高考英语必备的语法知识点有哪些
高考英语必备的语法知识点有哪些
英语是高考必考科目，为了高考必须提高英语成绩，而语法知识又是英语的基础点，只有学好了英语的语法知识，才能提高英语成绩。下面是小编分享的高考英语必备的语法知识点，一起来看看吧。
高考英语必备的语法知识点
1、常见连接词
(1)表选择关系或对等关系的连接词：either…or…,neither…nor…,or,aswellas,and,both…and….
(2)表因果关系的连接词：therefore,so,asaresult,astheresultof,becauseof,dueto,owingto,thanksto等。
(3)表时间顺序的连接词：
the moment,as soon as,at first,then,later,mean while,at the beginning,in the end,before long,for the first time,the minute.
(4)表转折关系的连接词：yet,and yet,but,while,on the contrary,on the otherhand,however,at the same time等。
(5)表解释说明的连接词：that is,that is to say,in other words,such as,for example,for instance,and soon,etc,
and the like,and what not等。
(6)表总结的连接词：in aword,onthe whole,in short,to sumup,in all等
2、主语
主语：主语是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。在原始的简单句中，主语可由名词、代词、数词、名词化的形容词表示。例如：
During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular.(名词)
We often speak English in class.(代词)
One-third of the students in this class are girls.(数词)
The rich should help the poor.(名词化的形容词)
3、谓语
谓语(动词)：谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。动词在句中作谓语，一般放在主语之后。谓语的构成如下：
1.简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。如：He practices running every morning.
2.复合谓语：(1)由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。如：You may keep the book for two weeks. He has caughta bad cold. (2)由系动词加表语构成。如：We are students.
在英语中一个简单句只能有一个谓语动词(知道为什么吗)，而且，我们平时学习的时态是针对谓语动词来说。如果以do为例，do, did ,have done, will do, had done, is/am/are doing, was/were doing, would do。在简单句中，谓语动词和主语是句子的核心，是不可以随意删掉的。
4、宾语
3、宾语：宾语表示动作的对象或承受者，一般位于及物动词和介词后面。例如：
They went to see an exhibition(展览)yesterday.(名词)
The heavy rain prevented me from coming to school on time.(代词)
How many dictionaries do you have? I have five.(数词)
They helped the old with their housework yesterday.(名词化形容词)
5、表语
4、表语：表语用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态，它一般位于系动词(如be, become, get, look, grow, turn, seem等)之后。表语一般由名词、代词、形容词、分词、数词。
Our teacher of English is an American.(名词)
Is it yours?(代词)
The weather has turned cold.(形容词)
The speech is exciting.(分词)
Three times seven is twenty one?(数词)
高考英语常考语法知识点
一、动词时态及语态题(大家应该记住我所讲过的九种时态，特别是其中的过去完成，过去进行时，客观真理要用一般现在时等)
1、The manager told us that this factory was built in 1958.
2、By the time we got there, the play had already begun.
3、When I was a child, I knew that the earth turns about its axis.
4、When Mr.Delay got home after a day’s exhausting work, his wife and children were sleeping.
二、非谓语动词题(特别是现在分词与过时分词的区别，大家一定要弄明白主动与被动这对最最重要的区别，要求大家多看我的上课笔记)
1、The film showed last night was very moving. (不用moved，大家别忘了-ed形容词和-ing形容词的区别)
2、Having finishing his lecture, the teacher asked if anyone wished to asked a question.
3、The problem being discussed is very important.
4、Given more time, we are sure to finish it.
5、Will you please make yourself known to everyone here?
三、 It作形式主语及形式宾语题(这也是一个常考点，it本身是没有意思的,注意it还可以指时间，天气等。)
1、It is difficult to study English well.
2、We think it is important to pass the exam.
四、 强调句型(大家要记住的是it is (was)…….that….,如果前面是it is/was 后面往往选用that，当然强调人的时候也可用who)
1、It was at an evening party that I first saw her.
2、It is what you will do that is important.
3、When was it that he bought a new car?
五、 倒装句型
全部倒装句(这种全部倒装题历年只考过一次，考得最多的都是下面的部分倒装)
1、Stop talking! There comes the teacher.
部分倒装句(如果选项里面有两个主谓倒装了，两个没有,我们一般要在倒装里做选择)
1、So badly was he hurt in the accident that he had to be sent to hospital.
2、Not only does he study well, but also he is always ready to help others.
3、Mary has done well in the English exam. So she has. She always does well in the exam.
高考英语的语法技巧
动词
(1)如果所给词是动词，空格前是名词或代词，比较复杂的时候是动名词、不定式或者主语从句，那么这个空一定是缺谓语，所以要根据上下文判断句子的时态和语态。如the young man ________(present)the water to the old.根据上下文可以判断是一般过去式presented.
(2)如果句子不缺谓语，而所给词又是动词，如果能排除是词形转换题的话，那么这个空一定是非谓语动词。学生要清楚的知道非谓语动词包括动词不定式、动名词、现在分词和过去分词以及他们的被动式和完成时等。同时要记住动词不定式在句子中可以充当除了谓语之外的所有句子成分，多数情况下，动词不定式表示动作还未发生;动名词可以在句子中做主语、宾语、表语和定语;现在分词和过去分词做定语、状语、补语和表语。同时，现在分词通常表示动作正在进行，和逻辑主语是主谓关系，而过去分词表示动作已完成或者和逻辑主语是动宾关系。
基本知识掌握后，还要关注上下文中提供的关键词来判断是哪种非谓语动词形式，比如watch,see, notice,hear等词，那么有doing 和do 两种情况，诸如此类的加动词不定式和动名词的单词和短语学生都积累了不少，所以只要做题时加以关注，还是没有问题的。现在分词和过去分词的判定比不定式和动名词要难，但是，只要记住固定句式结构之外就是要找准动词和逻辑主语之间的关系，尤其是主句之前或者之后出现了逗号这种情况，尤其要引起注意。如he spit it out, ______(say)it was awful.(saying)
名词
名词在语法填空中出现的几率比较低，但是名词却是做自由填空的一个非常重要的参照物。名词在提示性填空部分，最可能出现的题就是动词转化成名词这种形式。但是学生必须明确名词的特点。单数可数名词前面必须有三类修饰限定词：a.必须有a/an,the;b.必须有形容词性的物主代词;c.必须有指示代词this或者that以及不定代词。三者是必有其一，互不兼容。不可数名词最显著的特点就是不能与a/an连用，但是英语中要注意一词多义的情况(如抽象名词具体化)。
形容词和副词
首先，要让学生确切的知道，形容词在句子中充当的句子成分和所处位置。a.形容词可以放在名词前面做定语;b.形容词可以在系动词后面作表语;c.形容词可以放在宾语后做宾语补足语。副词在句子中所充当的句子成分和所处的位置。a.副词放在动词的前后做动词状语;b.副词放在形容词前做形容词的状语;c.副词放在副词前面做状语。这样，学生会比较明确的判断句子所缺的是什么。如，his teacher took a deep drink, smiled______(warm),and thanked his student very much for the sweet water.(warmly)
其次，要明确形容词和副词之间的词性和词形转换。根据前文，学生能够判断句子却的是形容词还是副词之后，根据上下文逻辑结构和句子意思，通过加减前后缀的办法把题目做正确。如2010年广东卷考查了副词warmly： ... His teacher took a deep drink, smiled ________(warm), and thanked his student very much for the sweet water...另外，2007年广东卷考查了副词merrily：...We drank together and talked _______(merry) till far into the night... 第三，注意形容词和副词的比较级别，同级比较用as...as...和not so...as...,其中要加形容词副词的原级。用形容词和副词取决于前面的动词是系动词还是实义动词;比较级有比较连词than或者根据上下文判断有隐性的比较;最高级前面有标志性的词the。
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