英语过去完成时的用法总结
英语时态是一个很重要的知识点，今天我们就来学习英语时态的其中一种-过去完成时吧！
英语过去完成时的用法
过去完成时表示一个动作或状态在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成或结束，即“过去的过去”;也可以指过去的动作延续到过去的某个时刻。这里的过去时间可以用某个时间状语表示，也可以通过上下文表示。
1. 表示一个动作或状态在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成或结束，也有可能早已结束或完成。例如:
When he was in Beijing, he visited places where he had played as a child. 他在北京的时候游览了他儿时曾玩过的地方。
2. 表示一个过去的动作先于另一过去的动作的用法，这种情况多见于宾语从句。例如:
He remembered that he had left the key at home. 他记得他把钥匙落家了。
3. 表示一个动作或状态在过去某时之前已经开始，一直延续到这一过去时间，而且到那时还未结束，仍有继续下去的可能性。例如:
By seven o’clock the worker had worked for ten hours. 到七点钟为止，那位工人已经工作十个小时了。
4. 表示意向的动词，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等，用过去完成时表示“原本……，未能……”。例如:
We had hoped that you would come, but you didn’t.我们本希望你能来，但是你没来。
5. 过去完成时与一般过去时的区别:
(1) 过去完成时与一般过去时都可以和确定的过去时间状语连用，但意思有明显区别。试比较:
He had finished his homework by eight. 他到八点钟的时候已经完成家庭作业了。
He finished his homework at eight. 他在八点钟完成了家庭作业。
(2) 用在宾语从句中，主句谓语为一般过去时的宾语从句中，既可用一般过去时，也可用过去完成时。但两种时态的意义明显不同。试比较:
He said he was a soldier. 他说他是位军人。
He said he had been a soldier. 他说他曾当过兵。
(3) 在含有before的主从复合句中，一般情况下，在从句中使用一般过去时，主句中使用过去完成时。例如:
Jack had finished his homework before he went out shopping. 杰克在购物前已经完成了他的家庭作业。
注:before本身就能明确地表示时间的先后关系，故多数主从句均使用一般过去时，而无需使用过去完成时。例如:
Some people left for home before the film ended. 电影尚未放完，有些人就起身回家了。
英语过去完成时的例句
1. Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party.
2. The children ran away because they had broken the window.
2. By the time he was twenty, he had written five novels.
3. How many English songs had you learnt by the end of last term?
4. As soon as the sun had set, we returned to our hotel.
5. How long had Brown lived in the south before he came here?
6. When he had eaten his lunch he asked for a glass of water.
7. I hadn’t understood the problem until the teacher explained it.
8. They had just got home when it began to rain.
9. I had been at the bus stop for 20 minutes when a bus finally came.
10. He said he had worked in that factory since 1949.
11. Mr. Smith died yesterday. He had been a good friend of mine
12. I didn’t know a thing about the verbs, for I had not studied my lesson.
13. I returned the book that I had borrowed.
14. I met Tom yesterday. We hadn't seen each other since he went to Beijing.
15. I thought I had sent the letter a week before.
16. When I woke up, it had already stopped raining.
17. We had hoped to be able to come and see you, but you were not at home.
18. It was the third time that he had been out of work that year.
19. We had learned over two thousand En
glish words by the end of last term.
20. They had planted six hundred trees by last Wednesday.
过去式和过去完成时的区别
1、过去完成时表示的是过去的过去所发生的事情，可能一直持续到过去/现在或者其影响持续到现在。按此理解，这里的意思是“在她打的之前(这里是过去)”就一直在下雨，而且一直持续到她打的之后。
2、用一般过去时，强调的是一个事件/动作，而不是强调某一事件/动作的持续性。按此理解，“在她打的之前开始下雨”，仅仅只是表达了这么一个事实而已;或者你可以理解为“她刚要打的就开始下雨了“这么一个瞬间发生的事情，所以不能用完成时态。 综上所述，以上填had begun和began肯定都是对的咯!
习题
1. 单项选择
1.He asked me __A___ during the summer holidays.
A. where I had been B. where I had gone C. where had I been D. where had I gone
2. What _D___ Jane ____ by the time he was sever?
A. did, do B. has, done C did, did. D. had, done
3. I ___C___ 900 English words by the time I was ten。
A. learned B. was learning C. had learned D. learnt
4. She ___A___lived here for ______ years.
A. had, a few B. has, several C. had, a lot of D. has, a great deal of
5. By the time my parents reached home yesterday, I __A___ the dinner already.
A had cooked B. cooked C. have cooked D. was cooked
6. She said she __D________ the principle already
A .has seen B. saw C. will see D. had seen
7. She said her family __B_____ themselves ______ the army during the war.
A. has hidden, from B. had hidden, from C. has hidden, with D. had hidden, with
8. By the time he was ten years old, he ___D______.
A. has completed university B. has completed the university
B. had completed an university D. had completed university
9. She had written a number of books ___C___ the end of last year.
A. for B. in C. by D. at
10. He __B___ to play ____ before he was 11 years old.
A had learned, piano B. had learned, the piano
C. has learned, the piano D. learns ,piano.
11. What __D_____ Annie ____ by the time he was ten?
A. did, do B. did, did C. has, done D. had done
12 .He _C__ in the factory for three years before he joined the Army.
A. has worked B. works C. had worked D. will work
13. By the end of last week, they _D___ the bridge.
A. has completed B. completed C. will complete D. had completed
14. Ben hates playing _D____ violin, but he likes playing ____ football.
A. a…the B. the… the C. / …the D. the…/
15. By the time he was 4, he _A_____ a lot of German words.
A. had learned B. has learned C. learned D. learns
16 .Jim turned off the lights and then __D___ the classroom.
A. was left B. had left C. has left D. left
17.They ____C_____ in Guangzhou since 2000.
A. lived B. had lived C. have lived D. were living
18. The train from Beijing__C_____ ten minutes ago.
A. has arrived B. was arriving C. arrived D. had arrived
19. The students ___B______ their classroom when the visitors arrived.
A . have cleaned B. had cleaned C. was cleaned D. have been cleaned
20. Fergie__B_____ the project in one hour.
A. have finished B. will finish C. finishes D. has finished
21. The man ___A_____ his coat and went out.
A. put on B. had put on C. will put on D. was putting on
22 My mother_____ in that factory at the age of 18.
A. had worked B. has worked C. worked D. works
23. Dad _C_______ while he _______ TV.
A .fell asleep…watch B. was falling asleep…watched
C. fell asleep……was watching D. had fallen asleep…watched
2.用动词的适当形式填空
1. We ___had painted____ (paint) the house before we moved________ (move) in.
2. That rich old man __had made___ (make) a will before he died(die).
3. They __had studyed_ (study) the map of the country before they _left___ (leave).
4. The robbers _had run away____ (run away ) before the policemen arrived (arrive).
5. I __turned off_____ (turn off) all the lights before I __went___ (go) to bed.
6. Paul went (go) out with Jane after he _made _____ (make) a phone call.
7. Tom ___said__ (say) he had read_______ (read) the book twice.
8. Our plan ____failed_ (fail ) because we _had made______ (make) a bad mistake.
9. When the chairman ___finished_____ (finish) speaking, he ____left____ (leave)the hall.
10.The Reads were having (have) lunch when I ___got_____(get) to their house.
11.When I __arrived________(arrive) at the station, he ___had left_____(leave).
12..We _____had learned___(learn) about 4000 English words by the end of last term.
13. I waited until he __finished_____(finish) his homework.
14. We were surprised at what she _had____already __done____(do)
15.She _didn't go___(not go) to Qingdao because she ___had went____ (go) there before.
16. He __hasn't told (not tell) you the news yet.
17. He said he __had______already___given___(give) the book to the teacher.
18. I ____have been_____(be) to Shanghai before.
19. She told me she ___had been_______(be) to Sanya three times.
20.She __was playing________(play) the guitar while her sister__was singing______(sing).
3.句型转换
1.I had sold the ticket when she came.(改否定句)
I did not have sold the ticket when she came.
2.She had sung a song to us before she danced.(改否定句)
She didn't have sung a song to us before she danced.
3.They began to climbed the mountain after they had bought all the food and drink.(否定)
They did not begin to climbed the mountain after they had bought all the food and drink.
4.By 10:00 a.m, I had been very hungry. (改一般疑问)
Had you been very hungry by 10:00 am?
5.Lucy had already completed the project when I arrived.(改一般疑问)
Had lucy already completed the project when I arrived.
6.By the time he got to the airport, the plane had taken off. (改一般疑问)
Had th eplane taken off by the time he got to the airport?
7..He had broken his arm when I saw him.(对划线部分提问)
How was he when you saw him?
8.When he had read the note, he ate it. (对划线部分提问)
What did he do when he had the note?
9..Jack didn’t go to the cinema because he had seen the film. (对划线部分提问)
Why did Jack not go to the cinema?
10.We had had the toys for ten years before we gave them to the child. (对划线部分提问)
How long did you have had the toys before you gave them to the child?
11.She had written the book by the end of 1960. (对划线部分提问)
What had she written by the end of 1960?
12.We cooked the dumplings. We ate them up. (用过去完成时连接两句)
We ate the dumplings after we had cooked them.
13.Jim’s father mended the car. It was broken. (用过去完成时连接两句)
The car had broken before Jim's father manded it.
14.We had our tests. Then we had a long holiday.( 用过去完成时连接两句)
After we ___had had hour teats________, we ___had a long holiday___________
15.He showed us a picture. Then he showed us around the house. 用过去完成时连接两句)
Before he ___had showed us around the house_______, he_______showed us a picture________
9.英语八大时态总结