常见新托福口语连接词
想在新托福口语中拿高分什么最重要?连接词最重要。无论你在托福考试之前做了什么准备,都不要忘记连接词,巧用连接词可以让你的各个语句组成一个整体,让你的思维变得连贯,进而拿到新托福口语高分。下面小编给大家带来常见新托福口语连接词。
常见新托福口语连接词
常见的新托福口语连接词有:
(1)表选择关系或对等关系的连接词:either…or…,neither…nor, or, as well as…, and, both…and…。
(2)表因果关系或对等关系的连接词:therefore, so, as a result, as the result of …,because of, due to …,owing to, thanks to等。
(3)表时间顺序的连接词:the moment, as soon as, at first, then, later, meanwhyle, at the beginning, in the end, before long, for the first(second…)time, the minute等。
(4)表转折关系的连接词:yet, and yet, but , while, on the contrary, on the other hand, however, at the same time(然而)等。
(5)表解释说明的连接词:that is, that is to say, in other words, such as, for instance, and so on, etc. and the like等。
(6)表递进关系的连接词:not only…but (also), what,s more, what's worse, besides, in addition, worse still, moreover, above all等。
(7)表示总结的连接词:in a word, on the whole, in short, briefly, in brief, to sum up, in all等。
对于这些连接词的应用,大家一定要有信心!!相信自己能说好,相信自己能把想要表达的东西表达清楚。只要你说的能让老美听懂就OK,所以就更加证明了托福口语连接词是很重要的。
而且,连接词的口语需要的就是练,练多了就有感觉了,尤其是1、2题,就不会忘记在句子停顿的时候用一个连接词来连接。
托福口语提高方法:巧用托福口语连接词
我们先来看一个例子:
下面是以为同学针对问题“What is an activity that you enjoy doing with your friends and why? Please include specific examples and details in your explanation.”的回答。
There are two reasons why I think so. One reason is that playing sports help us create strong bonds of friendship. It creates many opportunities of cooperation if we have to beat others when play in a group.I don’t like exercising alone. It is really boring if you have to repeat some moves.I am really interested in playing sports with my friends.
第一句是总起句,应该用表起始的连接词,如: in the beginning, in the first place,等等;第二句是第一句的解释,因此可以用that is to say, in other words等等来联系这些关系。表递进的关系,可以用moreover。下面我们来看看修改后的答案。
As far as I am concerned, I really love playing sports with my friends. There are two reasons why I think so. Actually, one reason is that playing sports helps us create strong bonds of friendship. You know, it creates many opportunities of cooperation if we have to beat others when play in a group. Also, I don’t like exercising alone. Because it is really boring if you have to repeat some moves. For these two reasons, I am really interested in playing sports with my friends.
这样看起来,用上连接词以后,整个答案读起来都通顺了许多。
大家在备考托福口语时要积累一些常用的连接词,无论是表达因果、对等、时间顺序等等时,都知道用什么词语来衔接答案。巧用托福口语连接词肯定会让大家的口语水平得到不小的提升。
为什么你的托福口语上不了25
如果你也被这样的托福问题所困惑:
1、为什么自己的阅读和听力在老师的指导下和自己勤奋的日夜刷题的题海战术中不断取得自信,但是口语还是无情的在真实的考场中被“虐”?
2、为什么自己在每日的训练中已经能在表述答案时做到流畅自然,但分数还是不能像其它科目一样得到高分?
3、为什么已经每天跑到湖边疯狂地用英文呐喊,老师还是说自己的口语有问题?
想知道问题出在哪里吗?
如果是发音存在问题则需要了解自己哪些音节发得不准,或是在发音技巧上如连读,不完全爆破等多下功夫。机会与自己的小伙伴或是native对话,模仿地道的英文。单纯重复而不对错误进行及时的纠正,只会让自己在通向高分的道路上渐行渐远。
有时候有目的的训练才能使自己的口语不断进步。另外,要着重强调的是中国考生在托福口语中面对问题,已经有思路,但仍存在的表述障碍,或是已经很努力地去练习,但是找不到具体提升方向的三方面:一是表达思想空洞,没有具体的例子和细节支持,二是缺乏连贯性,三是词汇使用不当。
1
表达思想空洞
首先,中国学生在用英语表达的时候,论点有余,但是支持论点的例子和原因显得严重不足,因此,整篇表达听上去十分干涩,不够丰满。
例如,当一个中国学生想要表达他非常喜欢一部电影的时候,他可能会不断地罗列他的论点而无法去挖掘、发展他的观点,他会说“I love this movie, and I think it is amazing. No one loves the movie like I do; it is so good and I think it is the best film in this world.”
这样的表达即使用最漂亮的发音呈现出来也显得苍白无力。甚至有的同学将托福口语题目中常出现的一句话“Use specific details and examples to support your opinion.” 当作一句没用的话,殊不知这正是托福口语考试希望同学们做的,用充分的事实去展开。
一个建议的版本可以是这样的,如果想表达很喜欢Forrest Gump《阿甘正传》这部电影,可以说:
“I love this movie because I can learn something about America's history. For example,I know the lost generation and Watergate scandal through this movie. People living in UnitedStates start doubting the policy of government, and of course, how the Vietnam War affected American people's lives. People want to change their attitudes to the war, and look for their own freedom and democracy. So I can have the opportunity to enrich my knowledge concerning this through this masterpiece.”
这是一部非常“有文化”的电影。导演将美国重要的历史事件默默的安排在阿甘的经历中,通过时代的变迁反映出美国在各个时期的特征和美国年轻人的追求。如果考生可以用“迷失的一代”,“水门事件”,来举例,rater马上就明白我喜欢这部电影的原因了,而且通过这些美国人耳熟能详的例子也体现出考生满腹经纶,是一个非常了解美国历史和文化的优秀考生。
再举一例,比如谈到一所好的大学需要具备什么样的特点这道题时,会说“The university has a good library.”或“The university has numerous trees.”就此停止了,而没能有理有据地展开。
正确的表述比如:
“My university has a good library, and it is one of the largest and most valuable research libraries in China. It has about 6 million items in its collection, including over 2 million books and pamphlets and thousands of charts, engravings, manuscripts, map and so forth. The library's half million manuscript collection reflects different aspects of Chinese life and culture. And the library has grown so large that it could no longer be housed in one building. Two more buildings were built to accommodate the ever increasing collection in the library. Also, the library is computerized, so students can research the information or E-book freely when the professor assigns the new homework, which makes the use of the library a pleasant experience.”
要想避免表达思想内容空洞就可以按照上面大学图书馆一例来把自己的想法展开。具体要细化到什么程度还是由考生自己决定,不过强烈建议考生可以根据自己的生活经验和真实的感受(比如真的对自己学校的图书馆)进行客观的评价,而不是在考场中随性的编造例子,毕竟编造的内容是你临时想的,你也不能确定你的创造是否能hold住45秒的答题时间,反而自己真实的感受更容易表达。所以平时对于生活中的素材,或是一些新闻实事合理积累也对话题的展开大有裨益。
2
注意中西方文化差异
还有就是在举例表达时也必须注意中西文化的差异,很多考生在阐述思想时能把中国文化中普遍认同的东西表达出来,却没有能够把中国人为何普遍认同这种东西其背后的原因和条件讲述出来。
因为美国人对其背后的原因和条件一无所知,就很难明白你想表达的思想观点,甚至会认为你所表达的观点是荒.唐的。比如说,一个学生在谈到在中国用什么交通工具最好这一问题时,阐述了这一观点“Only the very wealthy people can afford to buy a car.”为了使美国人真正理解这句话,就必须按下面的方法来交代原因和条件:
The living standard in China is still not very high. The average monthly income per person even in large and affluent cities is about 200 U. S. dollars. This income is just enough to cover the family expenses, without any money left for savings. Furthermore, cars in China are far more expensive than in the United States. The cheapest car in China would be about 10,000 dollars. Very few Chinese people can save enough to purchase a car, not to mention the cost of car maintenance.
从此例可以看出在表达思想时一定要把支持这一观点的事实和条件列出来,即使是众人皆知的原因和条件亦是如此。要避免跨越的思维,造成强逻辑的错误,这是西方人在表达思想时与中国人的不同之处。
在中国,一个人下结论时,如果别人听不懂,往往这个听不懂的人会被看作无知,而下结论的人被认为是有高深学问和深刻语言能力的,这也是我国强调“博学”的体现;而美式思维更强调推理能力,即如何自圆其说。
即有时候我的观点与你所知的观点有些许不同,甚至曾被你认为是错的,但是当你听完我的叙述之后,你发现有道理并被我说服了。有意识的培养自己说理的能力,对于思路的详细扩展有非常积极的影响。
托福口语解题步骤详解
Step1:STUDENTS SHOULD UNDERSTAND THE QUESTION FIRST
第一步:考生要先了解托福口语试题问的是什么
One crucial point to be able to speak logically in the test is by making sure that one truly understands the question or the problem that needs to be answered or solved. If the answer that one gives is not even related to the question, then the answer becomes totally illogical. Even if all the grammars, dictions and even the choice of words are carefully said, the whole thing becomes nonsense. As they say, human beings were created with two ears, two eyes and one mouth because God wants us to listen more, see and observe more and speak less. In the medical field, doctor should be able to find the sickness first before being able to prescribe the right medicine. To be able to give the best solution and answers, students must be able to know and understand what the problem or question is.
要让托福口语有逻辑很重要的一点是你要真正理解问题的含义,知道应该如何解决问题,处理问题。要是你的答案跟问题毫不相干,答案就等于完全没有逻辑性。即便语法啊,发音啊,措词啊都很好,但是整个答案毫无意义。人有两只耳朵,两只眼睛,一张嘴,所以你要多听,多看,少说。医生也是要先找出病症才能对症下药。同学们一定要先理解问题是什么。然后才能给出最好的答案和解决方案。
Step 2:LEARN TO ORGANIZE YOUR THINKING AND IDEAS
第二步:学会组织的你想法
I often hear students say “oops! I put my foot into my mouth again.” Students often speak words that they would regret later on once they are able to take the time to really think of the whole thing. Students often end up making the wrong decision or saying things that they would regret later on when they allow their emotion especially if it is negative to control them. To be able to speak logically requires a lot of brain power that is why it is logic. In the book of proverbs it says “as a man thinketh, so is he.” This simply means, students are what they think. During their idle times before the test, what students can do is think of questions, scenarios and situations of TOEL speaking test, then also think of the most logical answer that they can give. It is during this time that student’s brain is functioning more and not their emotion and adrenalin. They can process and practice everything properly without pressure. When the time comes that they come face to face with these questions, then they are prepared to answer confidently and logically because they were able to organize their thinking and plan ahead of time about the answer.
同学们常常在事后,等到有时间重新回想的时候再后悔。尤其是在充满消极情绪的情况下,同学们常常做出错误的判断,说出错误的话,等到平静下来以后非常后悔。想要把话说得富有逻辑性是相当费神的事。在考前的空余时间里,同学们就应该思考问题,想想新托福口语考试的场景,想想如何有逻辑性地回答问题。此刻,同学们的大脑胜过了情绪。能够毫无压力地练习。由于事前已经把想法组织好,一旦面对考试问题,同学们就已经准备好富有自信和逻辑地回答问题了。
Step 3:REHEARSE
第三步:演练
After organizing ones thought, students should practice on how to deliver their organized thing king and ideas out loud to themselves and, if appropriate, to a few others. Do it out loud because the words always come out right in your head, but if you have to speak them you'll catch some problems before hand. Most of the time students know what they want to say but when they say it out will be quite different from what they had thought. Do it again repeatedly. Keep doing it until you are comfortable and improved. Rehearsing is also a good way to build a student’s confidence in speaking. Practice makes perfect, it can really give student an ideal score in the exam.
组织好想法以后,同学们就要演练怎样大声对自己说了。如果可以的话,也可以对其他人说。大声说出来!语言已经在脑海中形成了!不过你会发现一些问题。很多时候,同学们发现要说的跟所想的有些区别。那就一遍一遍反复说,一直说到你自己觉得舒服,有所提高为止。这对提升考生的自信有极大好处。熟能生巧,这真的会给你带来高分哦。
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