初中英语反义疑问句的用法归纳
反义疑问句是由两部分组成的,前一部分是对事物的陈述,后一部分是简短的提问,中间用逗号隔开。想知道初中英语反义疑问句怎么用吗?一起来看看吧,以下是学习啦小编分享给大家的初中英语反义疑问句的用法,希望可以帮到你!
初中英语反义疑问句的用法
1. 当陈述部分的主语是I,而句子又是用来征询对方的意见时,附加疑问句中的主语用you。如:
I find English very interesting, don't you?
I don't like that film, do you?
2. 当陈述部分的主语是everybody, everyone, someone, nobody, no one, somebody等合成代词时,附加疑问句中的主语通常用they。但亦可用he,尤其是nobody, no one等作主语,具有表示否定意义时。如:
Somebody phoned while I was out, didn't they?
Everyone enjoyed the party, didn't they?
Nobody wants to go there, does he?
3. 当陈述部分的主语是不定代词everything, nothing, anything, something时,附加疑问句中的主语一般用it,不用they。如:
Everything seems all right now, doesn't it?
Nothing is kept in good order, is it?
Something must be done to stop pollution, isn't it?
4. 当陈述部分的主语是指示代词this, that或these, those时,附加疑问句中的主语分别用it和they。如:
This is important, isn't it?
That isn't correct, is it?
These are your friends Tom and Jack, aren't they?
5. 如果陈述部分是以代词one作主语,附加疑问句中的主语在正式场合用one,非正式场合用you, 在美国英语中,在非正式场合还可以用he。如:
One can't be too careful, can one?( 或can you?)
One should do his duty, shouldn't he?
6. 如果陈述部分用I'm…结构,附加疑问部分一般用aren't I。如:
I am strong and healthy, aren't I?
7. 当陈述句为there be结构时,附加疑问句中的主语也用there。如:
There's no help for it, is there?
There's something wrong, isn't there?
8. 陈述部分带有seldom, hardly, never, rarely, few, little,nowhere, nothing等否定词或半否定词时,附加疑问部分的动词用肯定形式。如:
Bob rarely got drunk, did he?
Few people know him, do they?
She seldom goes to the cinema, does she?
如果陈述部分的否定词带有否定前缀,那么,该陈述部分作肯定处理,附加疑问部分一般仍用否定形式。如:
He was unsuccessful, wasn't he?
Tom dislikes the book, doesn't he?
9. 当陈述部分为主从复合句时,附加疑问部分一般应与主句的主语和谓语动词保持对应关系。如:
She says that I did it, doesn't she?
I told them not everybody could do it,didn't I?
但当陈述部分的主语是I,谓语是think, believe, suppose, expect这类动词时,附加疑问部分则往往与从句中的主语和谓语动词保持对应关系,但要注意否定的转移。
I suppose that he's serious, isn't he?
I don't think she cares, does she?
10. 当陈述部分是并列句,附加疑问句则需和就近的分句的主语和谓语保持一致。如:
Xiao Lin has been writing letters all afternoon but he should finish them now, shouldn't he?
11. 在由“祈使句+附加疑问句”构成的反义疑问句中,附加的疑问部分一般用will you, won't you, wouldyou等,有时也可用can you, can't you, why don’t you,could you等。如:
Don't open the door, will you?
Give me some cigarettes, can you?
Take a rest, why don't you?
但是,以let's开头的祈使句,附加疑问部分用shall we;以let us开头的祈使句,如果含义是allow us,不包括听话人在内,疑问部分用will you。如:
Let's have a basketball match this afternoon, shall we?
Let us go out for a rest, will you?
12. 当陈述部分带有情态动词must表示“必须”时,疑问部分用mustn't。如:
You must work hard next term, mustn't you?
I must answer the letter, mustn't I?
但若表推测这层含义时,不能用must,而要根据陈述部分的不定式结构(即must之后的动词)以及含义采用相应的动词形式。如:
You must have made a mistake, haven't you?
They must have seen the film last week, didn't they?
He must be in the library, isn't he?
13. 当陈述部分含有情态动词used to时,疑问部分可用usedn't或didn't。如:
The old man used to smoke, didn't he?或usedn't he?
Tom used to live here, usedn't he?或didn't he?
14. 当陈述部分带有情态动词ought to时,疑问部分用oughtn't或shouldn't。如:
He ought to know the answer, oughtn't he?
We ought to read this book, oughtn't we?或shouldn't we?
15. 当陈述部分含有had better时,疑问部分用had。
如:You'd better finish your homework now, hadn't you?
16. 感叹句后的附加疑问句的谓语动词需用be的现在时,且常用否定形式。如:
What a clever boy, isn't he?
What a lovely day, isn't it?
17. 陈述句子中的主语为动词不定式短语、动名词短语或其他短语时,疑问部分的主语通常用it。如:
Learning how to repair motors takes a long time, doesn't it?
Between six and seven will suit you, won't it?
Where to hold the meeting has not been decided, has it?
18. 在口语和非正式文体中,为了加强语气,只是表示某种惊奇、怀疑、反感、讽刺等感情而并不是为了寻求回答,这时前后两部分的肯定、否定是一致的。如:
Oh, he is a writer, is he?
You'll not go, won't you?
19. 陈述句中的谓语动词是wish,表示愿望时用may,且用肯定形式。如:
I wish to have a chance to learn English, may I?
20. 当陈述部分带有表示“所有”含义的动词have(has)时,疑问部分既可用have形式,也可用do形式。如:
You have a new bike, haven't you(或don't you)?
She doesn't have any money in her pocket, does she?
初中含情态动词的反意疑问句
1 、带 have to 时
附加疑问用 do 或 have的相应形式 ,用 do 更常见.
You don’t have to go to school on Sundays ,do you?
We have to work today ,don’t we (haven’t we )
2、 带 must时
A 表示“必须”,附加疑问部分用 mustn’t
We must work hard ,mustn’t we
B 表示“有必要”时,附加疑问部分用 needn’t.
The teacher must show concern for each pupil ,needn’t he
C 表示“推测”时,附加疑问部分要与陈述部分的谓语动词相呼应.
He must be a teacher,isn’t he
D must + have + done 是对过去情况的推测,当陈述部分没有明确的表示过去的 时间状语时,附加疑问要用have的相应形式;当陈述部分有明确的过去时间状语时,附加疑问要用过去时.
You must have lived here for a long time ,haven’t you
You must have seen him yesterday ,didn’t you
E 当陈述部分是 must not ,表示“一定不要” 、“禁止”时,附加疑问除用must 外,还可以用may.
I must not tell him ,must I ( may I )
3 、带 used to 时
附加疑问用 usedn’t 或didn’t .但口语中倾向于后者.
There used to be an apple tree in the garden ,didn’t there (usedn’t there )
4 、带need 时
附加疑问用 do 或 need ,应该与陈述部分 need 用法相呼应.
I needn’t tell you the answer ,need I
You need to buy a better dictionary ,don’t you
5、 带ought to 时
附加疑问用ought.,但在美国英语中用should
We ought to help each other ,oughtn’t we / shouldn’t we
初中英语语法归纳总结
1、冠词基本用法
名词是秃子,常要戴帽子,
可数名词单,须用a或an,
辅音前用a, an在元音前,
若为特指时,则须用定冠,
复数不可数,泛指the不见,
碰到代词时,冠词均不现。
【妙语诠释】
冠词是中考必考的语法知识之一,也是中考考查的主要对象。
以上口诀包括的意思有:
①名词在一般情况下不单用,常常要和冠词连用;
②表示不确指的可数名词单数前要用不定冠词a或an,确指时要用定冠词the;
③如复数名词表示泛指,名词前有this,these,my,some等时就不用冠词。
2、名词单数变复数规则
单数变复数,规则要记住,
一般加s,特殊有几处:
/s/结尾,es不离后,
末尾字母o,大多加s,
两人有两菜,es不离口,
词尾f、fe,s前有v和e;
没有规则词,必须单独记。
【妙语诠释】
①大部分单数可数名词变为复数要加s,但如果单词以/t?蘩/、/?蘩/、/s/发音结尾(也就是单词如果以ch,sh,s,x等结尾),则一般加es;
②以o结尾的单词除了两人(negro,hero)两菜(tomato,potato)加es外,其余一般加s;
③以f或fe结尾的单词一般是把f,fe变为ve再加s;
④英语中还有些单词没有规则,需要特殊记忆,如child—children,mouse—mice,deer—deer,sheep—sheep,Chinese—Chinese,ox—oxen,man—men,woman—women,foot—feet,tooth—teeth。
3、名词所有格用法
名词所有格,表物是“谁的”,
若为生命词,加“’s”即可行,
词尾有s,仅把逗号择;
并列名词后,各自和共有,
前者分别加,后者最后加;
若为无生命词,of所有格,
前后须倒置,此是硬规则。
【妙语诠释】
①有生命的名词所有格一般加s,但如果名词以s结尾,则只加“’”;
②并列名词所有格表示各自所有时,分别加“’s”,如果是共有,则只在最后名词加“’s”;
③如果是无生命的名词则用of表示所有格,这里需要注意它们的顺序与汉语不同,A of B要翻译为B的A。
4、接不定式作宾语的动词
三个希望两答应,两个要求莫拒绝;
设法学会做决定,不要假装在选择。
【妙语诠释】
三个希望两答应:hope,wish,want,agree,promise
两个要求莫拒绝:demand,ask,refuse
设法学会做决定:manage,learn,decide
不要假装在选择:petend,choose
5、接动名词作宾语的动词
Mrs. P Black missed a beef bag. (P·布莱克夫人丢了一个牛肉袋。)
【妙语诠释】
该句话中每个字母代表了一个动词或短语,这些动词要求后面跟动名词作宾语。这些动词分别是:
M=mind, r=risk, s=succeed in,P=practice,B=be busy, l=look forward to,a=admit,c=can’t help, k=keep on, m=miss,i=insist on,s=suggest,s=stop,e=enjoy,d=delay,
a=avoid,b=be worth,a=advise,g=give up。
6、不定式作宾补时
省to的动词 速记口诀
一感,二听,三让,四看,半帮助
【妙语诠释】
一感:feel;二听:hear,listen to;三让:make,let,have;四看:see,notice,watch,ob-serve;半帮助:help。
7、形容词和副词
比较等级用法 速记口诀
1. 比较级与最高级:两者比较than相连,三者比较the在前。
2.同级比较:同级比较用原形,as…as永不离;as…as加not,只言两者是同一,若是not so…as,后强前弱不看齐。
【妙语诠释】
①比较级通常和than连用,而最高级通常跟有定冠词the;
②同级比较一般用as…as表示“与…一样”,这时谁强谁弱不能比较出来,而not so…as则表示后者比前者强,翻译为“不如……”。
8、反义疑问句用法
反意问句三要点,前后谓语正相反;
短句not如出现,必须缩写是习惯;
最后一点应注意,短句主语代词填。
【妙语诠释】
①反意疑问句的构成应该是“肯定的陈述句+否定的疑问”或“否定的陈述句+肯定的疑问”;
②在短句中not必须与do,will,can等组成缩写形式;
③在简短问句中,疑问句的主语必须是代词,而不能用名词形式。
9、感叹句用法
感叹句,并不难,what、how放句前;
强调名词用what,其余用how很简单。
【妙语诠释】
由what引导的感叹句一般修饰名词,而how引导的感叹句一般修饰形容词、副词或句子。
10、宾语从句用法
宾语从句须注意,几点事项应牢记。
一是关键引导词,不同句子词相异。
陈述句子用that;一般疑问是否(if,whether)替;特殊问句更好办,引导还用疑问词。
二是时态常变化,主句不同从句异。主句若为现在时,从句时态应看意;主句若为过去时,从句时态向前移。
三是语序要记清,从句永保陈述序。
【妙语诠释】
宾语从句应注意三点:
①引导词,陈述句一般由that引导,这时的that可以省略;一般疑问句则由if或whe-ther引导;而特殊疑问句则由特殊疑问词引导。
②时态,主句是现在时态,从句可用所需要的任何时态;但如果主句是过去时态,从句时态所表示时间一般往前移一个时间段。
③语序,宾语从句永远要用陈述句顺序。
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