高考英语改错题解题技巧

　　高考英语改错题是全面检验考生英语综合能力的试题,也是考试难点。以下是学习啦小编为您整理的高考英语改错题解题技巧，仅供参考!

　　高考英语改错题解题技巧

　　短文改错解题思路和检查原则

　　1. 句中各部分的结构是否完整，特别是每个句子要有动词;

　　2. 谓语动词的时态、语态;

　　3. 非谓语动词的用法;

　　4. 名词的单、复数，格的使用是否正确;

　　5. 定冠词和不定冠词是否正确;

　　6. 代词的格和性的使用是否有误;

　　7. 定语从句中关系代词、关系副词是否准确无误;

　　8. 并列句中的并列连词、主从复合句中的从属连词用的是否得当。

　　短文改错解题四原则

　　改动以最少为原则;虚词以添加或删除为原则;实词以改变词形为原则;以保持句子原意为原则。

　　解题注意要点和能力培养

　　1. 核对错项时，若的确有一时难以改出的地方，可以参考所改动项是否基本符合“1：1：8”的比例。即多一词1个，缺词1个，错词8个。

　　2. 核对改正的语法项目是否有重复。因为短文改错往往覆盖面广，一般不会出现重复考查某个语法点的现象。

　　3. 核对答题符号是否规范，位置是否准确，看看有无遗漏符号、忽略字母大小写和拼写等问题。

　　高考英语改错题常见类型

　　1. 谓语动词的错误是历年考试的重点和热点，常见动词错误类型有①一般现在时与一般过去时错用;②and前后动词时态不一致;③主谓不一致;④缺少动词，特别是be动词;⑤第三人称单数形式错用;⑥主动语态和被动语态错用。

　　They did not want me to do any work at home; they want me to devote all my time to my studies. (did改为do，错误类型属于①)

　　As we climbed the mountain, we fed monkeys, visiting temples and told stories. (visiting改为visited，错误类型属于②)

　　One evening she told me that something happened when her parents was out. (was改为were，错误类型属于③)

　　There will an important game next month. (will后加be，错误类型属于④)

　　2. 名词的常见错误：单复数名词错用，可数名词与不可数名词错用。

　　I’ll get good marks in all my subject. (subject改为subjects)

　　Their word were a great encouragement to me. (word改为words)

　　Without enough knowledges, you can never teach well. (knowledges改为knowledge)

　　3. 冠词错误：误用a和an(根据单词的第一个音素来判定);误用a/an和the(固定搭配，或泛指、特指;多冠词或少冠词)

　　We maybe one family and live under a same roof. (a改为the，the same是固定搭配)

　　As everyone knows, it’s famous mountain with all kinds of pants. (mountain是可数名词需用冠词，所以其前加a)

　　I hope you have pleasant journey. (journey是可数名词，故have后加a)

　　4. 形容词和副词错误：系动词(am/is/are/was/were/become/go)和感官性动词(smell/feel)后用形容词;词性的误用(形容词修饰名词;副词修饰动词和形容词)。

　　I’m sure we’ll have a wonderfully time together. (time是名词，要用形容词wonderful修饰)

　　My pronunciation was terribly. (was后用形容词，terribly改为terrible)

　　5. 代词错误：代词的主格和宾格(I/me; he/him; she/her; we/us; they/them)错误;反身代词(myself/yourself/himself/herself/themselves/ourselves)使用错误;代词的单数和复数使用错误;代词指代错误;多代词或少代词。

　　Soon I began to enjoy talking to myself on paper as I was learning to express me in simple English. (me改为myself)

　　One day I wrote a little story and showed to my teacher. (to前加it)

　　If anyone of us had any difficulty in our life and study, the other would help him out. (other后加-s)

　　What’s more, you have to be friends with your pupils and take good care of him. (him改为them)

　　6. 非谓语动词的常见错误：不定式、动名词作主语、宾语时;and连接的不定式或动名词前后不一致;介词后用动名词形式作宾语;某些动词后要求接动名词或不定式。

　　Soon I began to enjoy talk to myself on paper. (enjoy后需接动名词，talk改为talking)

　　But his parents think go to college is more important than playing sports. (go作主语，应改为going)

　　Children may not develop the habit of read and the ability to enjoy themselves. (介词后用动名词形式作宾语，read改为reading)

　　I particularly enjoyed driving through the countryside with you and saw the changing colors of the leaves on the trees. (and连接的动名词前后不一致，故saw改为seeing)

　　7. 介词错误：词组中的介词误用;介词意思理解偏差;介词的多用或少用。

　　There are too many people among my family. (among改为in，in my family为固定搭配)

　　I was so tired that I fell asleep at the moment my head touched the pillow. (去掉at，the moment引导从句).

　　高考英语改错题解题步骤

　　一、先通读全文。认真阅读短文，在做题之前确保已经弄清原文大意。根据短文大意和上下文逻辑关系，对文章进行逐字逐句的分析，检查句子的结构是否完整，语气是否连贯等等。

　　二、综合运用所学语言知识，根据各行不同的错误情况分别进行答题(即改词、加词或减词)。在短文改错中常出现的错误主要有以下几类：

　　1. 名词单复数用错，可数与不可数名词的混用。大多数短文改错都会有此类的错误。

　　如：they take him lots of good book and fresh fruit.(2009.陕西卷) 此处book改为books. book前用lots of修饰，应用复数。

　　2. 动词：时态和语态，常出现在总体时态为过去或现在时，中间杂有不适的另一时态的现象;或是及物动词后无宾语，或是不及物动词后加了宾语;需要接ing形式的接了to，或相反等。

　　如：The Sichuan Restaurant and the older fish shop across the street from our middle school were gone.(2009全国卷I)把were改为are。根据上文可知饭店和鱼店消失都陈述的是现在的情况。

　　3. 形容词副词：常出现需形容词的地方用了副词或相反;关系副词where， when， why等的缺失或错用。

　　如：He has a comfortable room， patiently nurses， and a great deal of time to read. (2009.陕西卷)此处patiently改为 patient.修饰名词nurses，用形容词。

　　4. 介词：主要是介词的多余或缺失，错用。这一部分需要平时多多积累，弄清常用介词的搭配。

　　5. 主谓一致性：第三人称单数漏掉s，或主语为复数，谓语动词用了单数;再就是就近原则对主语的影响。

　　6. 冠词：定冠词the的多余或缺失，如季节，月份，星期，球类及三餐活动，称呼头衔前等不能加the的地方加了the，或是same等常和the一起使用的词却漏税掉了the;a， an的混用，特别注意：hour， honest等虽然首字母不是元音字母，但其发音却是以元音素开头，故用an，而useful， university， European， one—hour等虽然首字母是元音字母，但却以辅音音素开头，故用a。

　　如1：and sports center has been built in their place. (2009全国卷I)在此sports前应加a。 sports center是可数名词单数，表示不确定。

　　如1：The driver put the window down and offered us a umbrella because he found we were wet through. (2009浙江卷)在此a改为an;由umbrella的发音可知以元音因素开头，应用an。

　　7. 数词：主要是序数词与基数词的混用和错用，如分数的分子大于一时分母没有用复数等，基数词的复数形式如几百hundreds of，几千thousands of漏掉了s，或是当其前有具体数字或several时加了复数，如seven hundred，写作seven hundreds。

　　8. 连词：不合句中的逻辑关系。如需转折连词(如but)的时候用了承接连词(so)，或相反等等。

　　例1： This man might need the umbrella himself， and he preferred to give it to somebody else.(2009.浙江卷)在此and改为but，前后构成转折，用but。

　　9. 代词：主要是代词的格与数的错用。如男性用了女性代词，单数用了复数代词或相反;应当用形容词性的物主代词用了宾格，主格或相反，关系代词的错用或缺失。如只能用that引导的用了其它，或在不能用that的地方却用了that，或是在“介词+关系代词”结构中漏掉了介词等。

　　例1：The factory …… has been moved out of the city， and a sports center has been built in their place. (2009全国卷I) 此处their 改为 its。 因为前文中提到了名词The factory是单数，因此把their改为its。

　　例2：one day I saw a second—hand bicycle， that was only one hundred yuan.(2009辽宁卷)把that改为which，非限制性定语从句的先行词指物时只能用which不能用that。

　　10. 常用固定短语或固定用法及句型用错。

　　例：It was a lesson to us that it was possible give without expecting anything in return.(2009浙江卷)在possible后加to。由 It is/was possible(或其他形容词)+ to do sth.固定句型决定。

　　三、验证答案。改完后，要回过头来重读一遍全文，查看改过后是否能使语气通顺，时态一致，合乎逻辑。再次通读可以在初改时感觉不顺的地方集中精力，仔细推敲，使答案更加准确。因为有时就一个句子来看可能在两个地方修改都说地过去，但在上下文中可能只能在一处修改才正确。