北京历年英语高考题及答案
高考中没有失败，它带给每个人的深刻思考、刻骨铭心的经历和感受都是不可多得的财富。祝高考顺利!下面是学习啦小编为大家推荐的北京历年英语高考题，仅供大家参考!
北京历年英语高考题选择题
第一部分 听力理解
第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分 60 分)
第一节 (共 15 小题;每小题 3 分，满分 45 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、和 D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Passenger Information
Carry-on Bag Rules
When travelling on China Southern planes, we ask our customers to follow our simple bag rules.
---Each passenger is allowed to bring one bag onto the plane.
---Weight limit: Each carry-on bag may weigh up to 10 kilos.
---Size limit: Each carry-on bag can be up to 110cm long, 60cm high and 30cm wide.
---Additional bags and oversized/overweight bags may be allowed on the plane if there is enough room. There will be a fee for such bags (see the table below). Please note that if your bag breaks more than one rule then you must pay a fee for each rule broken.
Safety Rules
For the safety of our passengers, the following items must not be taken onto the plane:
---Bottles containing gas (e.g. cigarette lighter)
---Bottles containing any cream, oil or other liquid that are over 100ml.
Note:
If you have any liquid medicines over 100ml that you must use during your flight, please contact our customer service manager on 34533566 to make arrangements at least 24 hours before your departure. You will need to have a doctor’s letter explaining why you need the medicine.
Bag Fees
*No bag over 15 kilos will be allowed on the plane. **No bag over 150cm long or 80cm high may be taken on the plane. Passengers must put such bags in the plane’s storage.
21. What is not allowed to be taken onto the plane by a passenger?
A. A gas bottle B. Medical equipment
C. A 100ml bottle of cream D. A bag that is 120cm long
22. When must a passenger speak with the manager about taking over 100ml of liquid medicine onto their flight?
A. After they get on the plane B. Six hours before their flight
C. When they arrive at the airport D. At least one day before their flight
23. How much will a passenger pay for a carry-on bag that is 110cmX50cmX25cm in size and weighs 13 kilos?
A. 250yuan B. 300yuan C. 550yuan D. 850yuan
解析： 说明文
21. A. 细节题。定位到Safety Rules第一条”Bottles containing gas”是”must not be taken onto the plane”的，所以选A。
22. D. 细节题。定位到Note中”If you have any liquid medicines over 100ml…make arrangements at least 24 hours before your departure.” 需要至少提前一天联系，所以选D。
23. B. 计算题。题干所给的箱子没有超过大小，但是超重3千克，每千克收费100元所以300元，选择B。
B
The sun was rising when Daryl’s delivery truck reached the highway. This was the best time of day to drive, when the roads were wide open and empty. He felt sure he was going to make it to Los Angeles before midnight. It looked like it was going to be a good day.
Then he saw it, a large lump in the middle of the road. Daryl often passed dead animals on the roadside but he knew than this was something different. He slammed on his brakes and the truck screeched to a halt.
The lump was a girl. He tried shaking her awake but she wouldn’t move, so he picked her up and carried her to the side of the road. At least she wouldn’t be run over there.
Now she was someone else’s problem. He had to make it to Los Angeles by midnight and didn’t have time to be a here. He climbed back into his truck but as he looked in his mirror and saw the girl lying still by the side of the road, he knew he couldn’t leave her. Daryl put her into his truck and drove to the next town.
An hour later he pulled up at the police station. After explaining what had happened, he prepared to leave, only for the policeman to say that he needed to make a report. Daryl knew this would take several hours, but he had no choice. There was no way he’d get to Los Angeles on time now.
Three hours later the report was done and the girl had recovered somewhat. She explained that she had fallen on the highway, weak from hunger, but could remember nothing else. She also thanked Daryl for saving her life. Daryl told her that he had been happy to help, but as he got back into his truck he knew his boss wouldn’t be.
Just as he was about to pull back onto the road, his mother called. “Have you seen?” she said, “A bridge collapsed two hours ago, the one that you drive over on the way to Los Angeles.”
Daryl’s blood run cold. If he had been on time, he would have been on that fallen bridge about two hours ago. Daryl realized how lucky he was.
24. What did Daryl plan to do in Los Angeles?
A. Go on holiday. B. Deliver some goods.
C. Visit his mum. D. Report to his boss.
25. Why did Daryl first leave the girl by the side of the road?
A. He didn’t want to be late. B. He thought the girl would be fine.
C. He knew that someone else would help. D. He worried the police would blame him.
26. How did Daryl feel after he left the police station?
A. Confident that he would be on time. B. Angry that he had to make the report.
C. Proud that he had saved the girls life. D. Worried that his boss would be angry.
27. What does the underlined expression “Daryl blood ran cold” in the last paragraph suggest?
A. Daryl was now feeling more relaxed. B. Daryl thought he would be in trouble.
C. Daryl was greatly shocked by the news. D. Daryl felt the sudden change in temperature.
解析：记叙文
24. B. 细节题。从第一段” Daryl's delivery truck”可知他去洛杉矶是去运送货物的，所以选B。
25. A. 细节题。定位到第四段第二句”He had to make it to Los Angeles by midnight and didn’t have time to be a hero.”因为送货不能迟到所以没时间，所以选A。
26. D. 细节题。定位到第六段最后一句，he knew his boss wouldn’t be后面省略了happy。所以是担心老板生气，选择D。
27. C. 推断题。因为上一段听到的消息，他感到极度惊骇，“如坠冰窟”，所以选C。
C
Have you ever wondered when dogs first became “man’s best friend” and the world’s favourite pet? If you have then you’re not alone. When and where dogs first began living side-side with humans are questions that have stirred hot debate among scientists. There are a few hard facts that all agree on. These include that dogs were once wolves and they were the first animal to be domesticated(驯养) by humans. They came into lives some 15000 years ago, before the dawn of agriculture.
Beyond that, there is little agreement. The earliest bones found that are unquestionable dogs and not wolves date from 14,000 years ago. However, 30,000-year-old skulls have been discovered in France and Belgium that are not pure wolf and some scientists think could be dogs.
With such puzzling evidence, many scientists are now turning to DNA to find out when and where dogs were first domesticated. In one research project, tens of thousands of blood samples have been taken from street dogs around the world. The plan is to compare them with those of wolves. It’s even possible to analyse DNA from ancient bones. Tiny pieces of the 30,000-year-old skulls mentioned earlier are currently being studied, and another DNA study has already shown that ancient dogs preserved in the Alaskan ice-fields evolved from Asian wolves, not American ones.
Indeed, the ancient DNA may turn out to be more informative than the DNA of living dogs. Because dogs have accompanied humans around the world for thousands of years, their current distribution may tell us very little of their origins. This is why different groups of scientists believe that dogs variously originated in eastern Asia, Mongolia, Siberia, Europe or Africa.
But why were the animals domesticated in the first place? The most recent theory is that dogs domesticated themselves, initially living in and around our ancient villages to eat any food thrown out. Today, this is a way of life still shared by three -quarters of a billion unowned dogs worldwide.
28. Which is the only statement generally agreed on by scientists studying dogs?
A. They originally were used as farm animal
B. They evolved from wolves found in Europe
C. They helped the development of agriculture
D. They were the first animal to be kept as pets
29. Why does the writer first mention the 30,000-year-old animals skulls?
A. To show that dogs were much larger in the past
B. To prove that dogs developed from Asian wolves
C. To suggest that dogs may have evolved much earlier
D. To argue that dogs were first kept in France and Belgium
30. How did scientists determine the origins of the ancient dogs found in Alaska?
A. By examine the animals’ DNA
B. By analyzing the age of their bones
C. By studying the shape of their skulls
D. By comparing them with modern dogs
31. Why did dogs start living with humans?
A. Because they were attracted by food
B. Because they were trapped by humans
C. Because they couldn’t survive in the wild
D. Because they were trained to protect villages
答案解析：
28. D. 定位第一自然段“There are a few hard facts that all agree on. These include that dogs were once wolves and they were the first animal to be domesticated(驯养) by humans”可知选项D正确。
29. C. 通过题目中出现的“30,000-year-old animals skulls”定位到第二自然段“However, 30,000-year-old skulls have been discovered in France and Belgium that are not pure wolf and some scientists think could be dogs.”可知狗出现的时间最早可追溯到30,000年前，而不是14,000之前。
30. A. 通过题目中关键词Alaska 定位文中第三自然段最后一句话“another DNA study has already shown that ancient dogs preserved in the Alaskan ice-fields evolved from Asian wolves”可知是用DNA检测的
31. A. 由最后一段“The most recent theory is that dogs domesticated themselves, initially living in and around our ancient villages to eat any food thrown out”可知狗的自我驯养是因为被村民扔出的食物所吸引。
D
Many people believe that the only way to make our communities safer is to build more prisons. But there’s a way better protect cities and towns by doing just the opposite.
In many countries throughout the world, prison populations have risen dramatically over the past decade. One of the main reasons for this is the large number of repeat offenders; that is people who break the law again once freed from jail. Statistics show that about one in four prisoners freed every year return to jail within three years.
This is partly because ex-prisoners face huge difficulty finding employment. More than a third of them cannot find any job at all. Data show that having a job greatly reduces the chances that a person will commit a crime again or commit one in the first place. Released prisoners who do manage to find steady employment are 50 percent less likely to return to prison. Rather than harming a community, having a job helps ex-prisoners to change their ways and make a positive and productive contribution to their communities.
What’s more, helping these men and women find jobs would also save taxpayers a lot of money. Few prisoners would save governments millions or possibly even billions of dollars annually: the costs of building and operating jails.
There are many things that the government can do to help ex-prisoners find work. More job training programs should be introduced to provide prisoners with work skills before they are freed. Companies and factories should also be given tax benefits if they employ ex-prisoners. Such programs have been shown to work in several countries.
Such policies of course assure that freed criminals actually want to work. But shouldn’t they be given the chance? Our goal, after all, shouldn’t be to incarcerate as many prisoners as possible, but to build a society that doesn’t need to put such a large percentage of its population in jail. We should take a step in that direction and help prisoners find self-respect and purpose through work.
32. What percentage of freed prisoners returns to prison within three years?
A. 65% B. 50% C. 33% D. 25%
33. Which of the following best describes the content of the fifth paragraph?
A. Facts B. Arguments C. Recommendations D. Requirements
34. What does the underlined word “incarcerate” in the last paragraph?
A. set free B. lock up C. employ D. separate
35. Which of the following would be author agree with?
A. Tougher punishment will reduce crime
B. Most prisoners do not deserve to be in prison
C. Economic conditions are a major cause of crime
D. Prison populations are likely to increase in the future [from www.2abc8.com]
答案解析：
32. D. 细节题，定位到第二自然段最后一句话“....one in four....”可知四分之一为25%
33. C. 主旨题，定位第五自然段第一句为主旨句“There are many things that the government can do to help ex-prisoners find work”可知这一自然段讲的是作者的建议。
34. B. 猜词题，定位到最后一个自然段，通过上下文可知作者并不赞同一味地把犯人抓进监狱。
35. C. 推断题，定位第三自然段可知犯罪率上升的主要原因是刑满出狱的人二次犯罪，而二次犯罪和首次犯罪的原因主要是找不到工作。没有工作就没有收入，没有收入就会造成经济问题。原文中还提到有工作的人犯罪率减少了50%，由此可以推断是犯罪主要是因为经济问题。
第二节 (共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
The Rio Grande
Although not the longest in America, the Rio Grande is one of the most important. But, unlike other significant rivers, it is not used for shipping. In fact, ocean-going ships cannot sail on its water. _____36_____ Since 1846, it has been the official border of Texas and Mexico.
Rio Grande Geography
The Rio Grande is either the fourth or fifth longest river system in North America. It all depends on how it is measured. _____37_____and these course movements can cause it to be longer or shorter. At its last official measure, the Rio Grande clocked in at 1896 miles. The river starts in Colorado and extends downward to the Gulf of Mexico.
_____38_____ Not only does the river extend south, but it also starts in the mountains and gets lower and lower in altitude as it extends to the Gulf.
The Rio Grande Today
_____39_____ Sadly, much of the water has been used up and parts of the river are most dry! This is because people take more water from the river than the river can get back from rain and other sources. Experts are working to correct this, though, with hopes of restoring the river to its past strength.
Today, the river is important as a source of water for Texas and Mexicans. _____40_____ Though borders like the Rio Grande separate nations, they are also shared spaces. The Rio Grande is therefore a symbol of friendship and peace between two peoples.
A. Usually, it is measured by length.
B. Downward is the best way of describing it too.
C. What makes the Rio Grande so important is its location.
D. Because the river twists so much, it occasionally changes course.
E. The Rio Grande today is mostly used as a source of drinking water.
F. More importantly, it is a symbol of cooperation between two nations.
G. Today, the Rio Grande is the destination of tourists from all over the world.
【解析】先浏览全文。观察文章是否有告诉我们全文脉络的关键信息。首先是标题，而且从第一句可以看出是一条河，我们可以得知这是介绍类文体。其次是醒目的两个小标题，告诉我们：第一段基本可以断定是总起段，而后面的小标题引导的则是该河流“地理”和“今日概况”两个方面了。
接下来我们看看五个空应该怎么填：
36. B。空格位于段中，我们可以观察其前后两句的描述：前一句是说过海的船其实都不能在它的水道上航行，所以Rio Grande的重要性没有在运输上体现出来。而后一句说从1846年起它就已经成为了德克萨斯州(美国)和墨西哥的官方边境了，这说明了Rio Grande的重要性在于它的地理位置。我们看到C选项中出现两个符合该语境的关键词，一是important，二是location。因此选C。
37.D。这道题同学可能会选A。因为前一句确实有出现“measure”一词，而且与前一句的逻辑也说得通，但是，我们做选择的时候不能只看选项与前一句的逻辑，而是选择一个跟前后句，甚至跟全段、全篇章都符合语境、逻辑无误的选项。我们再观察后一句：出现一个并列连词and,一个指示代词these，说明these course movements，在空格处必有提及。选项D提到course(路程)会改变，而后面说这些路程的移动会导致它变长或者变短。
38. B。空格在段首，填的是段落大意句。看到后面的并列倒装句中“but it also starts in the mountains and gets lower and lower in altitude as it extends to the Gulf.”说明河流从山脉出发，随着它延伸到海湾，在海拔上变得越来越低。同学们要注意altitude是海拔的意思，然后我们不难看出选项B中的“Downward”是向下的意思，与原文的gets lower and lower in altitude意思相符。
39. E。空格在段首，填的是段落大意句。从后一句开头Sadly“令人忧伤的是”，可以知道前后句是转折关系。第二句提到它的水快要用完了，部分河域快要干涸了。可见这里是从河流的供水方面去描述。因此对应下来E中的drinking water符合该段语境。
40.F。空格在段中，观察前后句。前一句说明该河流在供水方面很重要，后一句说明它作为国家边境的重要性。因此空格处句子应起承接作用。从F选项中，开头有关键词More importantly, 表示与前一句的并列关系，句中有cooperation和nations，对应文中最后一句“a symbol of friendship and peace between two peoples.”因此选F。
北京历年英语高考题非选择题
第三部分 英语知识运用 (共两节，满分45)
第一节 完形填空(共20小题;每小题15分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Never been on an airplane? Here’s your chance to ___41___ one for just one US dollar, or even for ___42___ if you don’t have the money. Retired pilot Bahadur Gupta will be happy to show you ___43___. The plane, which never ___44___, is giving an opportunity to poor people to ___45___ what it is like to sit in a jet.
When Gupta started his career many years ago, people from his tiny home villages in India ___46___ asked him what it was like to be in an aircraft. None of them had ever ___47___ real airplane and they wanted a look at the aviation industry through Gupta’s ___48___. For security reasons, Gupta was never ___49___ to take his fellow villagers inside an actual aircraft. But saying no always made him feel uncomfortable and ___50___ and he always wanted to do something that would give them a ___51___ of flying.
Finally, in 2003, Gupta sold some land, bought an old airplane and started offering ___52___ “flights” to the public, charging them only what they could ___53___.
To make the experience ___54___ real, the “passengers” are given boarding passes and even shown safety ___55___. What ___56___ the amazing in-flight experience is when the kids ___57___ slide down the airplane’s emergency landing slide, which many of the most frequent flyers have luckily ___58___ experienced.
The retired pilot says he hopes all his customers can ___59___ fly in a real plane, but in the meantime he is enjoying putting a/an ___60___ on their faces.
41. A. touch B. land C. board D. fly
42. A. nothing B. anything C. little D. few
43. A. away B. out C. off D. around
44. A. takes up B. takes down C. takes off D. takes away
45. A. experience B. decide C. imagine D. introduce
46. A. fearfully B. intentionally C. cautiously D. curiously
47. A. seen B. bought C. produced D. possessed
48. A. tasks B. eyes C. thoughts D. windows
49. A. offered B. allowed C. expected D. encouraged
50. A. nervous B. fearful C. disappointed D. careless
51. A. chance B. taste C. way D. lesson
52. A. pretend B. actual C. cheap D. safe
53. A. access B. accept C. agree D. afford
54. A. close to B. opposite to C. far from D. different from
55. A. reasons B. concerns C. instructions D. suggestions
56. A. belongs to B. appeals to C. leads to D. adds to
57. A. surprisingly B. excitedly C. silently D. sadly
58. A. always B. ever C. never D. seldom
59. A. smoothly B. independently C. successfully D. eventually
60. A. mask B. smile C. mark D. expression
41. 选C，board表示登机，后文也有提到boarding passes登机牌。
42. 选A，for nothing表示免费，意思是只需一美元甚至不要钱。
43. 选D，show sb. around表示带某人参观。
44. 选C，这道题要看到最后一段，这个退休的飞行员希望村民都能坐上真的飞机，所以说明前面体验的是假的飞机，所以从没有起飞过。
45. 选A，给他们体验坐飞机的机会。
46. 选D，因为村民都没有坐过飞机，所以是好奇地询问。
47. 选A，and后面说村民像看一眼飞机制造业，说明他们之前都没看过。
48. 选B，透过Gupta的眼睛去看一眼飞机制造业，联系look at选eyes。
49. 选B，由于安全原因，Gupta从未允许过让村民坐真正的飞机。
50. 选C，前面说不被允许，那这里saying no就是上司对Gupta说，所以Gupta会感到不舒服和沮丧
51. 选B，give sb. a taste of给某人一种第一次做某事的感觉，这里让村民们尝到第一次飞行的感觉。
52. 选A，根据最后一段说Gupta希望村民都能坐上真的飞机，所以说明前面体验的是假的飞行，而pretend 在这里是形容词，表示假的。
53. 选D，收取的费用是村民可支付得起的。
54. 选A，Gupta尽可能让村民体验接近真实的飞行。
55. 选C，根据句意可知，这是模拟真正的飞行，给村民登机牌以及安全指引。
56. 选D，前面已经说了有登机牌和安全指引，这已经使飞行更真实性，而后面提到小孩可以从紧急疏散通道中滑下来，这就更增加了飞行的真实性。
57. 选B，小孩是兴奋地从紧急疏散通道中滑下来，体验到飞行的感觉。
58. 选C，根据luckily这个词可以知道之前没有经历过类似紧急情况。
59. 选D，Gupta提供的是假的飞行，所以他希望村名最终能够体验一次真正的飞行。
60. 选B，虽然Gupta给村民提供的假的飞行，但他也很喜欢让村名能够因为体验到飞行而感到快乐。
第II卷
第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Shawn’s Saturday
“Hey, Dad! ” Shawn shouted, “I’m going to play basketball with Peter!”
Shawn’s dad came into the kitchen, “Have you finished ___61___ (clean) the garage?”
Shawn tried to decide whether to admit the ___62___ (true). His dad would notice the garage hadn’t been cleaned, ___63___ Shawn wanted to play basketball.
Shawn’s dad understood his silence. “You haven’t even started, have you? You promised you’d take care of ___64___ first ting this morning.”
Shawn complained, “Why do I have to clean the garage, anyway?” “Because you said you would, and you need to follow through with ___65___ you say.” “But Dad,” Shawn protested, “I promised Pete.” Soon, his dad’s face lit ___66___. “Let’s go out to the garage for a minute.”
___67___ (puzzle), Shawn followed his father into the garage. His dad pointed to the dull, gray cement walls. “What if you ask Pete to come over here? If you and Pete clean up thoroughly, then you can paint ___68___ (picture) on those two walls.”
“What about playing basketball? Pete ___69___ (wait) for me.”
His dad said thoughtfully, “If Pete stays over tonight, then I will drive you two over to paly basketball after supper.”
“Can we order pizza?” “___70___ (absolute)!” his dad grinned. Shawn raced back into the kitchen to call Pete.
语法填空答案解析：
61. cleaning finish后加动词时应该是doing形式，故填cleaning。
62. truth 考察单词变形。the后面应该加名词形式，故填truth。
63. but 考察虚词。根据无提示词的做题规律，此处可以排除冠词，代词，介词，故只能填连词。而上下文出现了转折，故此处填but。
64. it 考察代词。take care of后缺宾语，故只能用代词it 指代前文出现过的事物。
65. what 考察名词性从句中的宾语从句。填what，代表所说的内容。
66. up 考察介词。考察短语light up，本意是“容光焕发”，本文段中应理解为Shawn’s dad心中有另外的想法，所以“脸色一变”。
67. Puzzled考察到非谓语的知识，答案是Puzzled，作状语，表示人“感到迷惑的”。另外尤其注意这个空应该首字母大写。
68. pictures 考察名词的单复数。此处应填名词，再根据文意，picture不只有一副，故填复数形式。
69. is waiting 这道题考察时态，当事人说话的当下，应该用现在进行时，表示peter此刻正在等“我”。
70. absolutely考察副词的用法，表示“肯定地，一定地”。
第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分 35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10 分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改同桌写的一下作文。
文中共有10处寓言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删减：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错词下面划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Last night, I dreamt that I was digging a hole in my backyard. After which seemed like hours of digging, two objects come into view, One was mental box. In them was an old treasure maps. The other object was an oil lamp covering in mud. This was my chance to get rich, I thought. I was still thinking about my new wealth while out of nowhere 20 sailors appeared. They wanted for me to lead them on the treasure hunt. I glad agreed. Suddenly, my alarm clock went off and I woke over. It was only a dream.
解析：
1. which-what. what seemed like hours of digging, 考查名从，填what。
2. come-came. 时态错误，讲述的是过去的事情，所以用过去时。
3. mental前面加a. 考查冠词，其中一个物体是一个盒子，可数名词单数“裸奔”现象，通畅缺冠词。
4. them-it. 指代box，用it。
5. covering-covered. 非谓语形式错误。oil lamp被覆盖在泥土中，被动用done。
6. while-when. 根据结构was/were doing sth… when…, was/were about to do…when…当做某事时正在做某事/正要做某事。当然考生也可以根据后面appeared，判断while有问题。
7. sailor-sailors. 名词单复数。
8. want for, 删除for. want sb to do, 删除for, 送分题。
9. glad-gladly， 副词修饰修饰动词。
10. over-up, woke up, 固定搭配，送分题。
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