八年级英语下unit5知识点总结(3)
八年级英语下unit5知识点总结
【拓展】work有三个意思很容易弄混：
⑴ 表示“工作”，是不可数名词：
He has too much work to do. 他要做的工作太多。
work →worker
⑵. 表示“著作”或“作品”，是可数名词，但多用复数：
He has read many of Hemingway’s works.
⑶ 表示“工厂”，只用复数形式，但可表示单数意义：
The glass works(=factory) is [are] near the station. 玻璃工 厂在车站附近。
【2012曲靖中考】 Mymother is a doctor , and my father is a _________ (work).
12. Ben was helping his mom make dinner when the rain began to beat heavily againstthe windows.
当雨点开始重重地打在窗户上的时候，本正在帮助他的妈妈做晚饭。
【解析1】.beat与win辨析
We beat them by the score of 2 to 1. 我们以2:1赢了他们。
Which team won the football match? 哪个对赢了那场足球赛?
【解析2】heavily 在很大程度上;大量地
【拓展】heavy adj. 重的(反) light → heavily adv 猛烈地
【注】形容雨雪下得大用heavily/hard
①It rained ______ (heavy) ,so he didn’t go to work yesterday.
②Sometimes it rains ____ in Xi’an in summer.
A.heavy B. heavily C. strong D. strongly
【2012广西玉林】33. —Peter is _______ than you, right?
—Yes, but he is _______runner in our class.
A. heavier; best B. heavy; the best
C. heavier; the best D. heavy; better
【2013黔西南】121. Sometimes it rains _________in Guizhouin summer .
A. heavily B. heavy C. strong D. Strongly
【解析3】 against 倚;碰;撞
⑴表示“反对”，其反义词为 for。若表示“强烈反对”，一般用副词 strongly：
Are you for or against the plan?
你对这个计划是赞成还是反对呢?你对这个计划是赞成还是反对
⑵表示位置，意为“靠着”、“顶着”、等：
The teacher’s desk is against the wall.
老师的办公桌靠墙放着。
He stood leaning against the tree.
他站着斜靠在墙上
【2013临沂3】50. Mr. Wang is strongly ____ keeping animals in the zoo, because he thinks animals should also enjoy freedom.
A. up B. for C.against D. down
【2013青岛1】68. I'm ______ building a new zoo because I think zoos are terrible places for animals to live in.
A. against B. on C. in D. for
13.Ben could not sleep at first. 起初，本睡不着。
【解析】 at first 首先;最初
【拓展】(1) at first = at the beginning 最初，开始【强调在时间顺序或做某事过程等开始之时
(2) first of all 首先，第一 【表明陈述事情的重要性】
When you want to work for our country in the future, ____, we should have strong body and rich knowledge.
A. at first B. first of all C. for the first time D. after all
【山东德州】 We can do a lot to stay healthy.____ , we should eat a balanced(平衡的) diet.
A. At a time B. In fact C. First of all D. All together
14. He finally fell asleep when the wind was dying down at around 3:00 a.m
在大约凌晨三点逐渐减弱的时候，本终于睡着了。
【解析1】 fall asleep 进入梦乡;睡着
【拓展】sleep / asleep 辨析：
(1) sleep =be in bed v 睡觉，指睡的动作状态，
(2) get to sleep=fall asleep 入睡，强调进入睡眠的状态
(3)go to bed 上床睡觉，强调睡觉的动作。
【记】 He went to bed at ten last night , but he didn’t go to sleep until . He only fell asleep for 5 hours.
( ) — Jim, Where is your sister? — Oh，She is still in bed.
A. going to bed B. in her bedroom C. sleeping D. sleepy
【2013江苏泰州】David fell _________(sleep) in class because he stayed up too late last night.
be asleep | 强调睡着的状态 | The baby is asleep |
fall asleep | 强调入睡的动作 | My father was so tired that he fell asleep quickly |
( ) He found it was hard to get to sleep those days.
A. sleeping B. fall asleep C. be asleep
【拓展】fall asleep, sleep, go to sleep, get to sleep, go to bed用法区别。
⑴fall asleep属“连系动词+表语”结构，“入睡;睡着”，指进入梦乡，往往含有“不知不觉就睡着了“的意思。asleep在此作表语形容词。
He was just falling asleep when there was a loud knock at the door.
他刚要入睡时，这时传来了响亮的敲门声。
⑵ sleep指睡觉时的一种状态，是一个延续性的动词。
He likes to sleep for an hour in the afternoon.
他喜欢在下午睡上一个小时。
⑶ go to sleep意为“入睡，睡着”，强调从开始睡到睡着的过程。
I just want to close my eyes and go to sleep as quickly as possible.
我只是想闭上眼睛，尽快地睡上一觉。
⑷get to sleep与go to sleep意思相近，但它强调的是进入睡眠状态。
She wastoo excited to get to sleep last night. 她昨晚因太激动而不能入睡。
⑸go to bed“就寝”，“上床睡觉”，指上床去睡这个动作，与get up相对应。
The students in our school usually get up at six in the morning and go to bed at half past nine in the evening.
我们学校的学生通常早晨六点起床，晚上九点半睡觉。
【解析2】 die down 逐渐变弱;逐渐消失
【拓展】die down与die out的用法区别：
指火的熄灭时，用die down或die out皆可。
die down往往指火势由强到弱慢慢熄灭，植物慢慢死亡这一过程;
die out则指熄灭这一事实，而且不及die down用的普遍。
die down:反映风、声音、愤怒、掌声、战斗等平息下来。
die out:指家庭、种族、物种、组织、信仰等的消失或消亡。
This kind of bird has died out in the world.这种鸟已经在世界上灭绝了。
15. When he woke up. the sun was rising
当他醒来的时候，太阳已经升起来了。
【解析1】wake up (v+ adv) 醒来;睡醒
【2012广东河源】_____ , Tom! It’s time to get up and go to school.
A. Wake up B. Make up C. Grow up D. Look up
【2013南京中考】— What’s wrong with you, Eric? You look tired.
— I _____ to prepare for the final exam last night.
A. picked up B. woke up C. stayed up D. put up
【解析2】rise 增加;提高;增强;上升，升起
rise | 升起；上升 | 主语自身移向较高位置 | Price rose gradually |
raise | 举起；提高 | 主语发出的动作作用于其他事物 | Let’s raise our glasses to Tom. |
( ) The river ___ two inches this morning.
A. rose B. raised C. are getting up D. grow