2023年新高考一卷英语试题及参考答案
2023新高考一卷二卷都是由教育部依据同一份考试大纲命制的，两份试卷的试题结构基本相同，区别不大。下面小编为大家带来2023年新高考一卷英语试题及参考答案，希望对您有所帮助!
2023年全国新高考一卷英语试题
本试卷共 12 页。考试结束后 , 将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
注意事项 : 1. 答题前 , 考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚 , 将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。
2. 选择题必须使用 2B 铅笔填涂 ; 非选择题必须使用 0.5 毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写 , 字体工整、笔迹清楚。
3. 请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答 , 超出答题区域书写的答案无效 ; 在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。
4. 作图可先使用铅笔画出 , 确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。
5. 保持卡面清洁 , 不要折叠 , 不要弄破、弄皱 , 不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。
第一部分 听力( 1-20 小题)在笔试结束后进行。(共 5 小题 ; 每小题 1.5 分 , 满分 7.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题 , 从题中所给的 A 、 B 、 C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后 , 你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例: How much is the shirt?
A. ?19.15. B. ?9.18. C. ?9.15.
答案是C。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What will Jack probably do this weekend?
A. Go camping. B. Visit a friend. C. Watch a film.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the woman ask the man to do?
A. Take care of her bags.
B. Pack the food for her.
C. Check the train schedule.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
When will the man see Bob?
A. This Friday. B. This Saturday. C. Next Monday.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Why does the man apologize?
A. For the terrible food.
B. For the overcharge.
C. For the waiter’s rudeness.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What are the speakers talking about?
A. Writing a book. B. Holding a celebration. C. Buying a present.
第二节(共 15 小题 ; 每小题 1.5 分 , 满分 22.5 分)
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. Why does Sara make the phone call?
A. To ask for advice. B. To arrange an outing. C. To cancel an appointment.
7. What does David want to do?
A. Go to a dinner party. B. Talk to Sara in person. C. Work on the new case.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. Where is Jim now?
A. In a taxi. B. On a bus. C. In his office.
9. What is the woman’s suggestion?
A. Going to the city center.
B. Taking a short cut home.
C. Meeting Jim in the park.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
10. What did Clara do at the weekend?
A. She planted vegetables.
B. She went to a yard sale.
C. She visited her grandpa.
11. What did Mark find inside one of the books he bought?
A. A plane ticket. B. A family photo. C. A post card.
12. Where does Mark live?
A. Los Angeles. B. Chicago. C. Philadelphia.
13. What is the relationship between Mark and Ashley?
A. Brother and sister. B. Husband and wife. C. Father and daughter.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
14. What is probably the woman?
A. A teacher. B. A journalist. C. An athlete.
15. What does Victor find difficult as a member of the basketball team?
A. Adapting himself to the intense training.
B. Dealing with the pressure from the coach.
C.Regaining the skills learned in high school.
16. What does Victor say about the players on the team?
A. They are of the same age.
B. They are similar in character.
C. They are from different countries.
17. How does Victor feel about his team now?
A. It’s about to break up. B. It’s the best in Indiana. C. It’s getting stronger.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
18. Who is Tom Hokinson?
A. Founder of a magazine. B. Publisher of a novel. C. Editor of a newspaper.
19. What do we know about the content of The Idler?
A. It’s old-fashioned. B. It’s wide-ranging. C. It’s student-targeted.
20. Why does the speaker give the talk?
A. To do a promotion. B. To discuss an issue. C. To introduce a lecturer.
第二部分 阅读 ( 共两节，满分 50 分 )
第一节 ( 共 15 小题 ; 每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分 )
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Bike Rental & Guided Tours
Welcome to Amsterdam, welcome to MacBike. You see much more from the seat of a bike! Cycling is the most economical, sustainable and fun way to explore the city, with its beautiful canals, parks, squares and countless lights. You can also bike along lovely landscapes outside of Amsterdam.
Why MacBike
MacBike has been around for almost 30 years and is the biggest bicycle rental company in Amsterdam. With over 2,500 bikes stored in our five rental shops at strategic locations, we make sure there is always a bike available for you. We offer the newest bicycles in a wide variety, including basic bikes with foot brake (刹车), bikes with hand brake and gears (排挡), bikes with child seats, and children’s bikes.
Prices
Hand Brake, Three GearsFoot Brake, No Gears
1 hour?7.50?5.00
3 hours?11.00?7.50
1 day (24 hours)?14.75?9.75
Each additional day?8.00?6.00
Guided City Tours
The 2.5-hour tour covers the Gooyer Windmill, the Skinny Bridge, the Rijksmuseum, Heineken Brewery and much more. The tour departs from Dam Square every hour on the hour, starting at 1:00 pm every day. You can buy your ticket in a MacBike shop or book online.
21. What is an advantage of MacBike?
A. It gives children a discount. B. It offers many types of bikes.
C. It organizes free cycle tours. D. It has over 2,500 rental shops.
22. How much do you pay for renting a bike with hand brake and three gears for two days?
A. ?15.75. B. ?19.50. C. ?22.75. D. ?29.50.
23. Where does the guided city tour start?
A. The Gooyer, Windmill. B. The Skinny Bridge.
C. Heineken Brewery. D. Dam Square.
B
When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making.
After studying agriculture,medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌)? Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals? With the right combination of animals and plants, he figured, maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did. He decided to build what he would later call an eco-machine.
The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge (污泥). First, he constructed a series of clear fiberglass tanks connected to each other. Then he went around to local ponds and streams and brought back some plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem. After a few weeks, John added the sludge.
He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water.
Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse — like facility that treated sewage (污水) from 1,600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China.
“Ecological design” is the name John gives to what he does. “Life on Earth is kind of a box of spare parts for the inventor,” he says. “You put organisms in new relationships and observe what’s happening. Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair.”
24. What can we learn about John from the first two paragraphs?
A. He was fond of traveling. B. He enjoyed being alone.
C. He had an inquiring mind. D. He longed to be a doctor.
25. Why did John put the sludge into the tanks?
A. To feed the animals. B. To build an ecosystem.
C. To protect the plants. D. To test the eco-machine.
26. What is the author’s purpose in mentioning Fuzhou?
A. To review John’s research plans. B. To show an application of John’s idea.
C. To compare John’s different jobs. D. To erase doubts about John’s invention.
27. What is the basis for John’s work?
A. Nature can repair itself. B. Organisms need water to survive.
C. Life on Earth is diverse. D. Most tiny creatures live in groups.
C
The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism, including a detailed exploration of what it asks and why it works, and then to teach you how to adopt this philosophy if you decide it’s right for you.
To do so, I divided the book into two parts. In part one, I describe the philosophical foundations of digital minimalism, starting with an examination of the forces that are making so many people’s digital lives increasingly intolerable, before moving on to a detailed discussion of the digital minimalism philosophy.
Part one concludes by introducing my suggested method for adopting this philosophy: the digital declutter. This process requires you to step away from optional online activities for thirty days. At the end of the thirty days, you will then add back a small number of carefully chosen online activities that you believe will provide massive benefits to the things you value.
In the final chapter of part one, I’ll guide you through carrying out your own digital declutter. In doing so, I’ll draw on an experiment I ran in 2018 in which over 1,600 people agreed to perform a digital declutter. You’ll hear these participants’ stories and learn what strategies worked well for them, and what traps they encountered that you should avoid.
The second part of this book takes a closer look at some ideas that will help you cultivate (培养) a sustainable digital minimalism lifestyle. In these chapters, I examine issues such as the importance of solitude (独处) and the necessity of cultivating high-quality leisure to replace the time most now spend on mindless device use. Each chapter concludes with a collection of practices, which are designed to help you act on the big ideas of the chapter. You can view these practices as a toolbox meant to aid your efforts to build a minimalist lifestyle that words for your particular circumstances.
28. What is the book aimed at?
A. Teaching critical thinking skills. B. Advocating a simple digital lifestyle.
C. Solving philosophical problems. D. Promoting the use of a digital device.
29. What does the underlined word “declutter” in paragraph 3 mean?
A. Clear-up. B. Add-on. C. Check-in. D. Take-over.
30. What is presented in the final chapter of part one?
A. Theoretical models. B. Statistical methods.
C. Practical examples. D. Historical analyses.
31. What does the author suggest readers do with the practices offered in part two?
A. Use them as needed. B. Recommend them to friends.
C. Evaluate their effects. D. Identify the ideas behind them.
D
On March 7, 1907, the English statistician Francis Galton published a paper which illustrated what has come to be known as the “wisdom of crowds” effect. The experiment of estimation he conducted showed that in some cases, the average of a large number of independent estimates could be quite accurate.
This effect capitalizes on the fact that when people make errors, those errors aren’t always the same. Some people will tend to overestimate, and some to underestimate. When enough of these errors are averaged together, they cancel each other out, resulting in a more accurate estimate. If people are similar and tend to make the same errors, then their errors won’t cancel each other out. In more technical terms, the wisdom of crowds requires that people’s estimates be independent. If for whatever reasons, people’s errors become correlated or dependent, the accuracy of the estimate will go down.
But a new study led by Joaquin Navajas offered an interesting twist (转折) on this classic phenomenon. The key finding of the study was that when crowds were further divided into smaller groups that were allowed to have a discussion, the averages from these groups were more accurate than those from an equal number of independent individuals. For instance, the average obtained from the estimates of four discussion groups of five was significantly more accurate than the average obtained from 20 independent individuals.
In a follow-up study with 100 university students, the researchers tried to get a better sense of what the group members actually did in their discussion. Did they tend to go with those most confident about their estimates? Did they follow those least willing to change their minds? This happened some of the time, but it wasn’t the dominant response. Most frequently, the groups reported that they “shared arguments and reasoned together.” Somehow, these arguments and reasoning resulted in a global reduction in error. Although the studies led by Navajas have limitations and many questions remain the potential implications for group discussion and decision-making are enormous.
32. What is paragraph 2 of the text mainly about?
A. The methods of estimation. B. The underlying logic of the effect.
C. The causes of people’s errors. D. The design of Galton’s experiment.
33. Navajas’ study found that the average accuracy could increase even if ________.
A. the crowds were relatively small B. there were occasional underestimates
C. individuals did not communicate D. estimates were not fully independent
34. What did the follow-up study focus on?
A. The size of the groups. B. The dominant members.
C. The discussion process. D. The individual estimates.
35. What is the author’s attitude toward Navajas’ studies?
A. Unclear. B. Dismissive. C. Doubtful. D. Approving.
第二节 ( 共 5 小题 ; 每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分 )
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Personal Forgiveness
Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don’t beat yourself up about them. To err (犯错) is human. ____36____ You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this.
In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths.” ____37____ Are you caring? Creative? Generous? A good listener? Fun to be around? They don’t have to be world-changing, just aspects of your personality that you’re proud of.
At the top of a second page, put the heading “Acts of kindness.” On this one, list all the positive things you’ve done for others. It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day. ____38____
You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list. ____39____ That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through. In fact, don’t wait until you’ve made a mistake to try this — it’s a great way to boost self-confidence at any time.
It’s something of a cliché (陈词滥调) that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes. The thing is, it’s true. ____40____ We’ re all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow.
A. A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way.
B. Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself.
C. They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise.
D. It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness.
E. It doesn’t mean you have to ignore what’s happened or forget it.
F. Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down.
G. Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality.
第三部分 语言运用 ( 共两节，满分 30 分 )
第一节 ( 共 15 小题 ; 每小题 1 分，满分 15 分 )
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
On Oct. 11, hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race in Minnesota. Melanie Bailey should have ____41____ the course earlier than she did. Her ____42____ came because she was carrying a ____43____ across the finish line.
As reported by a local newspaper, Bailey was more than two-thirds of the way through her ____44____ when a runner in front of her began crying in pain. She ____45____ to help her fellow runner, Danielle Lenoue. Bailey took her arm to see if she could walk forward with ____46____. She couldn’t. Bailey then ____47____ to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get ____48____ attention.
Once there, Lenoue was ____49____ and later taken to a hospital, where she learned that she had serious injuries in one of her knees. She would have struggled with extreme ____50____ to make it to that aid checkpoint without Bailey’s help.
As for Bailey, she is more ____51____ about why her act is considered a big ____52____. “She was just crying. I couldn’t ____53____ her,” Bailey told the reporter. “I feel like I was just doing the right thing.”
Although the two young women were strangers before the ____54____, they’ve since become friends. Neither won the race, but the ____55____ of human kindness won the day.
41.A. designed B. followed C. changed D. finished
42. A. delay B. chance C. trouble D. excuse
43. A. judge B. volunteer C. classmate D. competitor
44. A. race B. school C. town D. training
45. A. agreed B. returned C. stopped D. promised
46. A. courage B. aid C. patience D. advice
47. A. went away B. stood up C. stepped aside D. bent down
48. A. medical B. public C. constant D. equal
49. A. interrupted B. assessed C. identified D. appreciated
50. A. hunger B. pain C. cold D. tiredness
51. A. worried B. ashamed C. confused D. discouraged
52. A. game B. problem C. lesson D. deal
53. A. leave B. cure C. bother D. understand
54. A. ride B. test C. meet D. show
55. A. secret B. display C. benefit D. exchange
2023年新高考一卷英语试题及参考答案
本试卷共 12 页。考试结束后 , 将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
注意事项 : 1. 答题前 , 考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚 , 将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。
2. 选择题必须使用 2B 铅笔填涂 ; 非选择题必须使用 0.5 毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写 , 字体工整、笔迹清楚。
3. 请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答 , 超出答题区域书写的答案无效 ; 在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。
4. 作图可先使用铅笔画出 , 确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。
5. 保持卡面清洁 , 不要折叠 , 不要弄破、弄皱 , 不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。
第一部分 听力( 1-20 小题)在笔试结束后进行。(共 5 小题 ; 每小题 1.5 分 , 满分 7.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题 , 从题中所给的 A 、 B 、 C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后 , 你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例: How much is the shirt?
A. ?19.15. B. ?9.18. C. ?9.15.
答案是C。
【1题答案】
【答案】C
【2题答案】
【答案】A
【3题答案】
【答案】B
【4题答案】
【答案】B
【5题答案】
【答案】C
第二节(共 15 小题 ; 每小题 1.5 分 , 满分 22.5 分)
【6~7题答案】
【答案】6. C 7. B
【8~9题答案】
【答案】8. A 9. B
【10~13题答案】
【答案】10. C 11. A 12. C 13. A
【14~17题答案】
【答案】14. B 15. A 16. C 17. C
【18~20题答案】
【答案】18. A 19. B 20. A
英语答题技巧
可以先写作文，作文是英语考试中最容易拿分的大头，也不存在对不对，只要单词写够，把要求的点写完，语法不是写的太离谱，一般可以得到基础分。高分需要有结构优美，三个段落最好，句子多用虚拟句，倒装句，注意时态。
听听力需要把听力材料看一遍，无论你基础有多好，都要边看边用笔划出重点单词，或者是和其它选项不同的单词，听力听不懂就放，要懂得舍弃。
然后就是抓阅读了，得阅读者得天下，可见阅读的重要性，阅读不是通篇的去翻译。先看把首尾段读一遍，在把每段开头看一遍，在来看题目，最后来看文找答案。
高中英语考高分技巧
抓住作文，听力，阅读你英语基本就已经及格了，这些是高分的基础，真正决定你高分，拉开和别人的差距的是剩下的小模块。
对于小模块首先要从自己最拿手的开始做，不要捡芝麻丢西瓜，英语试卷一定要把基础的部分做好了，在来做小模块，不可颠倒了。
英语高分秘籍
学会提前思考
在听力开始之前，你就要浏览完材料，结合选项开始思考。这段话要讲什么，目的又是什么。并学会猜测，包括对话题的预测、甚至通过常识进行答案的预测。这样才能在考试之中处于主动的位置，所以，听听力要积极主动。
学会做笔记
好的笔记能够让你的思路清晰，让你了解听力内容的结构。在听力的开头结尾时就要集中精神，记住相关信息，因为那很有可能就是听力的重点。有时考点在出题时是按照顺序来出的，因此笔记能帮助我们排除一些干扰选项。
高考英语阅读理解如何提高成绩
1. 调整心态，冥想阅读
考生的心理状态和心理状态对阅读理解有很大的影响。如果你的精神状态很好，心情愉快，一看到阅读材料，就可以立即进入角色，深入阅读，以便快速准确地找出答案;反之亦然。
2. 文本前的主题，文本与主题的结合
在高考中，文章后面的问题和选项反映了考试的要求，因此，考生应先考查阅读理解题，你知道什么是事实或细节，哪一个是论归纳推理问题。
3. 根据常识，巧妙的谬误
在阅读文章之前，考生应该先阅读文章后面的问题和选项，同时，我们应该所政治学、经济、文化、教育、军事的、历史、地理、物理、化学、生物学知识和一些生活经验和常识来判断选择、推理，排除可能性较小的选项，狭窄的所选择范围，提高答题的准确性，加快问题解决的速度。
4. 阅读速度，合理变动
在阅读理解过程中，学生必须摆脱两种误解：一是认为快速阅读会影响理解;二是如果你不懂每一个生词，你就不可能听懂全文。