初中介词英语用法归纳总结
初中介词英语用法归纳总结
初中介词英语用法归纳总结有哪些?想了解更多的信息吗?一起来看看，以下是学习啦小编分享给大家的英语中的介词for的用法归纳，希望可以帮到你!
英语中的介词for的用法归纳
用法1：(表目的)为了。如：
They went out for a walk. 他们出去散步了。
What did you do that for? 你干吗这样做?
That’s what we’re here for. 这正是我们来的目的。
What’s she gone for this time? 她这次去干什么去了?
He was waiting for the bus. 他在等公共汽车。
【用法说明】在通常情况下，英语不用 for doing sth 来表示目的。如：
他去那儿看他叔叔。
误：He went there for seeing his uncle.
正：He went there to see his uncle.
但是，若一个动名词已名词化，则可与 for 连用表目的。如：
He went there for swimming. 他去那儿游泳。(swimming 已名词化)
注意：若不是表目的，而是表原因、用途等，则其后可接动名词。(见下面的有关用法)
用法2：(表利益)为，为了。如：
What can I do for you? 你想要我什么?
We study hard for our motherland. 我们为祖国努力学习。
Would you please carry this for me? 请你替我提这个东西好吗?
Do more exercise for the good of your health. 为了健康你要多运动。
【用法说明】(1) 有些后接双宾语的动词(如 buy, choose, cook, fetch, find, get, order, prepare, sing, spare 等)，当双宾语易位时，通常用 for 来引出间接宾语，表示间接宾语为受益者。如：
She made her daughter a dress. / She made a dress for her daughter. 她为她女儿做了件连衣裙。
He cooked us some potatoes. / He cooked some potatoes for us. 他为我们煮了些土豆。
注意，类似下面这样的句子必须用 for：
He bought a new chair for the office. 他为办公室买了张新办公椅。
(2) 注意不要按汉语字面意思，在一些及物动词后误加介词 for：
他们决定在电视上为他们的新产品打广告。
误：They decided to advertise for their new product on TV.
正：They decided to advertise their new product on TV.
注：advertise 可用作及物或不及物动词，但含义不同：advertise sth=为卖出某物而打广告;advertise for sth=为寻找某物而打广告。如：advertise for a job=登广告求职。由于受汉语“为”的影响，而此处误加了介词 for。类似地，汉语中的“为人民服务”，说成英语是 serve the people，而不是 serve for the people，“为某人的死报仇”，说成英语是 avenge sb’s death，而不是 avenge for sb’s death，等等。
用法3：(表用途)用于，用来。如：
Knives are used for cutting things. 小刀是用来切东西的。
This knife is for cutting bread. 这把小刀是用于切面包的。
It’s a machine for slicing bread. 这是切面包的机器。
The doctor gave her some medicine for her cold. 医生给了她一些感冒药。
用法4：为得到，为拿到，为取得。如：
He went home for his book. 他回家拿书。
He went to his friend for advice. 他去向朋友请教。
She often asked her parents for money. 她经常向父母要钱。
We all hope for success. 我们都盼望成功。
Are you coming in for some tea? 你要不要进来喝点茶?
用法5：给(某人)，供(某人)用。如。如：
That’s for you. 这是给你的。
Here is a letter for you. 这是你的信。
Have you room for me there? 你那边能给我腾出点地方吗?
用法6：(表原因、理由)因为，由于。如：
I am sorry for it. 对不起。
Thank you for coming to see me. 谢谢你来看我。
You can’t see the wood for the trees. 你只见树木，不见森林。
He is famous for his poems. 他因为他的诗出名。
He was sent to prison for robbery. 他因为抢劫而坐牢。
I couldn’t speak for laughing. 我笑得说不出话来。
He couldn’t sleep for joy. 他高兴得不能入睡。
For several reasons, I’d rather not meet her. 由于种种原因，我宁愿不见她。
【用法说明】有些表原因的特殊结构不宜用介词 for 来引出，而用其他介词。如：
他由于努力工作而加了工资。
误：For the result of his hard work, he got a pay rise.
正：As a [the] result of his hard work, he got a pay rise.
注：as a [the] result of 是习语，意为“由于……的结果”。
因为母亲不在家，她只好自己做饭。
误：For Mother (being) away, she had to cook the meal herself.
正：With Mother (being) away, she had to cook the meal herself.
注：“with+宾语+宾语补足语”可用来表示原因，此时的 with 不能换成 for。类似地，下例中的 with 也不能换成 for：
With all this work to do, I don’t know if I’ll have time to go out. 有这么多工作要做，我不知是否有时间出去。
我们祝贺你的成功。
误：We congratulate you for your success.
正：We congratulate you on your success.
注：congratulate 后习惯上接介词 on 表示原因。
用法7：(表目标、去向)去。如：
Is this bus for Chicago? 这辆公共汽车开往芝加哥吗?
They’ll leave for Beijing tomorrow. 明天他们动身去北京。
They set off for the shops. 他们买东西去了。
Is this the train for Shanghai? 这是开往上海的火车吗?
Passengers for Tianjing must change at Beijing. 去天津的旅客必须在北京换车。
【用法说明】比较 for 与 to，两者均可表示目的地，注意以下区别：
for 通常与 leave, start, set out, set off, head, steer, depart, be bound, be destined 等动词连用，而 to 则通常与 come, drive, fly, get, go, lead, march, move, return, ride, run, travel, walk 等动词连用。如：
We departed for London at 10 am. 我们上午10点动身去伦敦。
Then we drove to the station. 然后我们就开车去了车站。
有时，同一个动词(如 sail)两者均可连用，但含义稍有差别：用 for 通常只表示向着某目的地那个方向，并不强调到达的意思;而 to 含有到达某目的地的意思。如：
They sailed for Shanghai. 他们开船驶往广州。
They sailed to Shanghai. 他们开船驶至广州。
若与名词连用，也有类似区别。如：
There will be a train for Wuhan. 有开往武汉的火车。(仅表示向武汉方向，但在武汉未必是停靠站)
There will be a train to Wuhan. 有开往武汉的火车。(开往武汉方向，且在武汉停靠)(R56)
顺便说一句，也有的辞书持几乎相反的观点，认为 for 与 to 表示目的地时，for 表示的是预定目的地，而to 表示的是假设将会到达的目的地。
初中英语介词to的用法归纳
一：表示相对，针对
be strange (common, new, familiar, peculiar, distinct, sensitive, immune, vulnerable, indispensable) to
Air is indispensable to life.
Aircrafts are vulnerable to interference caused by radiation.
This injection will make you immune to infection.
二：表示对比，比较
1：以-ior结尾的形容词，后接介词to表示比较，如：superior ,inferior,prior,senior,junior
The quarrel happened prior to my arrival.
2: 一些本身就含有比较或比拟意思的形容词，如equal，similar，equivalent，analogous
A is similar to B in many ways.
3：表示一些先后顺序的形容词，如：second,subsequent,next,preliminary,preparatory
Subsequent to the war,they returned to their hometown.
4: to也偶尔出现在个别动词之后,与动词形成固定词组,表示比较,如:prefer to,compare to,in contrast to
compare to sth.表示比喻或比拟,而compare with sth.表示比较,如:
World is usually compared to a stage
Compared with his past,he has changed a lot.
Prefer的正确句型是:prefer A to B或prefer doing A to doing B,但当prefer后接动词不定式时,表示比较的介
词to就要改成rather than ,如:
The undaunted soldier preferred death to surrender.
Many people prefer spending money to earning money.
They prefer to pursue careers rather than remain home as house wives.
5: to与及个别的名词构成比较之意,如:alternative
Going to an under water concert is a great alternative to going to dinner.
三: 表示修饰关系
1: 表示回复,反应意思的词,如:answer to question,
solution to problem,response to inquiry,reaction to proposal,reply to letter
2: 表示建筑构件的词汇,如: entry,entrance,approach,access,passage,exit,vent,path
the approach to a bridge引桥
the approach to science
Half of the population was estimated to have no access to the health service.
The access to education 接受教育的机会
The access to medical care 享受公费医疗的权利
3: 表示人物职位和官衔的词,如:assistant to manager, ambassador to Spain, successor to tradition, heir to
throne,deputy to the National People’s Congress
advisor to the Prime Minister
4: 表示权利和许可的词汇,如:right,admission
The employee finally got the admission to the boardroom.
Everyone has an equal right to ……..
5: 表示栅栏或障碍的词汇,如:bars to development,the barrier to progress
6: 表示与书籍,文本相关的词,如:introduction to passage.
7: 表示恭喜或是祝贺,如:
The director proposed a toast to the health of the guests.
Let’s drink to Dick’s success in business
8: 另外还有一些名词符合这种用法,有的具有两者息息相关,缺一不可的含义.如:key to door,invitation to
party,
guide to action,limitation to life,accessory to school四: to还具有依据,伴随,和着节奏的含义,如:sing to piano, chance to the tune, stamp to the rhythm of the song, add salt to taste
(一)：表示相关联，相连接，如：be related to,be relative to,in relation to,be relevant to,link to
Investigate all the facts related to the problem.
People often linked walth to happiness.
(二)：表示反对和赞同。
1：to引导的表示反对，抗拒，对抗意义的词组。Be opposed to,be oppsist to,be contrary to,be adverse to,be
resistant to,be contradictory to,object to,oppose to,deny tp,be aline to
These buildings are resistant to earthquake.
They are to tally opposed to any changes being made in the plans.
2: to引导的表示同意，赞同意义的词组：consent to,subseribe to,
The employer consented to give him a salary raise.
表示调整，使符合，使适应的含义，如：adapt to,commodate to, adjust to,conform to,habituate to,fit to,suit
to,correspond to,cater to
She tried to habituate herself to the style of plain living.
Your action should conform to the interests of the people.
They offered various foods to cater to the need of customers.
His words doesn’t fit to his actions.
Suit your writing style to the masses.
3: 表示投降,屈服,服从的含义,如:be subject to,be subordinate to,submit to,subject to,surrender to,give in
to,confess to,admit to.
The minority is subordinate to the majority少数服从多数
Countries nearby oceans are always subject to earthquake.
He confessed to having robbed the woman of her wallet.
We’re not the kind of people to yield to any military threat.
五: 表示趋势或倾向,如:tend to,be prone to,be inclined to,be apt to,be liable to
He’s liable to seasickness.
You are liable to come to wrong conclusion.
六: 表示对事情的坚持与执着,如:sick to,hold o,adhere to,cling to
He still holds on to his original views.
七: 表示约束,局限,如:limit to,confine to,resrict to
He’s confined to the house by illness.
He confined his remarks to scientific mangement.
八: 表示一种习惯或是一种适应性,如:get (be) to,used to,be accustomed to
Finally,the students got used to my teaching method.
九: 表示起因和原由,如wing to,due to,thanks to,attribute to,come down to
The flight was cancelled due to the thick fog.
The famous artist attributed his success to his wife.
十: 表示目的或结果,如:aim to,lead to,give rise to
I aim to be an excellent college teacher.
His conceit lead to his failure.
These bad condition has given rise to a lot of crises
十一: 表示命运,注定,如:be doomed to,be destined to,
All military adventures by the two super powers are doomed to fail.
十二: 表示数量上的积累或增加,如:in addition to,add to,amount to
In addition to relief supplies,he also presented with some money.
The annual output of steel amounts to 1200 tons.
十三: 表示全身心投入的含义,如:be addicted to,contribute to,devote to,commit to
He is determined to devote all his life to his.
十四: 表示展望或是回顾,如:look forward to反date back to
The church dates back to the 13th century.
十五: 表示方位概念.如:close to,next to
I don’t like wool next to my skin.
初中所有介词知识点用法总结
♥表示方位的介词：in，to, on
1. in 表示在某地范围之内。
如: Shanghai is/lies in the east of China.
上海在中国的东部。
2. to 表示在某地范围之外。
如: Japan is/lies to the east of China.
日本位于中国的东面。
3. on 表示与某地相邻或接壤。
如: Mongolia is/lies on the north of China.
蒙古国位于中国北边。
♥表示计量的介词：at, for, by
1. at表示“以……速度”“以……价格”。
如: It flies at about 900 kilometers a hour.
它以每小时900公里的速度飞行。
I sold my car at a high price.
我以高价出售了我的汽车。
2. for表示“用……交换,以……为代价”。
如: He sold his car for 500 dollars.
他以五百元把车卖了。
注意:at表示单价(price) ,for表示总钱数。
3. by表示“以……计”,后跟度量单位。
如: They paid him by the month.
他们按月给他计酬。
Here eggs are sold by weight.
在这里鸡蛋是按重量卖的。
♥表示材料的介词：of, from, in
1. of成品仍可看出原料。
如: This box is made of paper.
这个盒子是纸做的。
2. from成品已看不出原料。
如: Wine is made from grapes.
葡萄酒是葡萄酿成的。
3. in表示用某种材料或语言。
如: Please fill in the form in pencil first.
请先用铅笔填写这个表格。
They talk in English.
他们用英语交谈。
注意: in指用材料,不用冠词;而with指用工具,要用冠词。
请比较: draw in pencil 与draw with a pencil.
♥表示工具或手段的介词：by, with, on
1. by用某种方式,多用于交通。
如：by bus 乘公共汽车
by e-mail. 通过电子邮件
注意: 表示搭乘交通工具时,用by时不用冠词,用in时要用冠词。
请比较: I went there by bus/in a bus.
我是坐公共汽车去的那儿。
2. with表示“用某种工具”。
如:He broke the window with a stone.
他用石头把玻璃砸坏了。
注意: with表示用某种工具时,必须用冠词或物主代词。
3. on表示“以……方式”,多用于固定词组。
如：They talked on the telephone.
他们通过电话进行交谈。
She learns English on the radio/on TV.
她通过收音机/电视学英语。
♥表示关于的介词：of , about，on
1. of仅是提到或谈到过某人或某事。
如: He spoke of the film the other day.
他前几天提到了这部影片。
He thought about this matter yesterday.
他昨天考虑了这件事。
2. about指“关于”某人或某事物的较详细的情况。
如: Can you tell me something about yourself?
你能告诉我一些关于你自己的事情吗?
3. on指“关于”学术性的或严肃的事。
如: It’s a textbook on the history of china.
它是一本有关中国历史的教科书。
♥表原因或理由的介词：for, at，from，of, with, by，because of
1. for表示原因,常与sorry,famous, punish, praise, thank, blame等词连用。
如: I am sorry for what I said to you.
我后悔不该对你讲那些话。
2. at指情感变化的原因,意为“因听到或看到而……”。
如: He was surprised at the news.
听到这消息他大吃一惊。
3. from指“外在的原因”,如受伤、车祸等。
如: He died from the wound.
他因受伤而致死。
4. of指“内在的原因”,如病、饿等。
如: The old man died of hunger.
老人死于饥饿。
5. with指生理上或情感上的由外界到内心的原因。
如: Hearing the news, he jumped with joy.
他们听到这个消息,欣喜若狂。
He was shaking with anger.
他气得浑身发抖。
6. by表示外部的,尤其是暴力的或无意中造成某种结果的原因。
如：Her body was bent by age.
他因年老背弯了。
She took your umbrella by mistake.
我因弄错拿了你的雨伞。
7. because of 表示引起结果的直接原因。
如: He retired last month because of illness/because he ill.
他上个月因病退休了!
8. owing to多表示引起某不良后果的原因。
如: Owing to the rain they could not come.
由于下雨他们没来。
9. thanks to表示引起某种幸运结果的原因,常译为“幸亏……,多亏……”。
如: Thanks to John, we won the game.
多亏约翰,我们才赢了这场比赛。
10. out of表示动机的起因,常译为“出于……”。
如: He asked the question out of curiosity.
他出于好奇才问了那个问题。
11. through多表示因局部而影响全局的原因。
如: The war was lost through bad organization.
战争因组织不周而失败了。
♥表示好像或当作的介词：like, as
1. like表示“像……一样”,其实不是。
如: Peter the Great, like his country, was strong and proud.
彼得大帝像他的国家一样强健和自豪。
2. as表示“作为,以……身份”,其实也是。
如:He talked to me as a father.
他以父亲的身份跟我谈话。
注: as作连词时,可表示“好像……”。
如:The work is not so difficult as you imagine.
这工作不像你想像的那么困难。
♥表示支持或反对的介词：against，for
against反对,for支持,互为反义词。
如: Are you for my idea or against it?
你赞同还是反对我的想法?
表示除某人某物外的介词：besides, except
1. besides是包括后面所提人或物在内的“除……外,还”。
如: Thirty students went to the cinema besides him.
除他以外,还有30个学生去看了电影。(他和另外30人都去了)
He is interested in tennis besides(=as wellas)football.
除了足球,他还对网球感兴趣。
2. except是指不包括后面所提人或物在内的“除去”。
如: Everyone is excited except me.
除我以外的每个人都很激动。(他们激动,而我却不激动)
All the visitors are Japanese except him.
除他以外的所有游客都是日本人。(其他人是日本人,可他不是)
注意:
(A) except通常与表示全体的all, every连用;若与other连用,只能用besides。
如: He had other people to take care of besides me.
除我之外,他还要照顾别人。
(B) except是排除同类;而except for是排除非同类,常在说明基本情况后,从细节上加上修正。
如: The composition is very good except for a few spelling mistakes.
除了几处拼写错误之外,这篇作文整体还是不错的。(作文与拼写错误是非同类的)
但except for也可代替except,特别是在句首时,因为except是不能用于句首的。
如: Except George, you can all go.
除乔治外,你们都可以去。
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