionship. Mothers and daughters have always shared the common experience of being homemakers, responsible for maintaining and passing on family values and traditions. Today contemporary mothers and daughters also share the experience of the workforce and technology, which may bring them even closer together.

　　Best friends may or may not continue to be best friends, but for better or worse, the mother and daughter relationship is permanent, even if for some unfortunate reason they aren't speaking. The mother and child relationship is closer than any other. There is not an equal relationship. Daughters should not feel responsible for their mother's emotional well-being. It isn’t that they don't care deeply about their mothers. It's just that they shouldn't be burdened with their mother's well being.

　　The mother and daughter relationship is a relationship that is not replaceable by any other. Mothers never stop being mothers, which includes frequently wanting to protect their daughters and often feeling responsible for their happiness. Mother always "trumps"(王牌) friend.

　　8. The underlined word “preclude” in Paragraph 1 probably means “_________”.

　　A. differ B. prevent C. benefit D. change

　　9. What do we know from the passage?

　　A. The mother and daughter relationship can be replaced by a best friend.

　　B. A mother’s love brings her and her daughter a close friendship.

　　C. The mother and daughter relationship goes beyond best friends’ friendship.

　　D. Marina has a troubled relationship with her mother.

　　10.The author proves his statements mainly by _________.

　　A. listing data B. giving explanations C. quoting sayings D. making examples

　　11. What is the best title for the passage?

　　A. How to be a good mother and daughter? B. Who is a mother’s best friend?

　　C. Mother or friend? D. Can a mother be a daughter’s best friend?

　　D

　　Being sociable looks like a good way to add years to your life. Relationships with family, friends, neighbours, even pets, will all do the trick, but the biggest longevity(长寿) boost seems to come from marriage or an equivalent relationship. The effect was first noted in 1858 by William Farr, who wrote that widows and widowers(鳏夫) were at a much higher risk of dying than their married peers. Studies since then suggest that marriage could add as much as seven years to a man’s life and two to a woman’s. The effect holds for all causes of death, whether illness, accident or self-harm.

　　Even if the odds are stacked against you (the conditions are not favourable), marriage can more than compensate. Linda Waite of the University of Chicago has found that a married older man with heart disease can expect to live nearly four years longer than an unmarried man with a healthy heart. Likewise, a married man who smokes more than a pack a day is likely to live as long as a divorced man who doesn’t smoke. There’s a flip side, however, as partners are more likely to become ill or die in the couple of years following their spouse’s death, and caring for a spouse with mental disorder can leave you with some of the same severe problems. Even so, the odds favour marriage. In a 30-year study of more than 10,000 people, Nicholas Christakis of Harvard Medical School describes how all kinds of social networks have similar effects.

　　So how does it work? The effects are complex, affected by socio-economic factors, health-service provision, emotional support and other more physiological mechanisms(机制). For example, social contact can boost development of the brain and immune system, leading to better health and less chance of depression later in life. People in supportive relationships may handle stress better. Then there are the psychological benefits of a supportive partner.

　　A life partner, children and good friends are all recommended if you aim to live to 100.The best social network is still being mapped out, but Christakis says: “People are interconnected, so their health is interconnected.”

　　12. Which one of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

　　A. The married men live seven years longer than the unmarried.

　　B. Marriage can help make up for ill health,

　　C. The unmarried are more likely to have heart disease than the married old men.

　　D. Unmarried people are likely to suffer in later life

　　13. It can be inferred from the context that the “flip side” in Paragraph 2 refers to________.

　　A. the disadvantages of being married

　　B. The emotional problems arising from marriage

　　C. The responsibility of taking care of one’s family

　　D. The consequence of a broken marriage

　　14. What does the author say about social networks?

　　A. They contribute a great deal to longevity.

　　B. They help develop people’s community spirit.

　　C. They provide timely support for those in need.

　　D. They help relieve people of their life’s burden

　　15. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?

　　A. It’s important that we develop a social network when young.

　　B. To stay healthy, one should have a proper social network.

　　C. Getting a divorce means risking a reduced life span.

　　D. We should share our social networks with each other.

　　第二节(共 5小题;每小题 2分;满分 10分)

　　根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项;选项中有两项为多余选项。

　　When your pet is sick, you know it needs medication. But pets, like babies, don't know the pill you want them to take will help them. _____16_____ Here are some tips to help get your pet to take liquid medicine.

　　_____17_____ If the answer is yes, then your easiest path is to mix it with canned food. First give your hungry pet a small amount of canned food without the medication. It's important that the pet nibbles (一点一点地吃) at the food and sees that there's nothing wrong.

　　Next, while the pet is still hungry, mix the medication in a small amount of food and present it. Repeat as necessary to get the entire dose (剂量) down. _____18_____ If the pet decides not to finish the meal, the dose will be wasted.

　　If the chemist says the medication cannot be taken with food, you need a syringe (注射器) or a dropper to get the liquid down your pet's throat.

　　_____19______ Keep a cheerful tone in your voice so the pet doesn't sense your stress or hesitation. Position your pet where it cannot run away, perhaps having a dog sit with his back against a wall or chair – or a cat on your lap.

　　_____20______ Use your other hand to insert the syringe or dropper between the cheek and back teeth. Slowly squeeze the medication so the pet won't choke. Try to keep your pet's mouth closed for about 30 seconds until you see it has swallowed. If your pet is being obstinate (倔强的) , stroke its throat gently or blow on the face.

　　Be sure you end the process with praise and perhaps a treat so your pet will not associate medication with a bad experience.

　　A. Before you call your pet in, be sure to have the medication and any other materials you’ll need ready.

　　B. Once the pet is in position, use one hand to gently open the pet's mouth from above, tilting back the head slightly.

　　C. Ask the vet if the liquid medication can be given with food.

　　D. You should know the reason why the pet refuses to take medicine.

　　E. Never mix the medication with the full meal.

　　F. They just know it smells funny and they don't want it.

　　G. Don’t force your pet to swallow all the medicine.

　　第二部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)

　　第一节 完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)

　　阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

　　I used to believe in the American Dream, which meant a job, a mortgage (按揭), credit cards, and success. I wanted it and worked toward it like everyone else, all of us 21 chasing the same thing.

　　One year, through a series of unhappy events, it all fell 22 . I found myself homeless and 23 . I had my truck and $ 56. I 24 the countryside for some place I could rent for the 25 possible amount. I came upon a shabby house four miles up a winding mountain road over the Potomac River in West Virginia. It was 26 , full of broken glass and rubbish. I found the owner, rented it, and 27 a corner to camp in.

　　The locals knew nothing about me, 28 slowly, they started teaching me the 29 of being a neighbor. They dropped off blankets, candles, and tools, and began sticking around to 30 . They started to teach me a belief in a 31 American Dream – not the one of individual achievement but of 32 .

　　What I had believed in, all those things I thought were 33 for a civilized life, were nonexistent in this place. Up on the 34 , my most valuable possessions were my 35 with my neighbors.

　　Four years later, I moved back into 36 . I saw many people were having a really hard time, 37 their jobs and homes. I managed to rent a big enough house to 38 a handful of people. There are four of us now in the house, but over time I’ve had nine people come in and move on to other places. We’d all be in 39 if we hadn’t banded together.

　　The American Dream I believe in now is a shared one. It’s not so much about what I can get for myself; it’s about 40 we can all survive together.

　　21. A. separately B. equally C. violently D. naturally

　　22. A. off B. apart C. over D. out

　　23. A. awesome B. priceless C. alone D. passionate

　　24. A. crossed B. left C. toured D. searched

　　25. A. fullest B. largest C. fairest D. cheapest

　　26. A. occupied B. abandoned C. emptied D. robbed

　　27. A. turned B. approached C. cleared D. cut

　　28. A. but B. although C. otherwise D. for

　　29. A. benefit B. lesson C. nature D. art

　　30. A. chat B. fight C. struggle D. perform

　　31. A. wild B. real C. different D. remote

　　32. A. neighborliness B. happiness C. friendliness D. kindness

　　33. A. unique B. expensive C. rare D. necessary

　　34. A. mountain B. downtown C. river D. countryside

　　35. A. cooperation B. relationships C. satisfaction D. appointments

　　36. A. reality B. society C. town D. life

　　37. A. creating B. losing C. quitting D. finding

　　38. A. put in B. turn in C. take in D. get in

　　39. A. yards B. shelters C. camps D. cottages

　　40. A. when B. what C. whether D. how

　　第二节 语法填空 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)

　　阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空(不多于3个词)，并将答案填写 在答题卡题号为41-50的相应位置上。

　　Confucius(孔子) is honored 41 setting the tone for much traditional Chinese music for thousands of years. He 42 (think) to be a music teacher and a 43 (talent) musician who was able to play several instruments expertly. Perhaps for other people around the world, music was meant mainly for amusement. 44 during the time of the Zhou Dynasty about 500 BC, music had an important role in making society stable.

　　How music was used and performed is expressed in several main Confucian books. Confucius taught that 45 (educate) somebody, you should start with poems, emphasize ceremonies, and finish with music.

　　Musical knowledge was 46 matter of higher learning. It is said that he thought of the six most important 47 (subject) to study, ranking music higher than the other five necessary subjects like writing and mathematics.

　　Music was so important because the ideal society was to be governed by ritual (礼制) functions, but not by law. In a culture 48 people function according to ritual, music is used to help govern them. So music wasn’t really 49 (entertain), but a means for musicians to accomplish political and social goals. Music is 50 (eventual) a means for social happiness.

　　第三部分 写作(共两节;满分35分)

　　第一节 短文改错(共10分，每处1分)

　　假定英语课上英语老师要求同桌之间互相修改作文，请你修改你同桌的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

　　删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。

　　增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在该词下面写出该加的词。

　　修改：在错的词下划一横线，在该词下面写出修改后的词。

　　注意：1.每处错误及修改均仅限一词。

　　2.只允许修改10处，多者(从11处起)不计分。

　　As we all know, over seventy percent of our planet are covered by sea, where is rich in salt as well as fish. What’s more, there is a great deal of oil or gas under the sea. In other words, the sea is the place with so many important things we live in. However, with the world population increased rapidly, overfishing has become a serious problem. Every day a lot of rubbishes and waste water are poured into the sea, so the sea is bad polluted. As a result, the number of fish has obviously decreased. Besides, some are dying out or have been died out. Therefore, it is time for everybody protect the sea.

　　第二节 书面表达(满分25分)

　　假定你是李华,你的美国笔友Tom对中国文化有浓厚的兴趣。恰好你校将在今年暑假7月21日开始在本校为外国学生举办一场为期10天的汉语夏令营活动(Chinese Summer Camp)，请你给他发一封电子邮件，内容包括:

　　1. 时间和地点;

　　2. 内容：学习中国的日常用语、了解中国历史和传统文化、参观博物馆等;

　　3. 报名方式和截止时间：7月8日前在站上报名。

　　注意:

　　1. 词数100左右;

　　2. 可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;

　　3. 开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。

　　Dear Tom,

　　Here comes a piece of good news. ____________________________________________________

　　____________________________________________________________________________________

　　Looking forward to your early reply.

　　Yours,

　　Li Hua

　　英语科参考答案

　　第一部分 阅读理解

　　1-3 DCA 4-7 DDAB 8-11 BCBD 12-15 BAAB 16-20 FCEAB

　　第二部分 英语知识运用

　　第一节：完形填空 21-25 ABCDD 26-30 BCADA 31-35 CADAB 36-40 CBCBD

　　第二节：语法填空

　　41. for 42. is thought 43. talented 44. But 45.to educate

　　46. a 47. subjects 48. where 49. entertainment 50. eventually

　　第三部分 写作

　　第一节：短文改错

　　As we all know, over seventy percent of our planet are covered by sea, where is rich in salt as well

　　is which

　　as fish. What’s more, there is a great deal of oil or gas under the sea. In other words, the sea is the place

　　and a

　　with so many important things we live in. However, with the world population increased rapidly,

　　on increasing

　　overfishing has become a serious problem. Every day a lot of rubbishes and waste water are poured into

　　rubbish

　　the sea, so the sea is bad polluted. As a result, the number of fish has obviously decreased. Besides, some

　　badly

　　are dying out or have been died out. Therefore, it is time for everybody ∧ protect the sea.

　　to

　　第二节 书面表达(满分25分)

　　Dear Tom,

　　Here comes a piece of good news. The Chinese Summer Camp, which is intended for international students, is going to be held in our school this summer vacation. Since you are obsessed with Chinese culture, I am writing to invite you to join it.

　　The Summer Camp is scheduled to last 10 days, from July 21 to July 30.It covers a wide variety of cultural activities, ranging from studying Chinese daily expressions to attending some lectures on Chinese history and traditional culture. In addition, it will provide a chance to visit some famous museums, through which you will not only have a further knowledge of the country, but definitely feel the unique beauty of it.

　　If you take a keen interest in playing a part in it, please sign up for it before July 2 on our school website.

　　Looking forward to your early reply.

　　Yours,

　　Li Hua

　　高三英语上学期期中试卷题

　　第一部分：知识运用(共两节，45分)

　　第一节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分, 共15分)

　　阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

　　A

　　The Darjeeling Himalayan Railway may be the slowest train in the world. Every day the train ___1___ (climb) over 2250 meters. Although the entire trip is 80 kilometers, it takes up to ten hours. The railway ___2___ (build) in 1881 and has been carefully protected for its cultural importance. Today the train is attractive to the passengers who come from other places ___3___ (see) the railway and the surrounding mountains. They seem to get a lot of pleasure ___4___ its slow speed. For ___5___ (fan) of this train, being slow is actually a good thing. As these people say, “slow” has four letters, so has life; “speed” has five letters, so has death.

　　【答案】1. climbs

　　2. was built

　　3. to see 4. from

　　5. fans

　　【解析】

　　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了The Darjeeling Himalayan Railway，这可能是世界上最慢的火车。对于这列火车的粉丝来说，慢下来其实是一件好事。减慢速度，珍惜生命。

　　【1题详解】

　　考查时态。句意：火车每天爬过2250米。根据Every day可知句子用一般现在时态，句子主语是the train，单数第三人称，故答案为climbs。

　　【2题详解】

　　考查一般过去时态的被动语态。句意：这条铁路建于1881年，因其文化重要性而受到精心保护。句子主语The railway 和build之间是被动关系，再根据in 1881可知句子用一般过去时态的被动语态，故答案为was built。

　　【3题详解】

　　考查动词不定式。句意：今天，火车对那些从其他地方来参观铁路和周围山脉的旅客很有吸引力。此处是动词不定式作目的状语，故答案为to see。

　　【4题详解】

　　考查介词。句意：他们似乎从它的速度中得到了很多乐趣。结合句意可知答案为from。

　　【5题详解】

　　考查名词复数。句意：对于这列火车的粉丝来说，慢下来其实是一件好事。结合句意可知此处用名词复数，故答案为fans。

　　B

　　I think my memory is good. I use a simple trick to remember people’s names ___6___ (clear). When I meet someone and hear the person’s name, I imagine that I can see the name ___7___ (write) on the person’s face. So the next time I see that person I also see the name on his or her face, and that is ___8___ I never forget a name. When I have to memorize things for school, I walk up and down in the room, ___9___ (read) the notes aloud. The methods are very effective and I ___10___ (use) them for many years. Compared with me, my brother has a very bad memory. He never remembers his promises. I always have to remind him.

　　【答案】6. clearly

　　7. written 8. how/why

　　9. reading 10. have used/have been using

　　【解析】

　　本文是一篇记叙文。作者的记忆力好，文章介绍作者是怎样记住人的名字的。

　　【6题详解】

　　考查副词。句意：我用一个简单的技巧把人们的名字记得很清楚。此处是副词修饰动词，故答案为clearly。

　　【7题详解】

　　考查过去分词。句意：当我遇到一个人，听到这个人的名字，我想象我可以看到写在这个人的脸上的名字。see +宾语+宾语补足语，此处the name 和write之间是一种被动关系，所以这里是过去分词作宾语补足语，故答案为written。

　　【8题详解】

　　考查表语从句。句意：所以下次我看到那个人的时候，我也会看到他或她脸上的名字，这就是我永远不会忘记一个名字的原因。结合句意可知此处是how/why引导的表语从句。故答案为how/why。

　　【9题详解】

　　考查现在分词。句意：当我必须记住学习内容的时候，我在房间里走来走去，大声朗读笔记。此处是现在分词作伴随状语，故答案为reading。

　　【10题详解】

　　考查时态。句意：这些方法很有效，我已经用了很多年了。结合句意可知句子用现在完成时态或现在完成进行时态，故答案为have used/have been using。

　　第二节 完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分，共30分)

　　阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

　　Bradley’s Bicycle

　　When our son Bradley was ten, the new bicycle he had received earlier that year was missing. Having a bike was a big deal to our children. They spent hours and hours on their bikes, ___11___ up and down the footpath, and at the front of the house. We also rode as a ___12___ at holidays, when all the members enjoyed staying together. Bicycling was a great way to get the kids out of the house and into the fresh air ___13___ spending any money.

　　Bradley discovered that his bicycle had been ___14___ from our backyard when he and his sister went outside for a morning ride. He couldn’t ___15___ that someone would do this. ___16___, none of the other bicycles were touched and nothing else was missing.

　　Bradley painted a sign (告示) on a large piece of cardboard, ___17___ for the bicycle to be returned, and ___18___ it to the letterbox. The following morning, when I went out to collect the mail, I found a white ___19___ with the magical words, “Buy yourself a new bike.” It took me a little while to ___20___ what it was inside it. It was a $100 banknote.

　　We were very ___21___ that someone had the heart to do this. We’ve never been able to thank the person but we ___22___ that it may have been one of our wonderful neighbors. Bradley painted a big “Thank you” on the sign and we ___23___ it outside for a couple of weeks afterwards in case it was someone who drove down our street.

　　Bradley was able to ___24___ a new bicycle. As the years went on, bicycles became bigger and more expensive but remained just as ___25___ for those family bicycle rides. Now the kids have grown up and cars have ___26___ their bicycles. Bradley is twenty-five this year. Sometimes I ___27___ the days when receiving a bicycle was the best thing in the world to them.

　　All these years later we are still grateful to that incredibly kind ___28___. A young boy’s sorrow turned to joy when he got his ___29___. We were a young family with three little children and it meant a lot to us. We still talk about it and, even now, ___30___ who actually gave us the help.

　　11. A. walking B. flying C. jumping D. riding

　　12. A. family B. club C. staff D. department

　　13. A. against B. before C. without D. except

　　14. A. charged B. stolen C. returned D. saved

　　15. A. remember B. promise C. explain D. believe

　　16. A. Strangely B. Hopefully C. Typically D. Normally

　　17. A. applying B. begging C. heading D. searching

　　18. A. handed B. dropped C. tied D. covered

　　19. A. envelope B. flag C. notice D. board

　　20. A. adjust B. commit C. declare D. realize

　　21. A. ashamed B. scared C. touched D. confused

　　22. A. ignore B. suspect C. admit D. understand

　　23. A. threw B. lost C. sent D. left

　　24. A. own B. earn C. copy D. seek

　　25. A. flexible B. important C. secure D. comfortable

　　26. A. affected B. combined C. replaced D. defeated

　　27. A. miss B. follow C. count D. recommend

　　28. A. guide B. host C. stranger D. neighbor

　　29. A. prize B. wish C. chance D. view

　　30. A. check B. predict C. doubt D. wonder

　　【答案】11. D 12. A 13. C 14. B 15. D 16. A 17. B 18. C 19. A 20. D 21. C 22. B 23. D 24. A 25. B 26. C 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. D

　　【解析】

　　文章主要介绍了作者儿子的自行车被偷了，一个好心人给了100元，让他们再买辆新的，虽然过去了很多年，但作者和家人仍然感激陌生人的仁慈。

　　【11题详解】

　　考查动词。A. walking散步;B. flying飞;C. jumping跳;D. riding骑。根据They spent hours and hours on their bikes, ___1___ up and down the footpath, and at the front of the house.可知，他们花了好几个小时骑自行车，在人行道上骑来骑去，在房子前面骑来骑去。故选D。

　　【12题详解】

　　考查名词。A. family家庭;B. club俱乐部;C. staff职员;D. department部门。根据We also rode as a ___2___ at holidays, when all the members enjoyed staying together.可知，我们也像一家人一样在假期骑马，因为所有的成员都喜欢呆在一起。故选A。

　　【13题详解】

　　考查介词。A. against反对;B. before在---之前;C. without没有;D. except除---之外。根据Bicycling was a great way to get the kids out of the house and into the fresh air ___3___ spending any money.可知，骑自行车是让孩子们走出家门，呼吸新鲜空气而不用花钱的好方法。故选C。

　　【14题详解】

　　考查动词。 A. charged收费;B. stolen偷;C. returned归还;D. saved挽救。根据Bradley discovered that his bicycle had been ___4___ from our backyard when he and his sister went outside for a morning ride.可知，Bradley和他妹妹早上出去骑车时发现他的自行车从我家后院被偷了。故选B。

　　【15题详解】

　　考查动词。A. remember记得;B. promise许诺;C. explain解释;D. believe相信。根据He couldn’t ___5___ that someone would do this.可知，他不敢相信有人会做这件事。故选D。

　　【16题详解】

　　考查副词。A. Strangely奇怪地;B. Hopefully充满希望地;C. Typically典型地;D. Normally正常地。根据___6___, none of the other bicycles were touched and nothing else was missing.可知，奇怪的是，其他的自行车没有一辆被碰过，别的什么也没有丢。故选A。

　　【17题详解】

　　考查动词。 A. applying申请;B. begging祈求;C. heading朝---行进; D. searching搜寻。根据Bradley painted a sign (告示) on a large piece of cardboard, ___7___ for the bicycle to be returned, and ___8___ it to the letterbox.可知，Bradley在一张大纸板上画了一个牌子，请求归还自行车，并把它绑在信箱上。故选B。

　　【18题详解】

　　考查动词。A. handed递送，帮助;B. dropped下降，减少;C. tied系; D. covered覆盖。根据Bradley painted a sign (告示) on a large piece of cardboard, ___7___ for the bicycle to be returned, and ___8___ it to the letterbox.可知，Bradley在一张大纸板上画了一个牌子，请求归还自行车，并把它绑在信箱上。故选C。

　　【19题详解】

　　考查名词。A. envelope信封;B. flag旗帜;C. notice通知;D. board木板。根据The following morning, when I went out to collect the mail, I found a white ___9___ with the magical words, “Buy yourself a new bike.”可知，第二天早上，当我出去收邮件时，我发现了一个白色的信封，上面写着神奇的文字:“给自己买一辆新自行车。”故选A。

　　【20题详解】

　　考查动词。A. adjust调整;B. commit犯罪;C. declare宣布;D. realize意识到。根据It took me a little while to ___10___ what it was inside it.可知，我花了一点时间才意识到里面装的是什么。故选D。

　　【21题详解】

　　考查形容词。A. ashamed害羞的;B. scared害怕的;C. touched受感动的;D. confused困惑的。根据We were very ___11___ that someone had the heart to do this.可知，有人有心做这件事，我们很感动。故选C。

　　【22题详解】

　　考查动词。A. ignore忽视;B. suspect怀疑;C. admit承认;D. understand明白。根据We’ve never been able to thank the person but we ___12___ that it may have been one of our wonderful neighbors.可知，我们从来没有能够感谢那个人，但我们怀疑他可能是我们的一个很好的邻居。故选B。

　　【23题详解】

　　考查动词。A. threw扔;B. lost丢失;C. sent寄派;D. left离开。根据Bradley painted a big “Thank you” on the sign and we ___13___ it outside for a couple of weeks afterwards in case it was someone who drove down our street.可知，Bradley在牌子上画了一个大大的“谢谢你”，然后我们把它放在外面几个星期，以防有人开车经过我们的街道。故选D。

　　【24题详解】

　　考查动词。A. own拥有;B. earn挣得;C. copy复制;D. seek寻找。根据Bradley was able to ___14___ a new bicycle.可知，Bradley有了一辆新自行车。故选A。

　　【25题详解】

　　考查形容词。A. flexible灵活的;B. important重要的;C. secure安全的; D. comfortable舒适的。根据As the years went on, bicycles became bigger and more expensive but remained just as ___15___ for those family bicycle rides.可知，随着时间的推移，自行车变得更大，更贵，但对那些骑自行车的家庭仍然是重要的。故选B。

　　【26题详解】

　　考查动词。A. affected影响;B. combined结合;C. replaced替代;D. defeated打败。根据Now the kids have grown up and cars have ___16___ their bicycles.可知，现在孩子们长大了，汽车已经取代了他们的自行车。故选C。

　　【27题详解】

　　考查动词。A. miss想念，错过;B. follow跟随;C. count 称得上;D. recommend推荐。根据Sometimes I ___17___ the days when receiving a bicycle was the best thing in the world to them.可知，有时我怀念那些对他们来说收到自行车是世界上最好的事情的日子。故选A。

　　【28题详解】

　　考查名词。A. guide向导;B. host主持;C. stranger陌生人;D. neighbor邻居。根据All these years later we are still grateful to that incredibly kind ___18___.可知，这么多年过去了，我们仍然对那个非常善良的陌生人心存感激。故选C。

　　【29题详解】

　　考查名词。A. prize奖品;B. wish愿望;C. chance机会;D. view观点。根据A young boy’s sorrow turned to joy when he got his ___19___.可知，当一个小男孩实现了他的愿望时，他的悲伤变成了快乐。故选B。

　　【30题详解】

　　考查动词。A. check核对;B. predict预测;C. doubt 怀疑;D. wonder想知道。根据We still talk about it and, even now, ___20___ who actually gave us the help.可知，我们仍然在谈论它，甚至到现在，还在想到底是谁给了我们帮助。故选D。

　　第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，40分)

　　第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，共30分)

　　阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

　　A

　　Planning to get away? Think passport first

　　If you’re planning to get away from it all this year, you should think passport first. Checking you have a valid passport before you book your trip takes minutes but could save you the trouble and cost of not being able to go

　　Renewing (更新) your passport before it runs out

　　You can renew your passport up to 9 months before it can no longer be legally used. So take the time now and save the tears later.

　　Applying for a passport for the first time

　　Our eligibility (资格) checks mean that it takes a minimum of one week to issue (颁发) a passport. So make sure you don’t leave it to the last minute, and apply in plenty of time.

　　Help with your application is just around the corner

　　Selected Post Office branches and Worldchoice travel agents offer a Check and Send service that helps you with your application. It’s convenient and you should receive your passport within 2 weeks.

　　If you need to apply for or renew a passport, you can either:

　　Pick up a Passport Application Form at Selected Post Office branches and Worldchoice travel agents.

　　Or call the Application Form Request line on 0901 4700 100 or visit www.passport.gov.uk

　　If your need is urgent, call 0870 521 0410 for an appointment at one of our offices. We can’t guarantee to see customers without an appointment.

　　From 14th January a guaranteed same day (passport renewals only) or one week service will be available from passport public counters.

　　*Calls will be charged 60p per minute and the cost per call should not normally be more than 90p.

　　*Calls are charged at national rates.

　　31. When applying for a passport for the first time, you need to know that ______.

　　A. passports can be legally used forever

　　B. passports are issued at the last minute

　　C. application checks take at least one week

　　D. applications are selected by post office branches

　　32. According to the passage, you can meet your urgent need by ______.

　　A. going to the offices directly

　　B. making a call for an appointment

　　C. visiting www.passport.gov.uk for a guarantee

　　D. getting in touch with Worldchoice travel agents

　　33. What is the passage mainly about?

　　A. Certain types of passports.

　　B. Different functions of passports.

　　C. Advantages of holding passports.

　　D. Instructions on applying for passports.

　　【答案】31. C 32. B 33. D

　　【解析】

　　本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是关于申请护照须知。

　　【31题详解】

　　推理判断题。根据Help with your application is just around the corner中It’s convenient and you should receive your passport within 2 weeks.可知，当你第一次申请护照时，你需要知道申请检查至少需要一个星期。故选C。

　　【32题详解】

　　细节理解题。根据Or call the Application Form Request line on 0901 4700 100 or visit www.passport.gov.uk中If your need is urgent, call 0870 521 0410 for an appointment at one of our offices.可知，根据短文，你可以通过打电话预约来满足你的紧急需要。故选B。

　　【33题详解】

　　主旨大意题。根据第一段If you’re planning to get away from it all this year, you should think passport first. Checking you have a valid passport before you book your trip takes minutes but could save you the trouble and cost of not being able to go.可知，本文讲述的是关于申请护照须知。故选D。

　　B

　　A Teenage Inventor

　　The world could be one step closer to quick and inexpensive Ebola detection thanks to a teenager from Connecticut.

　　Olivia Hallisey, a junior at Greenwich High School, was awarded $50,000 in the Google Science Fair for her new method that detects Ebola, a virus that causes bleeding from different parts of the body and usually causes death. Olivia’s method is to ask patients to put their saliva (唾液) onto a testing card. The card changes color if the person is catching Ebloa. Present Ebloa tests take up to 12 hours and cost $1,000. Olivia’s method, however, can be done just in 30 minutes for about $25. Besides, the sample (样本) doesn’t have to be put in a refrigerator thanks to the silk material Olivia uses to produce the testing cards.

　　Olivia was inspired to deal with this global problem after watching the news that more than 10,000 people died from Ebola in West Africa. She was particularly worried about the fact that, while the acts of involvement can improve survival rates, present detection methods are costly, time-consuming and require complex tools. Olivia got help from her science research teacher. She drew out directions from past research, and figured out detection systems that have proven to work with other diseases, including Lyme disease and yellow fever.

　　“What affects one country affects everyone,” Olivia told CNBC. “We have to work together to find answers to the huge challenges which cause harm to the global health.” The Connecticut’s teen, who hopes to become a doctor one day, was named the Google Science Fair winner in the competition of 20 competitors from across the globe. The fair is open to young people between the ages of 13 and 18 in most countries.

　　Olivia hopes her success will inspire other girls interested in science and computers. “I would just encourage girls to try it in the beginning, and remind them that they don’t have to feel naturally drawn or feel like they have a special talent for maths or science,” she told CNBC, “but just really look at something they are interested in and then think how to improve something or make it more enjoyable or relate it to their interests.”

　　34. According to the passage, present Ebola detection methods ______.

　　A. must use a large amount of samples

　　B. may detect other deadly viruses as well

　　C. have proven to be ineffective in practice

　　D. require samples to be kept in refrigerators

　　35. What can we learn about Olivia’s method?

　　A. Time-consuming. B. Cheap.

　　C. Complex. D. Out-of-date.

　　36. What does the underlined word “drawn” in Paragraph 5 probably mean?

　　A. Attracted. B. Controlled.

　　C. Admitted. D. Exposed.

　　37. The Google Science Fair is intended for ______.

　　A. students B. doctors

　　C. inventors D. scientists

　　【答案】34. D 35. B 36. A 37. A

　　【解析】

　　【分析】

　　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一名青少年发明家。正是因为这名来自Connecticut的少年，世界距离快速廉价的Ebola检测又近了一步。

　　【34题详解】

　　推理判断题。根据第二段中The card changes color if the person is catching Ebloa. Present Ebloa tests take up to 12 hours and cost $1,000. Olivia’s method, however, can be done just in 30 minutes for about $25. Besides, the sample (样本) doesn’t have to be put in a refrigerator thanks to the silk material Olivia uses to produce the testing cards.可知，根据文章，目前的Ebola检测方法要求样本保存在冰箱中。故选D。

　　【35题详解】

　　推理判断题。根据第二段中The card changes color if the person is catching Ebloa. Present Ebloa tests take up to 12 hours and cost $1,000. Olivia’s method, however, can be done just in 30 minutes for about $25.可知，我们从Olivia的方法中得知它是“便宜的”。故选B。

　　【36题详解】

　　词义猜测题。根据最后一段中I would just encourage girls to try it in the beginning, and remind them that they don’t have to feel naturally drawn or feel like they have a special talent for maths or science. 我只是想鼓励女孩们在一开始就尝试一下，并提醒她们不必觉得自己天生就有吸引力，也不必觉得自己在数学或科学方面有什么特别的天赋。由此推知划线词的意思是“吸引”。故选A。

　　【37题详解】

　　推理判断题。根据第二段第一句Olivia Hallisey, a junior at Greenwich High School, was awarded $50,000 in the Google Science Fair for her new method that detects Ebola,可知，The Google Science Fair是为学生准备的。故选A。

　　【点睛】任何一篇文章中的句子在内容上都不是绝对孤立的，都跟句子所在的段落及整整篇文章有关。利用上下文提供的情景和线索，进行合乎逻辑的综合分析进而推测词义，尤其是要注意划线词前后的内容。本文第3小题，根据最后一段中I would just encourage girls to try it in the beginning, and remind them that they don’t have to feel naturally drawn or feel like they have a special talent for maths or science. 我只是想鼓励女孩们在一开始就尝试一下，并提醒她们不必觉得自己天生就有吸引力，也不必觉得自己在数学或科学方面有什么特别的天赋。由此推知划线词的意思是“吸引”。故选A。

　　C

　　Palaces are known for their beauty and splendor, but they offer little protection against attacks. It is easy to defend a large building, but usually these buildings are not designed with the comfort of a king in mind. When it comes to structures that are both beautiful and defensive, the European castle is a big success.

　　Castles were originally built in England by the Normans in 1066. They built towers and walls to secure the land they had taken. These castles provided the Normans with a quiet and safe place. They also served as bases of operation for attacks. In this way castles served both defensive and offensive roles. Besides, castles served as offices for governors. Those that were socially beneath the governor would come to report affairs and express their respect. They would address problems, handle business, feast, and enjoy festivities in castles. So castles served as social centers as well.

　　The first castles were made from earth and wood, and they were likely to suffer from attacks by fire. Then wooden castles were gradually replaced by stone, which greatly increased the strength of these towers and walls. However, attackers could throw flaming objects into castles through the windows or burn the wooden doors. This led to moving the windows and entrances off of the ground floor and up to the first floor to make them more difficult to access.

　　During the Middle Ages, attacks increased in regularity, so castle defenses were updated. Arrow-slits were added. They were small holes in the castle, which allowed defenders to fire without being hurt. Towers were built from which defenders could provide fire on both sides. The towers were connected to the castle by wooden bridges, so that if one tower fell, the rest of the castle was still easy to defend. A lot of rings of castle walls were constructed, so that even if attackers went past one wall, they would be caught on a killing ground between inner and outer walls. All of these increased the defense of castles.

　　The end of castles can be attributed to gunpowder. During the 15th century, artillery, a kind of large guns, became powerful enough to break through stone walls. This greatly made the role of castles less effective. Though castles no longer serve their original purposes, remaining castles receive millions of visitors each year who wish to experience the situations of ancient times.

　　38. What was the original function of castles according to the passage?

　　A. They served as tourist attractions.

　　B. They were important social centers.

　　C. They marked religious ceremonies.

　　D. They were built for use in emergencies.

　　39. The reason why wooden castles were replaced by stone castles was that ______.

　　A. stone castles cost less money

　　B. stone castles offered better defense

　　C. wooden castles were uncomfortable

　　D. wooden castles took a long time to build

　　40. Which of the following showed an improvement in castle defenses?

　　A. Castles were totally separated by stones.

　　B. Arrow-slits were made in large quantities.

　　C. Rings of walls were built to defend the towers.

　　D. Windows and entrances were moved to the higher floor.

　　41. What is the best title of the passage?

　　A. Fancy Living: Learning about Castles

　　B. Normans: Bringing Castles to England

　　C. A History of Castles: The Rise and Fall of Castles

　　D. Defending Castles: Technologies Used to Defend Castles

　　【答案】38. B 39. B 40. D 41. C

　　【解析】

　　【分析】

　　本文是一篇说明文，文章讲述的是城堡的历史：城堡的兴衰。

　　【38题详解】

　　细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句So castles served as social centers as well.可知，根据短文，城堡最初的功能是它们是重要的社会中心。故选B。

　　【39题详解】

　　细节理解题。根据第三段中Then wooden castles were gradually replaced by stone, which greatly increased the strength of these towers and walls.可知，木头城堡被石头城堡取代的原因是石头城堡提供了更好的防御。故选B。

　　【40题详解】

　　细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句This led to moving the windows and entrances off of the ground floor and up to the first floor to make them more difficult to access.可知，窗户和入口被移到较高的楼层显示城堡防御有改进。故选D。

　　【41题详解】

　　主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句When it comes to structures that are both beautiful and defensive, the European castle is a big success.可知，本文讲述的是城堡的历史：城堡的兴衰。故选C。

　　【点睛】概括主旨的方法是：先看首尾或各段开头再看全文找主题句，若无明显主题句，就通过关键词句来概括(如议论文中寻找表达作者观点态度的词句，记叙文寻找概括情节和中心的动词或反映人物特点的形容词)。文中出现两种或两种以上的不同观点时，务必牢记作者的观点才是体现全文中心的。本题第4小题，根据第一段最后一句When it comes to structures that are both beautiful and defensive, the European castle is a big success.可知，本文讲述的是城堡的历史：城堡的兴衰。故选C。

　　D

　　Maths and Music

　　An excellent way to kill a conversation is to say you are a mathematician. Tell others you are also a musician, however, and they will be hooked. Although there are obvious similarities between mathematical and musical activity, there is no direct evidence for the kind of magical connection many people seem to believe in.

　　I’m partly referring here to the “Mozart effect”, where children who have been played Mozart compositions are supposedly more intelligent, including at maths, than other children. It is not hard to see why such a theory would be popular: we would all like to become better at maths without putting in any effort. But the conclusions of the experiment that expressed the belief in the Mozart effect were much more modest. If you want your brain to work better, you clearly have to put in hard work. As for learning to play the piano, it also takes effort.

　　Surely a connection is quite reasonable. Both maths and music deal with abstract structures, so if you become good at one, then it is likely that you become good at something more general that helps you with the other. If this is correct, it would show a connection between mathematical and musical ability. It would be more like the connection between abilities at football and tennis. To become better at one, you need to improve your fitness and coordination (协调). That makes you better at sport and probably helps with the other.

　　Abstract structures don’t exist only in maths and music. If you learn a language then you need to understand its abstract structures like grammar. Yet we don’t hear people asking about a connection between mathematical and linguistic (语言的) ability. Maybe this is because grammar feels mathematical, so it wouldn’t be surprising that mathematicians were better at learning grammar. Music, however, is strongly tied up with feelings and can be enjoyed even by people who know little about it. As such, it seems different from maths, so there wouldn’t be any connection between the two.

　　Let’s see how we solve problems of the “A is to B as C is to D” kind. These appear in intelligence tests but they are also central to both music and maths. Consider the opening of Mozart’s Eine Kleine Nachtmusik (小夜曲). The second phrase is a clear answer to the first. The listener thinks: “The first phrase goes upward and uses the notes of a G major chord (和弦); what would be the corresponding phrase that goes downward and uses the notes of a D7?” Music is full of puzzles like this. If you are good at them, expectations will constantly be set up in your mind. The best moments surprise you by being unexpected, but we need the expectations in the first place.

　　42. What does the author say about “Mozart effect”?

　　A. The goal of it was not carefully thought about.

　　B. The interest people showed in it was unexpected.

　　C. The way it was carried out proved to be ineffective.

　　D. The findings from it gave people wrong information.

　　43. The author mentioned football and tennis in Paragraph 3 to show that ______.

　　A. music and maths have something in common

　　B. football and tennis are played in a similar way

　　C. certain skills may be developed through practice

　　D. abstract structures bring benefits to various fields

　　44. We can infer from Paragraph 4 that ______.

　　A. language is less attractive to learners

　　B. mathematicians are good at music learning

　　C. language seems more like maths than music does

　　D. the structure of language is easier to learn than that of music

　　45. What is the writer’s main purpose in the last paragraph?

　　A. To prove how music finally differs from maths.

　　B. To describe the mathematical processes musicians may have.

　　C. To show how abstract thinking applies to both music and maths.

　　D. To explain why Mozart is so highly considered by mathematicians.

　　【答案】42. D 43. A 44. C 45. C

　　【解析】

　　【分析】

　　本文是一篇议论文。文章谈论的是数学和音乐之间的关系。虽然数学活动和音乐活动之间有明显的相似之处，但并没有直接证据证明许多人似乎相信的那种神奇联系。

　　【42题详解】

　　推理判断题。根据第二段中But the conclusions of the experiment that expressed the belief in the Mozart effect were much more modest. If you want your brain to work better, you clearly have to put in hard work. As for learning to play the piano, it also takes effort.可知，作者说“莫扎特效应”的研究结果给人们提供了错误的信息。故选D.

　　【43题详解】

　　推理判断题。根据第三段中Both maths and music deal with abstract structures, so if you become good at one, then it is likely that you become good at something more general that helps you with the other. If this is correct, it would show a connection between mathematical and musical ability. It would be more like the connection between abilities at football and tennis.可知，作者在第三段提到足球和网球是为了说明音乐和数学有一些共同之处。故选A。

　　【44题详解】

　　推理判断题。根据第四段中Maybe this is because grammar feels mathematical, so it wouldn’t be surprising that mathematicians were better at learning grammar. Music, however, is strongly tied up with feelings and can be enjoyed even by people who know little about it. As such, it seems different from maths, so there wouldn’t be any connection between the two.可知，我们可以从第4段推断，语言看起来更像数学而不是音乐。故选C。

　　【45题详解】

　　目的意图题。根据第四段中Maybe this is because grammar feels mathematical, so it wouldn’t be surprising that mathematicians were better at learning grammar. Music, however, is strongly tied up with feelings and can be enjoyed even by people who know little about it. As such, it seems different from maths, so there wouldn’t be any connection between the two.可知，作者在最后一段的主要目的是展示抽象思维如何应用于音乐和数学。故选C。

　　【点睛】做推理判断题时，对于暗含在文章中的人物的行为动机、事件的因果关系及作者未言明的倾向、意图、态度、观点等要进行合乎逻辑的判断、推理、分析，进一步增强理解能力，抓住材料实质性的东西。本题第1小题，根据第二段中But the conclusions of the experiment that expressed the belief in the Mozart effect were much more modest. If you want your brain to work better, you clearly have to put in hard work. As for learning to play the piano, it also takes effort.可知，作者说“莫扎特效应”的研究结果给人们提供了错误的信息。故选D.

　　第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)

　　根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

　　Gardening 380 Kilometers above Earth

　　Astronauts have to go through physical, psychological, and technical training. They also go through training in how to care for plants. These “astronaut gardeners” share their work and living space with plants.

　　Taking seeds and plants along on a trip isn’t a new idea. As space trips become longer, it will be necessary to grow food in space. ____46____ Because of this, it’s not practical to send everything needed for a long journey, only to be used once and thrown away.

　　Plants can serve many uses on a space journey. They can provide more fresh things. ____47____ Also, plants can help to make air quality better because they produce oxygen. They can improve the quality of the air inside the spacecraft—the only air the astronauts can breathe.

　　____48____ Due to the lack of gravity in space, the oxygen that the plants produce stays around the plants. This can actually kill them, so fans are needed to circulate the air. Without gravity, roots don’t “know” to grow down, leaves don’t “know” to grow up, and water doesn’t easily travel up the roots to the leaves. ____49____ Besides, soil is too heavy to send to space, and special liquid gels (胶) are used to help plant growth.

　　Scientists are also working on the plants themselves. They are trying to make plants grow more rapidly and grow with less water and light in space, and they are looking for ways to make plants more resistant to disease. ____50____ Imagine that deserts may one day provide lots of fresh food for local people, saving transportation costs. Similarly, plants that are resistant to disease could provide an important food supply. With the world’s population now at seven billion (十亿) people, our astronaut gardeners may help discover ways to feed those billions.

　　A. Every plant grown in space must have several uses.

　　B. However, there are challenges with growing plants in space.

　　C. Such methods may result in improvements back here on Earth.

　　D. The cost of taking anything into space is about $22,000 per kilogram.

　　E. Specialized containers are being developed to help the plants grow correctly.

　　F. Astronauts will welcome the addition of fruits and vegetables to their diet of dry foods.

　　G. Currently all oxygen is taken aboard in tanks and then caught again so it can be reused.

　　【答案】46. D 47. F

　　48. B 49. E

　　50. C

　　【解析】

　　本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是：园艺在离地球380公里的高空。宇航员必须经过身体、心理和技术的训练。他们还接受了如何照料植物的培训。这些“宇航员园丁”与植物分享他们的工作和生活空间。

　　【46题详解】

　　下文提示“正因为如此，把长途旅行所需要的东西都送出去，只用一次就扔掉是不现实的。”承接下文，D项The cost of taking anything into space is about $22,000 per kilogram.(将任何物体送入太空的成本约为每公斤22,000美元。)切题。下文中的this指代该项中的The cost，故选D。

　　【47题详解】

　　上文提示“他们可以提供更多新鲜的东西。”再根据下文提示“此外，植物可以帮助改善空气质量，因为它们可以产生氧气。”承接上下文，F项 Astronauts will welcome the addition of fruits and vegetables to their diet of dry foods.(宇航员将欢迎在他们的干粮中加入水果和蔬菜。)切题。故选F。

　　【48题详解】

　　下文提示“由于太空中缺乏重力，植物产生的氧气停留在植物周围。”承接下文，B项However, there are challenges with growing plants in space.(然而，在太空种植植物也面临着挑战。)切题。故选B。

　　【49题详解】

　　上文提示“没有重力，根就“不知道”该往下长，叶子就“不知道”该往下长，水也不容易从根往上注入到叶子上。”再根据下文提示“此外，土壤太重，不能送到太空，特殊的液体凝胶被用来帮助植物生长。”承接上下文，E项 Specialized containers are being developed to help the plants grow correctly.(目前正在开发专门的容器来帮助植物正确生长。)切题。故选E。

　　【50题详解】

　　上文提示“他们试图使植物生长得更快，在空间中以更少的水和光生长，他们正在寻找方法使植物更能抵抗疾病。”承接上文，C项Such methods may result in improvements back here on Earth.(这些方法可能会改善地球。)切题。该项中的methods与上文中的ways相吻合。故选C。

　　第三部分：书面表达(共两节，35分)

　　第一节(15分)

　　51.假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，准备加入学校的一个学生社团。请给你班的交换生Jim写封电子邮件，向他介绍这个社团，希望他能够一起参加。邮件的内容包括：

　　1. 社团的名称;

　　2. 社团的活动内容;

　　3. 询问对方的意向。

　　注意：1. 词数不少于50;

　　2. 邮件的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

　　Dear Jim,

　　____________________________________________________________________________________________

　　____________________________________________________________________________________________

　　____________________________________________________________________________________________

　　____________________________________________________________________________________________

　　____________________________________________________________________________________________

　　____________________________________________________________________________________________

　　____________________________________________________________________________________________

　　____________________________________________________________________________________________

　　____________________________________________________________________________________________

　　_______________________________________________________________________________

　　Yours,

　　Li Hua

　　【答案】Dear Jim,

　　I’m writing to tell you that I’ll take part in the photography community in our school and ask if you’d like to go with me.

　　There are a wide variety of activities in this community. We’ll learn the basic knowledge of photography, such as the color and composition of the pictures, so that we can record the beauty around us in a better way. Besides, we’ll have exhibitions of excellent works, in which we could share our ideas and skills and enable more students to appreciate the beauty of life.

　　I’ve heard that photography is also your hobby. I’m sure we’ll have fun together. Look forward to your reply.

　　Yours,

　　Li Hua

　　【解析】

　　【分析】

　　本文书面表达属于应用文，要求写一封电子邮件。

　　【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本文是一篇电子邮件：假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，准备加入学校的一个学生社团。请给你班的交换生Jim写封电子邮件，向他介绍这个社团，希望他能够一起参加。邮件的内容包括：1. 社团的名称;2. 社团的活动内容;3. 询问对方的意向。第2步：根据写作要求确定关键词，如：take part in the photography community(参加摄影社团);a wide variety of activities in this community(这个社区有各种各样的活动);have exhibitions of excellent works,(举办优秀作品展览);appreciate the beauty of life(欣赏生活的美)等。

　　第3步：根据提示及关键词(组)进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态语态问题。

　　第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。

　　【点睛】本文是一篇电子邮件，内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。另外全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。I’m writing to tell you that I’ll take part in the photography community in our school and ask if you’d like to go with me.句中使用宾语从句;so that we can record the beauty around us in a better way.句中so that引导目的状语从句;we’ll have exhibitions of excellent works, in which we could share our ideas and skills and enable more students to appreciate the beauty of life.句中in which引导定语从句。

　　第二节(20分)

　　52.假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，介绍上周末你陪同交换生游览长城的完整过程，并以“Our Trip to the Great Wall”为题，给校刊“英语角”写一篇英文稿件。词数不少于60。

　　Our Trip to the Great Wall

　　____________________________________________________________________________________________

　　____________________________________________________________________________________________

　　____________________________________________________________________________________________

　　____________________________________________________________________________________________

　　____________________________________________________________________________________________

　　____________________________________________________________________________________________

　　__________________________________________________________________________

　　【答案】Our Trip to the Great Wall

　　Last weekend, I accompanied two exchange students to the Great Wall, which proved to be a very pleasant trip.

　　Early on Saturday morning, we got on the bus happily. Everyone was excited, discussing what we had known about the Great Wall, including anecdotes and legends. Two hours later we got to our destination, and everyone couldn’t wait to start climbing. We spent the next few hours on the Great Wall, stopping from time to time to take photos and appreciate its magnificence as well as the breathtaking scenery around it. Then we went to the Great Wall Museum nearby. It contains exhibitions showing the history of the Great Wall and the social landscape along it, from which we got a better understanding of the Great Wall. Time passed quickly! It was noon before we knew it. Before leaving, we took a group selfie to record this unforgettable moment. Excitement was written on everyone’s face.

　　It was really an impressive trip and I really felt proud of this world wonder.

　　【解析】

　　【分析】

　　本文书面表达属于看图作文。

　　【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本文是一篇看图作文：假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，介绍上周末你陪同交换生游览长城的完整过程，并以“Our Trip to the Great Wall”为题，给校刊“英语角”写一篇英文稿件。

　　第2步：根据写作要求确定关键词，如：proved to be a very pleasant trip(证明是一次非常愉快的旅行);got on the bus happily(高兴地上车);including anecdotes and legends(包括奇闻轶事和传奇);record this unforgettable moment(记录下这难忘的时刻)等。

　　第3步：根据提示及关键词(组)进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态语态问题。

　　第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。

　　【点睛】本文是一篇电子邮件，内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。另外全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。Last weekend, I accompanied two exchange students to the Great Wall, which proved to be a very pleasant trip.句中which引导非限制性定语从句;Everyone was excited, discussing what we had known about the Great Wall, including anecdotes and legends.句中现在分词作伴随状语，且使用what引导宾语从句;! It was noon before we knew it.句中before引导时间状语从句。

　　有关高三英语上学期期中试题

　　第I卷(选择题共80分)

　　第一部分：听力(共两节，满分20分)

　　做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题纸上。

　　第一节(共5小题：每小题1分，满分5分)

　　听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完毎段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

　　1.What is Bob most probably doing?

　　A.Watching a game. B.Playing basketball. C.Fishing.

　　2. When will the speakers meet?

　　A. By 5:00. B.By 4:30. C.By 2:30.

　　3.What color is the T-shirt the man likes?

　　A. Green and White. B.Gray and Black. C.Gray and white.

　　4. Why was the woman annoyed?

　　A. Because the film was too long.

　　B. Because the seats were uncomfortable.

　　C.Because the people behind were too noisy.

　　5. How does Mary feel today?

　　A. Nervous. B. Sad. C. Happy.

　　第二节(共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分)

　　听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中也出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;所完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的做答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

　　听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。

　　6. What does the woman do?

　　A. A chemist. B. A train driver. C. A nurse.

　　7. What does the woman think of her work?

　　A. Dangerous. B. Rewarding. C. Demanding.

　　听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。

　　8. Where are the speakers?

　　A.In Berlin. B.In Manchester. C.In Rome.

　　9. Why is the woman asking the man for help?

　　A. Because she mistook the flight.

　　B. Because she left her clothes in a hotel.

　　C.Because she couldn’t find her luggage.

　　听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。

　　10. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?

　　A. Fellow workers. B.Classmates. C.Brother and sister.

　　11.What will the woman do this weekend?

　　A.Go sightseeing. B.Have a barbecue.C.Stay at home.

　　12. What will the man’s family celebrate?

　　A. The birth of a baby. B.A wcdding. C.A birthday.

　　听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。

　　13. Where does the man most probably work?

　　A.In a zoo. B.In a radio station. C.In an advertisement company.

　　14. What does the woman say about zoo?

　　A.It serves too many tourists. B.It should be closed.

　　C.It is badly run

　　15. What advice will the man probably take?

　　A. Ask a company for help.

　　B. Advertise the zoo in the newspaper.

　　C. Find another place to keep animals.

　　16.What are the speakers mainly talking about?

　　A. How to manage a zoo well.

　　B. How to raise money for a zoo.

　　C. How to protect endangered animals.

　　听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

　　17. When did people begin to take part in adventure racing in large numbers?

　　A. About 100 years ago. B. In the late 1970s.

　　C. In the early 1990s.

　　18. What makes an adventure race more challenging?

　　A. The combination with different activities.

　　B. The area it goes through.

　　C. The long distance.

　　19. How long does it take to do the South Island race?

　　A. One day. B. Three days. C. Ten days.

　　20. What’s the most difficult in long races according to the speaker?

　　A. Staying awake. B. Saving food and drinks.

　　C. Carrying all the needed things.

　　第二部分：英语知识运用(共两节，满分35分)

　　第一节：单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)

　　请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。

　　21. Effective weight management requires a long-term in

　　order to lose weight for good.

　　A. establishment B. commitment

　　C. tournament D. assessment

　　22. China will cooperation with countries and regions participating in the Belt and Road Initiative.

　　A. approve B. justify C. enhance D. tighten

　　23. Fishing in shallow water in autumn, the water temperature is relatively high, does make sense.

　　A. when B. which C. as D. where

　　24. The society can remain good as long as we are willing to fight for it—and to fight against whatever

　　imperfections exist.

　　A. shall B. may C. should D. would.

　　25. As the population of the world is growing at the disturbing rate of 10,000 people an hour, nature is beginning to us.

　　A. turn against B. turn up

　　C. turn off D. turn around

　　26. While John Snow attended Queen Victoria, he also thought about helping ordinary people to cholera.

　　A. exposing B. being exposed

　　C. exposed D.having exposed

　　27.People spend half their time dreaming of getting rich, and the rest of their time thinking about all the things they if they got rich.

　　A. will do B. did C. do D. would do

　　28. —A young researcher is reported to have died of heart attack, aged only 30.

　　— I wonder how his family could stand the thought of losing him.

　　A. How so? B. Forget it.

　　C. Take it easy. D. Really a pity.

　　29. Tea is the main evening meal, traditionally eaten at 5 o'clock in the evening, the diners are not drinking tea.

　　A. even if B.in case C. as though D. so that

　　30. The pollution is likely to reach its peak on Monday, and some parts heavy air pollution, the environmental watchdog told the newspaper.

　　A. see B. will see C. would see D. saw

　　31.Throughout its early years, what we now call hip hop

　　without even having a name.

　　A. evolved B. is evolved C. had evolved D. evolves

　　32. Stephen Hawking's crowning achievement was his prediction in the 1970s black holes can emit energy,

　　despite the classical view that nothing can escape their gravity.

　　A. when B. what C. how D_ that

　　33. Ding Yanyuhang took part in a training session the NBA China game in Shenzhen.

　　A. in accordance with B. in preparation for

　　C. in preference to D. in association with

　　34.It might be early to talk about potential colors for next summer when we have just entered autumn, but

　　the fashion world can't wait that long.

　　A.trendy B. worthy C. hearty D.touchy

　　35.—He spent little money in repairing the roof. Now the rain has ruined half his furniture.

　　— This is a plain example.

　　A.A penny saved is a penny gained

　　B.Many a little makes a mickle

　　C.Penny wise and pound foolish

　　D.From saving comes having

　　第二节：完形填空(共20小题;每小题1分，满分20分) 请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。

　　I just finished reading Rachel Held Evan's book A Year of Biblical Womanhood. There was one particular part

　　of the book that really made me think.

　　She did a bit of 36 and found that the majority of the world’s cocoa beans come from West Africa

　　where there are 37 working conditions and child slavery. And the children get there by 38_, and once there，they are often 39 treated. She came to an important 40_，“The coffee-and-chocolate experiment forced me to find an 41 fact to which I think most Americans can _ 42 :I had absolutely no idea where the majority of ray food came from”

　　whatever

　　ginninc

　　)lera.

　　Well, That was going to be a(n) 43 for me. I have supplies of 44 to eat. Mike knows to stop on his way from work if I am nearing the 45.Often he buys me bags of chocolate chips. I 46 chocolate in other rooms so I don't have to 47 with my kids. And now I am finding out that the money I spend on my 48_ is actually paying for something I am 49 to.

　　I will have to make a 50 .I will have to be more 51 of where my chocolate conies from (as well 2s look into other foods and goods I consume). 52 .I live within walking distance from a fair trade shop that has a large and delicious 53 . So far, Divine Milk Chocolate made in the USA is my 54 choice.

　　And, maybe it costs a bit more money, and that means I have to 55 . But，as it has been said, “when you

　　know better, you do better.”

　　36. A. research B. explanation C. revision D.prediction

　　37. A. favorable B. permanent C. terrible D.impressive

　　38. A. boycotting B. informing C. appealing D.kidnapping

　　39. A. equally B. badly C. formally D.warmly

　　40. A. agreement B. approval C. conclusion D.definition

　　41. A. unsuitable B. unforgettable C. unchangeable D. uncomfortable

　　42. A. relate B. contribute C. report D.reply

　　43. A. notice B. problem C.failure D.threat

　　44. A. chocolate B. milk C.bread D.fish

　　45. A. day B. shop C.end D.job

　　46. A. pick B.check C.make D.sneak

　　47. A. quarrel B. deal C.share D.reason

　　48. A. addiction B. recreation C.admiration D.collection

　　49. A. accustomed B. opposed C.devoted D.engaged

　　50. A. mess B. mistake C.change D.schedule

　　51. A. ashamed B. informed C.capable D.conscious

　　52. A. Luckily B. Actually C. Previously D.Certainly

　　53. A. element B. selection C.production D.adventure

　　54. A. former B. last C. first D.late

　　55. A. turn up B. pay off C.pay back D.cut back

　　第三部分：阅读理解(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)

　　请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。

　　A

　　Four Apps to Boost Your Productivity

　　When working or studying ,you can only focus for so long before your mind starts to wander.The Pomodoro Technoque(番茄工作法)helps you avoid this issue by breaking your day up into

　　25-minute focus sessions followed by five-minute breaks. Here's a quick dive into the Pomodoro Technoque, followed by 4 of the best Pomodoro timer apps to help you get started.

　　Pomodoro timer apps to help you get started.

　　Focus Booster(Web,Windows,macOS,iOS,Android)

　　• It lets you adjust the lengths of your focus and break sessions.

　　• You data synes across Focus Booster's web, mobile, and desktop apps.

　　PomoDoneApp (Web, Windows, macOS, Linux, iOS, Android)

　　• It lets you filter your data with powerful reporting options. •With its Chrome extension,you can blacklist certain websites during your focus period.

　　Tomatoes (Web)

　　If you're struggling to stick with the technique and need some additional motivation,Tomatoes offers a solution: motivation.

　　Get your coworkers involved, and compete against each other.It might even lead to useful data if one person in particular who works from home wins frequently.

　　Timerdoro (Web)

　　Sometimes,you need times for more than just pompdoros.In that case.Timerdoro has solution.

　　•It lets you create as many timers as you want to go off throughout the day.

　　• It reminds yourself to do multiple things throughout the workday.

　　56. We can learn from the passage that .

　　A. Focus Booster helps users switch from focues ,break sessions regularly

　　B.PomoDoneApp is ideal for molivating users to complete multi-tasks

　　C. Tomatoes offers assistance to those who prefer to compete with others

　　D. Timerdoro creates as many timers as possible to blacklist some websites

　　57.Which of the following timer apps can show the advantage of coworkers competing with each other?

　　A.Focus Booster B. PomoDoneApp. C. Tomatoes. D. Timerdoro.

　　B

　　Before 1815 producing in the United States had been done in homes or shops by skilled artisans (工匠).As workers, they passed on the knowledge of their trades to apprentices and journeymen. In addition,women often worked in their homes part-time, making finished articles from raw material supplied by merchant capitalists. After 1815 this older form of producing began to give way to factories with machinery tended by unskilled or semiskilled laborers. Cheap transportation networks, the rise of cities, and the availability of capital and credit all stimulated (刺激)the shift to factory production.

　　The factory changed that. Goods produced by factories were not as finished or elegant as those done by hand, and pride in craftsmanship (工艺)gave way to the pressure to increase rates of productivity. The new methods of doing business involved a new and stricter sense of time. Factory life necessitated a more rigid schedule, where work began at the sound of a bell and workers kept machines going at a constant pace.

　　The first generation to experience these changes did not adopt the new attitudes easily. The factory clock became the symbol of the new work rules. One mill worker who finally quit complained revealingly about “obedience (服从)to the ding-dong of the bell-just as though we are so many living machines.” With the loss of personal freedom also came the loss of standing in the community.

　　In this newly appearing economic order, workers sometimes organized to protect their rights and traditional ways of life. Craft workers such as carpenters, printers, and tailors formed unions, and in 1834 individual unions

　　a came together in the National Trades' Union. The labor movement made progress in the decade before the Panic sof 1837, but in the depression that followed, labor's strength collapsed. During hard times, few workers were willing to strike or engage in collective action. And skilled craft workers, who led the union movement, did not feel a particularly strong bond with semiskilled factory workers and unskilled laborers. More than a decade of agitation (抗议)did finally bring a workday shortened to 10 hours to most industries by the 1850’s，and the courts also recognized workers' right to strike, but these gains had little immediate impact.

　　Workers were united in feeling angry or upset about the industrial system and their loss of status, but they were divided by ethnic and racial antagonisms (对立)，gender, conflicting religious perspectives, occupational differences, political party loyalties, and disagreements over tactics (策略).For them, the factory and industrialism were not agents of opportunity but reminders of their loss of independence and a measure of control over their lives. As United States society became more specialized and differentiated, greater extremes of wealth began to appear. And as the new markets created fortunes for the few, the factory system lowered the wages of workers by dividing labor into smaller and less skilled tasks.

　　58.What can be inferred from the passage about articles produced before 1815?

　　A. They were primarily produced by women.

　　B. They were generally produced in shops rather than in homes.

　　C.They were produced mostly in large cities with large transportation networks.

　　D. They were produced with more concern for quality than for speed of production.

　　59.What does the complaint from a mill worker in Paragraph 3 convey?

　　A. Clocks did not have a useful function in factories.

　　B. It was difficult for workers to adjust to working in factories,

　　C. Factories were most successful when workers revealed their complaints.

　　D. Workers sometimes quit because of the loud noise made by factory machinery.

　　60. The author identifies political party loyalties, and disagreements over tactics as two of several factors that .

　　A.created divisions among workers

　　B. caused work to become more specialized

　　C.encouraged workers to demand higher wages

　　D. increased workers’ complaint of the industrial system

　　C

　　Chemists have sped up evolution, harnessing a process that can take millions of years in the natural world and using it—in months or weeks一to make unusual molecules that today are used for everything from“green” biofuels (生物燃料)to cancer drugs. Today that speed and efficiency was rewarded with the Nobel Prize in Chemistry.

　　Frances H. Arnold won half of the 2018 prize for directing evolution in a test tube, speeding up the natural selection of the most productive enzymes (酶)to drive chemical reactions. The other half of the prize went to George P. Smith and Sir Gregory P. Winter.

　　All three scientists took Charles Darwin’s idea of natural selection, in which molecules (分子)or organisms accumulate mutations (突变)in a slow, random process, and figured out ways to identify and select specific mutations that improve the ability of molecules such as proteins and enzymes. By picking and choosing enzymes with improved abilities and repeatedly refining them, Arnold ended up with one that performed 256 times better than the original.

　　“This was a revolution based on evolution,” says Claes Gustafsson, a member of the Nobel Committee for Chemistry. "Now you can use these enzymes to speed up reaction and to replace poisonous chemicals.

　　Arnold began feline of research in the early 1990s. In a speech several years ago she said the notion of improving on the natural course of evolution was an idea that needed to come from an outsider. 'Twenty-five years ago it was considered the lunatic fringe (狂热者，极端分子)，” Arnold said in 2014. Scientists didn’t do that. Gentlemen didn't do that： since I'm an engineer and not a gentleman, I had no problem with that.”

　　Smith's research, begun in the 1980s, used a bacteriophage (噬菌体). Genes code for proteins, and Smith got his phages to display those proteins on their outer coats. He then used antibodies to fish out the proteins he was interested in. This process is called phage display. The ability to select specific proteins, cycle their genes back through the phage, and again fish out the best ones sped up natural selection.

　　Winter put the genes for antibodies inside phages, got the phages to produce a.t.bod.es^n the,: IKP, a „ 丨t0 fish out only antibodies that had a particular kind of binding site (结合部位)，so Winter ,had developed a way of producing highly efficient antibodies in a short period of time. Because of this, Claes says, “Now we can use antibody drugs with greater efficient and fewer side effects.”Of the 15 most-sold grugs on the planet, she says. 11 are now made by process^ based on this method.

　　61.Why does the Nobel Prize in Chemistry go to Frances H. Arnold?

　　A. She followed Charles Danvin's idea ofnatural selection.

　　B. She found ways to use viruses to produce powerful proteins.

　　C. She developed a way of producing highly efficient ant.bod.es,

　　D. She directed evolution and accelerated the natural selection of enzymes.

　　62.What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 5 imply?

　　A. She was regarded as 3. lunatic fringe.

　　B. She dared to break through conventional idea.

　　C. She took advantage of her gender (性别).

　　D. She was supported by other scientists.

　　63. What attitude does Claes Gustafsson hold towards the use of antibody drugs?

　　A. Critical. B. Ambiguous. C. Casual. D. Favorable.

　　64. What’s the best title for the passage?

　　A. Revolution in Evolution Wins 2018 Nobel Prize in Chemistry

　　B. Three Scientists Speeding up the Natural Selection of the World

　　C. Charles Darwin’s idea of natural selection becoming outdated

　　D. Scientists Finding a New Method for Wresting with Cancer

　　D

　　To learn to think i s to question. Those who don't question never truly think for themselves. These are simple rules that have governed the advancement of science and human thought since the beginning of time.Advancements are made when thinkers question theories and introduce new ones. Unfortunately, it is often the great and respected thinkers who end up slowing the progress of human thought. Aristotle was a brilliant philosopher whose theories explained much of the natural world, often incorrectly. He was so esteemed by the scientific community that even 1,200 years after his death, scientists were still trying to build upon his mistakes rather than correct them!

　　Brilliant minds can intimidate up-and-coming thinkers who are not confident of their abilities. They often believe they are inferior to the minds of giants such as Aristotle, leading many to accept current paradigms instead of questioning them!

　　I，like many thinkers of the past, once believed in my mental inferiority. I was certain that my parents, my teachers—adults in general—were always right. They were like a textbook lo me; I didn't question what was written on those pages. I respected them, and accepted whatever they told me. But that attitude soon changed. My mind’s independence was first stimulated in the classroom.

　　A stem, 65-year-old elementary-school science teacher once told me that light is a type of wave. I confidently went through years of school believing that light is a wave. One day, however, I heard the German exchange student mention that light could be made up of particles. As the others laughed at his statement, I started to question my beliefs.

　　Maybe the teachers and textbooks hadn't given me the whole story. I went to the library, did some research and learned of the light-as-a-wave versus light-as-a-particle debate. I read about Einstein's discovery of the dual nature of light and learned the facts of a paradox (悖论)that puzzles the world's greatest thinkers to this day. Light behaves as both a particle and a wave, it is both at once. I realized I had gone through life accepting only half of the story as the whole truth.

　　Each new year brought more new facts, and I formulated even more questions. I found myself in the library after school, trying to find my own answers to gain a more complete understanding of what I thought I already knew. I discovered that my parents and teachers are incredible tools in my quest for knowledge, but they are never the final word. Even textbooks can be challenged, I learned to question my sources, I learned to be a thinker. I once believed that everything I learned at home and at school was certain, but I have now discovered to re-examine when necessary.

　　Questions are said to be the path to knowledge and truth, and I plan to continue questioning. How many things do we know for sure today that we will question in the future? At this moment, I know that our sun will burn for another five billion years,

　　and I know nothing can escape the gravity of a black hole.This

　　knowledge,however,may change in the next 20 years-maybe even in the next two. The one thing we can control now is our openness to discovery. Questions are the tools of open minds, and open minds arc the key to intellectual advancenent.

　　65. In the first paragraph, Aristotle is taken as an example to show that .

　　A. he is the greatest and respected philosopher of all time

　　B. huge mfluence of great thinkers may block human thought

　　C. advancements are made when thinkers question theories

　　D. great thinkers often make mistakes and then correct them

　　66.What does the underlined word “intimidate”in Paragraph 2 mean?

　　A. frighten B. encourage C.strength D.perisuade

　　67. The author began to question his previous beliefs because .

　　A.what he learned from textbooks before turned out to be wrong

　　B.he was inspired by the different ideas from an exchange student

　　C. he was laughed at by other students for his unacceptable statement

　　D. he was not satisfied with his life and desperate to achieve success

　　68. According to the passage, the author .

　　A. looks down upon great thinkers all the time

　　B. never doubts what he has learned in the textbook

　　C. always throws himself into the laboratory

　　D. determines to be a thinker and questioner'

　　69. We can conclude from the last paragraph that .

　　A. the author is not quite sure about his future

　　B. we human beings don’t dare to predict future C.questioning is necessary to promote advancement

　　D. the theory of black holes will change in two years

　　70. What does the passage mainly talk about?

　　A. Following rules. B. Challenging yourself.

　　C. Questioning giants. D. Predicting future.

　　第Ⅱ卷(非选择题，共三大题，35分)

　　第四部分：任务型阅读(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)

　　请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填1个单词。请将答案写在答题纸上相应题号的横线上。

　　Pretending you’re someone else can make you creative

　　One great irony (讽刺)about our collective fascination with creativity is that we tend to frame it in uncreative ways. That is to say, most of us many creativity to our concept of self: We are either “creative” people or we aren’t, without much of a middle ground.

　　Pillay, a tech businessman and Harvard professor has spent a good part of his career destroying these ideas. Pillay believes that the key to unlocking your creative potential is to dismiss the conventional advice that urges to “believe in yourself，. In fact, you should do the exact opposite: believe you are someone else.

　　In a recent column for Harvard Business Review, Pillay pointed to a 2016 study showing the impact of stereotypes (刻板印象)on one’s behavior The authors, education psychologists Denis Dumas and Kevin Dunbar, divided their college-student subjects into three categories, instructing the members of one group to think of themselves as “eccentric (古怪的)poets” and the members of another to imagine they were “rigid librarians.”(people in the third category, the control group，were left alone for this part). The researchers then presented participants with 10 ordinary objects, including a fork, a carrot, and a pair of pants, and asked them to come up with as many different uses as possible for each one. Those who were asked to imagine themselves as “eccentric poets”came up with the widest range of iders for the objects,while those in the “rigid librarian” group had the fewest. Meanwhile,the searchers found only small differences in students’ creativity levels across academic majors—in fad, the physics majors inhabiting (寄生)the personas (伪装的外表)of "eccentric poets" came up with more ideas than the art majors did.

　　These results, write Dumas and Dunbar, suggest that creativity is not an individual quality, but a “malleable (可塑的)product of context and perspective." Everyone can be creative, as long as they feel like creative people.

　　Pillay's work ,takes this a step further: He argues that identifying yourself with creativity is less powerful than the creative act of imagining you're somebody else. This exercise, which he calls "psychological halloweenism,” refers to the conscious action of inhabiting another persona—an inner costuming of the self. It works because it is an act of “conscious unfocus", a way of positively stimulating Ihe default mode (默认模式)network, a collection of brain regions that spring into action when you're not focused on a specific task or thought.

　　Most of us spend too much time worrying about two things: How successful/unsuccessful we are, and how little we’re focusing on the task at hand. The former feeds the latter—an unfocused person is an unsuccessful one, we believe. Thus, we force ourselves into quiet areas, buy noise-canceling headphones, and hate ourselves for taking breaks.

　　What makes Pillay’s argument stand out is its healthy, forgiving realism: According to him, most people spend nearly half of their days in a state of 44unfocus”. This doesn’t make us lazy people - it makes us human. The Klea behind psychological halloweenism is: What if we stopped judging ourselves for our mental down time, and instead started using it? Putting this new idea on daydreaming means addressing two problems at once: You，re making yourself more creative, and you’re giving yourself permission to do something you’d otherwise fed guilty about. Imagining yourself in a new situation, or an entirely new identity, never felt so productive.

　　第五部分：书面表达(满分25分)

　　More than 100,000 volunteers in 132 cities spent a weekend picking up plastic and other waster across the country,in aa joint wordwide effort to clean up the planct.

　　To celebrate the 10th World Cleanup Day on Stet 15,some 700 non-profit NGOs(non-goverment al originations)and social groups help activities aimed at cleaning up the environment and tacking the waste crisis throughout China,mobilizing an estimated mollion-plus people.

　　From snowcapped mountains to vast oceans,people united in taking action to remove wast from the environment to raise awareness of the severity of the crisis.

　　“Where there is a will,every day can be and should be ‘Cleanup Day’，”says Ma Yongjian,a volunteer from Beijing who recently did“plogging ”-jogging while picking up trash =with friends in Yudong Park in the northwest of the city.

　　“We must change the way of living we are used to,to reduce waste from its source,”says Joe Harvey,a British national and promoter of “zoro waste”lifestyles in China.He and his girlfriend Carrie Yu created The Bulk House,a brand that proides zero-waste solutions for daily living.They are urging people to reduce or eliminate the use of plastic single-use disposables, such as plastic utensils, bags and beverage bottles.

　　Sounding a note of caution, Mao Da, a specialist in environmental history at Beijing Nornial University, says.“In recent years, the massive consumption materialistic craze have worsened the waste situation as trash has been Produced at a faster pace and in greater quantities." ,

　　【写作内容】

　　1.以约30个词概括文章大意。

　　2.以120个词就“世界清理日"这个主题发表你的看法，内容要包括如下要点：

　　(1)你对于“世界清理日"及类似活动有哪些看法?

　　(2)你觉得要采取哪些措施来保持环境整洁?

　　【写作要求】

　　1.可以便用实例或其它论述方法支持你的论点，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接照抄原文;

　　2.标题自定。

　　【评分标准】

　　概括准确、语言规范、内容合适、篇章连贯。

　　高三英语期中试卷

　　参考答案及评分标准

　　第一部分：听力(每小题1分，满分20分)

　　1-5 CCACB 6-10 CBACB 11-15 BAACA 16-20 BCBAA

　　第二部分：英语知识运用

　　第一节：单项填空(每小题1分，满分15分)

　　21-25 BCDBA 26-30 CDDAB 31-35 ADBAC

　　第二节：完形填空(每小题1分，满分20分)

　　36-40ACDBC 41-45 DABAC 46-50 DCABC 51-55 DABCD

　　第三部分：阅读理解(每小题2分，满分30分)

　　56-57 AC 58-60 DBA 61-64 DBDA 65-70 BABDCC

　　第四部分：任务型阅读(每小题l分，满分l0分)

　　71. fascinated/impressed 72. Contrary 73. worked/acted/served/functioned 74. given

　　75. creativity 76. individual/personal 77. positively 78. subscribes

　　79. realistic/practical 80. forgive

　　第五部分: 书面表达(满分25分)

　　One possible version:

　　A great many volunteers throughout the country made joint efforts to pick up rubbish scattered around so as to bring the severity of environmental crisis into the public focus.

　　The past decades have witnessed the development of economy, but we pay a high price for it, damaging the environment. To observe the 10th World Clean Up Day, the Chinese participate in this worldwide action. Some organizations have carried out various programs targeted at cleaning up our surroundings and awakening people’s awareness of environmental protection. In response to the campaigns launched, people do their bits to help sustain the planet where we co-exist.

　　As for individuals, we can start from minor things as follows. To begin with, we can use energy-saving products as much as possible. In the second place, we cannot throw rubbish at will and we can eliminate using plastic and disposable chopsticks. Only when we all enhance the eco-friendly awareness can we enjoy a healthier life.

　　评分注意事项:

　　1. 一个大错，归第五档(21-25)，然后看小错及语言，再确定在18分以上还是以下。

　　2. 两到三个大错，归第四档(16—20)，然后看小错及语言在14上下浮动。

　　3. 三到四个大错，归第三档(11—15)。注意：如果三个大错，看小错及语言的情况，可以

　　归第三档也可以归第四档。

　　4. 如果只有四，五个句子对，归第二档(6—10)。

　　5. 只有两三个句子对，归最低档(0—5)。

　　6. 一句都不对，零分。

　　另外：

　　1. 词数少于130或多于170的，从总分中减去1分。

　　2. 句子语法结构、时态、语态错误为大错;介词、冠词、单词拼写、大小写、标点符号

　　等方面的错误为小错;3处小错相当于1处大错;相同错误只扣一次。

　　内容要点：

　　1. 约30词的概要 (8分)

　　2. 你对于“世界清理日”及类似活动有哪些看法?(8分)

　　3. 你觉得要采取哪些措施来保持环境整洁?(8分)

　　4. 字数及书写(1分)

　　具体档次划分:

　　[第五档] (21-25分)

　　完全完成了试题规定的任务。覆盖所有主要内容;应用了较多的语法结构和词汇;语法结构或词汇方面有些许错误，但为尽力使用较复杂结构或较高级词汇所致;有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑;完全达到预期的写作目的;有较强的语言运用能力。

　　[第四档] (16-20分)

　　完成了试题规定的任务。虽漏掉1,2个次要点,但覆盖所有主要内容;应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求;语法结构或词汇方面应用基本准确，些许错误主要是因尝试较复杂结构或较高级词汇所致;应用简单的语句间的连接成分，使全文内容连贯;达到了预期的写作目的。

　　[第三档] (11-15分)

　　基本完成了试题规定的任务。虽漏掉一些内容,但覆盖所有主要内容;应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求;有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误，但不影响理解;应用简单的语句间的连接成分，使全文内容连贯;整体而言,基本达到了预期的写作目的。

　　[第二档] (6-10分)

　　未恰当完成试题规定的任务。漏掉或未描述清楚一些主要内容，写了一些无关内容;语法结构单调，词汇项目有限;有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误，影响了对写作内容的理解;较少使用语句间的连接成分，内容缺少连贯性;信息未能清楚地传达给读者。

　　[第一档] (1-5分)

　　未完成试题规定的任务。明显漏掉主要内容,写了一些无关内容，原因可能是未理解试题要求;语法结构单调，词汇项目有限;较多语法结构或词汇方面的错误，影响了对写作内容的理解;缺乏语句间的连接成分，内容不连贯;信息未能清楚地传达给读者。

　　不得分 (0分)

　　未能传达给读者任何信息;内容太少，无法评判;写的内容均与所要求内容无关或所写内容无法看清。

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