高考短文改错解题思路与答题技巧
短文改错题检测考生发现、判断、纠正文章错误的能力.进而考察学生的词法、句法及行文逻辑等方面的水平，考察高三学生在语篇中综合运用的能力，高三英语水平的高低完全可以从这一题型体现出来。下面是学习啦小编为你整理关于高考短文改错解题思路与答题技巧的内容，希望大家喜欢!
高考短文改错解题思路
对全文的宏观把握
学生应把改错内容当作一篇小短文来理解，这样能对短文有个宏观把握，对上下文有全面的了解，在理解篇章的基础上逐句审读，分析判断，上下兼顾，把明显的、拿的准的题先做完，这样可以缩小包围圈，也有助于对全文的进一步理解。
1.句中各部分的结构是否完整，特别是每个句子要有动词;
2.谓语动词的时态、语态;
3.非谓语动词的用法;
4.名词的单、复数，格的使用是否正确;
5.定冠词和不定冠词是否正确;
6.代词的格和性的使用是否有误;
7.定语从句中关系代词、副词是否准确无误;
8.并列句中的并列连词、主从复合句中的从属连词用的是否得当。
短文改错的复习重点
1.考生必须熟悉设错方式：多词、少词、错词。
2.多词现象大多出现在冠词、介词、助动词、连词、语义重复及行文逻辑等方面。
3.少词现象主要出现在冠词、介词、副词、助动词、不定式符号to、连词等。
4.错词现象主要在冠词、介词、名词单复数、动词时态、非谓语动词、主谓一致、代词、连词、词形。
5.考生平时应加强基本功训练，用一个“错题集”本把自己或同学在书面表达中出现的错误归纳一下，以便考前复习。
高考短文改错类型
1. 谓语动词的错误是历年考试的重点和热点，常见动词错误类型有①一般现在时与一般过去时错用;②and前后动词时态不一致;③主谓不一致; ④缺少动词,特别是be动词; ⑤第三人称单数形式错用;⑥主动语态和被动语态错用。 Theydid not want me to do any work at home; they want me to devote allmy time to my studies.(did改为do，错误类型属于①) As weclimbed the mountain, we fed monkeys, visiting temples and toldstories. (visiting 改为visited, 错误类型属于②) Therewill an important game next month. (will后加be,错误类型属于④) Oneevening she told me that something happened when her parents wasout. ( was 改为were，错误类型属于③)
2. 名词的常见错误：单复数名词错用，可数名词与不可数名词错用。I’ll get good marks in all mysubject.(subject改为subjects) Theirword were a great encouragement to me.(word改为words) Withoutenough knowledges, you can never teach well.(knowledges改为knowledge)
3. 连词错误 连词包括关系代词、副词，并列连词and/ or/but等。关于连词，一般考查从句关系who/whom/whose/what/which/how/why/when/where/if/whether等。 I havea good friend who’s name is Liu Mei. (错用了who的所有格形式，改为whose) I teachthem, play with them, but watch them growing up.(此处应该是并列的关系而非转折，but改为and) Cleveras she is, but she works very hard.(as意为“尽管”，不能再跟but连用，所以去掉but)
4. 冠词错误：误用a和an(根据单词的第一个音素来判定);误用a/an和the(固定搭配，或泛指、特指;多冠词或少冠词) We maybe one family and live under a same roof. (a 改为the，thesame 是固定搭配) Aseveryone knows, it’s famous mountain with all kinds ofpants. (mountain是可数名词需用冠词，所以其前加a) I hopeyou have pleasant journey.(journey是可数名词，故have后加a)
5. 形容词和副词错误：系动词后用形容词(be/am/is/are/was/were/become/go/感官性动词smell/feel);词性的误用(形容词修饰名词;副词修饰动词、形容词)。I’m sure we’ll have a wonderfully timetogether. (time是名词所以要用形容词wonderful修饰) Mypronunciation was terribly.(was后用形容词，terribly改为terrible.)
6. 代词错误：代词的主格和宾格(I / me;he/him; she/ her; we/ us they/ them )错误;反身代词(myself/yourself/himself/herself/themselves/ourselves)使用错误;代词的单数和复数使用错误;代词指代错误;多代词或少代词。 Soon Ibegan to enjoy talking to myself on paper as I was learning toexpress me in simple English. (me 改为myself) One dayI wrote a little story and showed to my teacher.(to前加it) If anyone of us had any difficulty in our life and study, the other wouldhelp him out. (other后加s) What’smore, you have to be friends with your pupils and take good care ofhim. (him改为them)
7. 非谓语动词的常见错误：不定式、动名词作主语、宾语时;and连接的不定式或动名词前后不一致(尤其距离较远时);介词后用动名词形式作宾语;某些动词后要求接动名词或不定式。 Soon Ibegan to enjoy talk to myself on paper. (enjoy 后需接动名词，talk改为talking) But hisparents think go to college is more important than playing sports.(go作主语,应改为going) Children may not develop the habit of read and the abilityto enjoy themselves. (介词后用动名词形式作宾语，read改为reading) Iparticularly enjoyed driving through the countryside with you andsaw the changing colors of the leaves on the trees. (and连接的不定式或动名词前后不一致，故saw改为seeing)
8. 介词错误：词组中的介词误用;介词意思理解偏差;介词的多用或少用 Thereare too many people among my family. (among改为in，in myfamily 为固定搭配) I wasso tired that I fell asleep at the moment my head touched thepillow. (去掉at, themoment 引导从句)
高考短文从语法角度审题
1.查看时态是否一致
My favorite sport is football. I was a member of our football team. (NMET’98)全文都是用的一般现在时，此句中的was显然与上下文语境不符，应改为am.
2.查看主谓是否一致
Anyone may borrow books， and it cost nothing to borrow them. (NMET’94) cost应改为costs，因其主语是it(为形式主语)，且上下文均为一般现在时。
3.查指代是否一致
The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home. (NMET’96)句中的主语the Smiths表的是Smith一家人，因此指示代词his应改为their.
4.查平行结构是否平行一致
由and，or，but，either or，neither nor，not only，but also，as well as等并列连词和词组连接的结构可称为平行结构。It was very kind of them to meet me at the railway station and drove me to their home. 句中的drove显然与and前面的to meet不平行，应改为drive.
5.查名词的单复数与修饰词语或上下文是否一致
We study quite a few subject， such as Maths， Chinese.。。(NMET’97)quite a few只能修饰复数名词，故subject应改为subjects.
6.查行文逻辑是否一致
Most people can quickly get help from a doctor or go to a hospital since they are ill.(NMET’93)根据行文逻辑，这里不应该由since来引导原因状语从句，而应该是when / whenever或if来引导时间或条件状语从句。
短文改错解题四原则：改动以最少为原则; 虚词以添加或删除为原则; 实词以改变词形为原则以保持句子原意为原则。短文改错解题步骤：通读全文，掌握大意; 整句分析，逐行推敲。
改完后，要回过头来重读一遍全文，查看改过后是否能使语气通顺，时态一致，合乎逻辑。再次通读可以在初改时感觉不顺的地方集中精力，仔细推敲，使答案更加准确。
猜你感兴趣：
高考短文改错解题思路与答题技巧
