柳宗元的英文简介带翻译
柳宗元的英文简介带翻译
柳宗元，唐宋八大家之一，唐代文学家、哲学家、散文家和思想家世称“柳河东”，下面是学习啦小编为你整理的柳宗元的英文简介带翻译，希望对你有用!
柳宗元简介
Liu Zongyuan (AD 773 - November 28, AD 8), the word thick, Han, Hedong (now Shanxi Yuncheng Yongji area), one of the Tang and Song eight, Tang Dynasty writer, philosopher, essayist and Thinker world called "Liuhe East", "Mr. Hedong", because the official end Liuzhou provincial governor, also known as "willow state". Liu Zongyuan and Han Yu and known as "Han Liu", and Liu Yuxi and said "Liu Liu", and Wang Wei, Meng Haoran, Wei Yingwu and said "Wang Meng Wei Liu."
Liu Zongyuan life of more than 600 works of poetry and writing, the text of the achievements than poetry. Parallel prose has nearly 100 articles, prose argument strong, sharp sharp, ironic spicy. Travel to write the scene, and more sustenance, "Mr. Hedong set", representative of "Creek", "Jiang Xue", "Fisherman."
Liu Zongyuan survivors built Liu's houses, is located in Shanxi Jincheng City Qinshui County Wenxing Village, for the national 4A level scenic spots.
柳宗元(公元773年—公元819年11月28日)，字子厚，汉族，河东(现山西运城永济一带)人， 唐宋八大家之一，唐代文学家、哲学家、散文家和思想家世称“柳河东”、 “河东先生”，因官终柳州刺史，又称“柳柳州”。柳宗元与韩愈并称为“韩柳”，与刘禹锡并称“刘柳”，与王维、孟浩然、韦应物并称“王孟韦柳”。
柳宗元一生留诗文作品达600余篇，其文的成就大于诗。骈文有近百篇，散文论说性强，笔锋犀利，讽刺辛辣。游记写景状物，多所寄托，有《河东先生集》，代表作有《溪居》、《江雪》、《渔翁》。
柳宗元遗族所建柳氏民居，现位于山西晋城市沁水县文兴村，为国家4A级景区。
柳宗元人物生平
Early life
Liu Zongyuan's ancestral home is Hedong County (Hedong Liu and Hedong Xue's, Hedong Pei's and "Hedong three surname surname"), ancestors on behalf of the official (seven ancestors Liu Qing for the Northern Wei paternity, the closure of Yin Yin Gong. Gao Bozu Liu Shi was the prime minister, great-grandfather Liu Congyu, grandfather Liu Zha bow to have done magistrate). His father Liu Zhen served as Shi Yu Shi and other duties. Liu Zongyuan's mother Lushi Fan Yang Lu, ancestors on behalf of the official. Liu Zongyuan only two sisters.
773 years, Liu Zongyuan was born in the capital of Chang'an. At the age of four, the mother Lushi and his living in the Beijing West Manor, the mother of the initiation of education so that Liu Zongyuan had a strong interest in knowledge. Liu Zongyuan's childhood in Changan spent, so the corruption of the court incompetence, social crisis and turmoil have knowledge and feelings. (9 years old when encountered in the chaos, built four years, Liu Zongyuan to avoid the war came to his father's summer mouth. Only 12 years old Liu Zongyuan at this time also witnessed the separatist army of war) AD 785 years (Zhen Yuan first year), Liu Zhen to Jiangxi official. Liu Zongyuan with his father travel, direct contact with the community, an increase of knowledge. He is engaged in social, friendship and friends. Soon he returned to Chang'an. Father Liu Town, a long time in the government, the county, the real situation of the community to understand and develop a positive attitude and integrity of the character. The father of the poet and the mother of the Buddha laid the foundation for the later formation of the thought of "integrating Confucianism and Buddhism".
Juvenile talent
In 792, Liu Zongyuan was elected to the township, to participate in the scholarship examination. 793 years, 21-year-old Liu Zongyuan Jinshi and the first, fame. Soon, Liu Zongyuan's father Liu Zhen died, Liu Zongyuan at home mourning funeral In 796, Liu Zongyuan was arranged to secretary of the province of school secretary Lang. 798 years, 26-year-old Liu Zongyuan participated in the study of macro science examinations, and in the list, granted Xianxian College orthography (official order from the nine goods). 801 years, Liu Zongyuan was appointed as the blue sky Wei (positive six goods). 803 years in October, Liu Zongyuan was transferred back to Chang'an, any monitor censor. Since then with the official field of the upper class travel more widely, the political darkness of the corruption have a more in-depth understanding, and gradually germinated the desire to reform, become an important figure of Wang Shouwen reform.
During the innovation period
805 years (Zhen Yuan twenty-one years) on January 26, Tang Dezong died, the prince of the prince recite the throne, change Yuan Yongzhen, that is Shun. Shun ascended the throne, the reuse of Wang, Wang Shuwen and others. Liu Zongyuan and Wang Shouwen and other political opinion as the same, but also promoted to ritual members outside the Lang, in charge of etiquette, enjoy sacrifice and tribute. (At this time, there are many political politicians around Wang Shuwen, including Han Tai, Han Ye, Liu Yuxi, Chen Jian, Ling Zhun, Cheng Yi, Lu, Lu Wen, Li Jingjian, Fang Qi, who formed A political group). Wang Shouwen in charge of the government, the active implementation of innovation, adopted a series of reform measures, known as Yongzhen innovation. (Known as the five square children); denounced the corrupt officials of the corrupt officials, the abolition of the government, ; To rectify the tax, the abolition of local officials and local salt and iron to make additional contributions, and trying to recover in the hands of the eunuchs and the military forces.) With the aggravation of the condition, to the full house of eunuchs, courtiers joint foreign couples against The reformers put pressure on the court to retreat.
805 years (the first year of Yong Zhen) In April, the eunuchs Wenzhen, Liu Guangqi, Xue Yingzhen Li Guangling County, such as Wang Li Chun Prince, renamed Li Chun. In May, Wang Shuwen was cut into the post of Bachelor of Forestry. In July, the eunuch, Minister asked the Prince of the country. The same month, Wang Shuwen maternal funeral home mourning funeral August 5, Shun was forced to mediate the throne to Prince Edward Li Chun, known as "Yongzhen Zen." Li Chun ascended the throne, that is, Xianzong. Xianzong ascended the throne to combat the political group headed by Wang Shuwen and Wang. August 6, demoted Wang Shuwen for Yuzhou Secretary, Wang Qi for Sima Sima, Wang 伾 soon after the death, Wang Shuwen soon be given death. Yongzhen innovation failed, before and after a total of 180 days.
Left to move forever
Yongzhen innovation failed, in September, Liu Zongyuan was relegated to Shaozhou provincial governor, in November, in his way, Liu Zongyuan was relegated to Yongzhou Sima. (Wang Shuwen political group of other people have been relegated to the state of Sima, later known as "two king eight Sima.") To the post Liu Zongyuan temporary residence in Longxing Temple. After six months, Liu Zongyuan's mother died of illness.
In 1815, Liu Zongyuan left Yongzhou, living in Yongzhou 10 years, Liu Zongyuan in philosophy, politics, history, literature and other aspects of study, and travel Yongzhou landscape, make local scholars and idlers, he wrote "Yongzhou eight mind" "Liuhe East Complete Works" of more than 540 poems in 317 created in Yongzhou).
815 years (yuan and ten years) in January, Liu Zongyuan received an edict, he immediately returned to Beijing. In February, after more than a month of trek, Liu Zongyuan returned to Chang'an. In Changan, Liu Zongyuan not been reused, due to Wu Yuanheng and others hatred, do not agree to re-enable. March 14, Liu Zongyuan was relegated to Liuzhou provincial governor. The end of March, Liu Zongyuan starting from Chang'an, went to Liuzhou, arrived on June 27. 819 years (yuan and fourteen years), Xianzong implementation of amnesty, Xianzong in the degree of persuasion, the emperor called Liu Zongyuan back to Beijing. On the eighth day of November, Liu Zongyuan died in Liuzhou due to illness. At the age of 47 years old.
早年生活
柳宗元的祖籍是河东郡(河东柳氏与河东薛氏、河东裴氏并称“河东三著姓”)，祖上世代为官(七世祖柳庆为北魏侍中，封济阴公。柳宗元的堂高伯祖柳奭曾为宰相，曾祖父柳从裕、祖父柳察躬都做过县令)。其父柳镇曾任侍御史等职。柳宗元的母亲卢氏属范阳卢氏，祖上世代为官。柳宗元只有两个妹妹。
773年，柳宗元生出生于京城长安。四岁时，母亲卢氏和他住在京西庄园里，母亲的启蒙教育使柳宗元对知识产生了强烈的兴趣。柳宗元的幼年在长安度过，因此对朝廷的腐败无能、社会的危机与动荡有所见闻和感受。(九岁时遭遇建中之乱，建中四年，柳宗元为避战乱来到父亲的任所夏口。年仅12岁的柳宗元在这时也亲历了藩镇割据的战火)公元785年(贞元元年)，柳镇到江西做官。柳宗元随父亲宦游，直接接触到社会，增长了见识。他参与社交，结友纳朋，并受到人们的重视。不久，他回到了长安。 父亲柳镇长期任职于府、县，对现实社会情况有所了解，并养成了积极用世的态度和刚直不阿的品德。能诗善文的父亲和信佛的母亲为他后来“统合儒佛”思想的形成奠定了基础。
少年成才
792年，柳宗元被选为乡贡，得以参加进士科考试。793年，21岁的柳宗元进士及第，名声大振。不久，柳宗元的父亲柳镇去世，柳宗元在家守丧。796年，柳宗元被安排到秘书省任校书郎。798年，26岁的柳宗元参加了博学宏词科考试，并中榜，授集贤殿书院正字(官阶从九品上)。801年，柳宗元被任命为蓝田尉(正六品)。803年十月，柳宗元被调回长安，任监察御史里行。从此与官场上层人物交游更广泛，对政治的黑暗腐败有了更深入的了解，逐渐萌发了要求改革的愿望，成为王叔“”新派的重要人物。
革新期间
805年(贞元二十一年)1月26日，唐德宗驾崩，皇太子李诵继位，改元永贞，即顺宗。顺宗即位后，重用王伾、王叔文等人。柳宗元由于与王叔文等政见相同，也被提拔为礼部员外郎，掌管礼仪、享祭和贡举。(此时，在王叔文周围还有许多相同政见的政治人物，包括韩泰、韩晔、刘禹锡、陈谏、凌准、程异、陆质、吕温、李景俭、房启等人，他们形成了一个政治集团)。 王叔文等掌管朝政后，积极推行革新，采取了一系列的改革措施，史称永贞革新。 (主要采取的革新措施有，抑制藩镇势力，加强中央的权力;废除宫市，罢黜雕坊、鹘坊、鹞坊、狗坊、鹰坊的宦官(称为五坊小儿);贬斥贪官污吏;整顿税收，废除地方官吏和地方盐铁使的额外进奉，并试图收回在宦官和藩镇手中的兵权。)随着顺宗的病情加重，以俱文珍为首的宦官集团，朝臣联合外藩联合反对改革派向朝廷施加压力，要其引退。
805年(永贞元年)4月，宦官俱文珍、刘光琦、薛盈珍等立广陵郡王李淳为太子，改名李纯。5月，王叔文被削翰林学士一职。7月，宦官，大臣请太子监国。同月，王叔文因母丧回家守丧。八月五日，顺宗被迫禅让帝位给太子李纯，史称“永贞内禅”。李纯即位，即宪宗。宪宗一即位就打击以王叔文和王伾为首的政治集团。8月6日，贬王叔文为渝州司户，王伾为开州司马，王伾到任不久后病死，王叔文不久也被赐死。永贞革新宣告失败，前后共180多天。
左迁永柳
永贞革新失败后，9月，柳宗元被贬为邵州刺史，11月，在赴任途中，柳宗元被加贬为永州司马。 (王叔文政治集团的其他人也被贬为远州的司马，后称“二王八司马”。)到职后的柳宗元暂居在龙兴寺。经过半年，柳宗元的母亲因病去世。
815年，柳宗元离开永州，生活在永州的10年中，柳宗元在哲学、政治、历史、文学等方面进行钻研，并游历永州山水，结交当地士子和闲人，他写下《永州八记》(《柳河东全集》的540多篇诗文中有317篇创作于永州)。
815年(元和十年)1月， 柳宗元接到诏书，要他立即回京。2月，经过一个多月的跋涉，柳宗元回到了长安。在长安，柳宗元没有受到重用，由于武元衡等人的仇视，不同意重新启用。3月14日，柳宗元被改贬为柳州刺史。 3月底，柳宗元从长安出发，赴柳州，六月二七日抵达。819年(元和十四年)，宪宗实行大赦，宪宗在裴度的说服下，敕召柳宗元回京。十一月初八，柳宗元在柳州因病去世。享年47岁。
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