雅思写作优缺点题型指南
在雅思写作的大作文中，有一类常见的题目就是分析与讨论“Do you think their advantages outweigh their disadvantages ?”，这就是我们俗称的“advantage VS disadvantage”问题。不少烤鸭都曾向小兔抱怨，面对这类题目，不知道该如何分析，如何选择立场，如何展开，今天，就为大家分享一篇全面的写作指南，相信这篇文章可以解决大家关于“advantage VS disadvantage”的所有疑惑!
雅思写作优缺点题型指南
首先，假设这是一个口语问题，大家回想一下：提问的句子，首先需要回答的是什么?
应该是Yes, I do/Yes, it does. No, I don’t/ No, it doesn’t.
这就反映出了：你需要给出你的观点。放到写作里，你就需要表明你的态度，是advantages多呢还是disadvantages多呢?二者取其一。所以，这样提问方式的雅思作文，应该要有明确的态度，不要中立。
在首段的写作里，和其它所有类型的文章一样，都是先写背景，然后引出话题。需要注意的就是首段最后一句话，需要你明确的表明观点。
下面我们结合例子来讨论，：
【示例】
Multicultural societies are mixtures of ethnic groups. Do you think their advantages outweigh their disadvantages?
【首段范例】
The multicultural groups have become much more common than before due to the increased communications among various ethical groups. Both pros and cons are involved in relation to this tendency.Personally, I believe that there are more advantages than disadvantages.
首段是比较简单的，依循洋八股的套路，背景——引出——表明观点即可。
下面就进入到主题论述段。首先，论述段的结构，一定是先写topicsentence (present a main idea);然后(extend)解释topicsentence;最后是(support)，support部分使用举例证明、因果证明或者假设条件句证明，或者其它合适的证明方法都可。
在论述段需要注意的是，虽然你有一个明确的观点，也就是要么支持advantages，要么支持disadvantages.但是这并不意味着你写主体论述段的时候是一边倒的结构。相反，千万不要一边倒。因为，如果你是支持advantages，那么试问，你怎么来论证advantages大于disadvantages呢?自然而然我们就会想到对比。因为advantages多，disadvantages少;或者advantages程度大，disadvantages程度小。所以advantagesoverweigh disadvantages才能成立。
换句话说，你既需要提到advantages,又要说到disadvantages.那么在整体结构上，就是双边论证。这一点和discussboth views一样，两边都要去论述。但是不同的地方在于，discussboth views需要你论述强度相当，而advantages overweigh disadvantages需要你有一个侧重点，从而反映advantages大于disadvantages.
从段落分配上，你可以一共写两个论述段，也可以写三个论述段。这一点考官不在乎你怎么安排。我个人建议写三段。结构如下：
第二段：好处1;具体解释好处1;举例证明好处1。
第三段：好处2;具体解释好处2;举例或者假设条件句来证明好处2。
第四段：坏处1;具体解释坏处1;举例证明坏处1。
现在常说这样的结构就是：主体段+让步段。那么到底先写主体段还是先写让步段呢?这一点我没有和考官探讨过。我自己一贯的写法是先写核心观点的段落，后写让步段。理由是，我的第一段最后一句话是表明观点的句子。接下来我用两段话来论证我的核心观点，是顺理成章且很自然的衔接和逻辑。
如果第一段最后一句给出观点，下面紧跟的第二段写让步段，实际上就是写和自己观点完全相反的内容。我觉得这样写，有一点思维跳跃，段落与段落之间的cohesion and coherence会被扣分。再次说明，这只是我自己的观点，我一直这么写，考官没有过质疑，因此我也就没有专门和考官讨论是不是就是应该这样，把让步段放到后面去。
写完主体论述部分后，就是最后一段的总结了。和discuss both views不同之处在于，discuss both views需要你新论述一个你的看法，而advantages overweigh its disadvantages就不需要了。只需要你直接总结你主体论述部分已经给出的观点就可以了。相对来说其实简单一些。
【结论段举例】(题目同开头段举例一样)
In conclusion, I agree that both positive and negative aspects should be considered when talking about multicultural societies. However, I believe that the tendency should been couraged, since the advantages overwhelm the disadvantages.
【再以我的一篇练习文章的结论段举例】
By and large, private companies do more than help to provide patients efficient and targeted therapy. They also offer detailed services to clients. Although the service cost in such places is relatively higher than it is in normal public hospitals, the effect and efficiency of their treatment cannot be disregarded. They are a kind of reliable supplement to public hospitals, providing alternatives to customers’demands.
顺便说一下，从考官的评语来看，考官对写作题目所持观点和我是不一样的，但是这并不影响他给我的作文评分。他的评分还是严格按照雅思评分标准来的。所以我想说，写作，不要在乎你的观点，只要你能自圆其说，按照标准格式去论证，那你就可能获得你想要的分数。
雅思大作文写作资料：表示优点和缺点
表优点的几个方面：
Equip sb. with sth.
Cost-efective
Give sb. a sense of independence.
Benefit the society as a whole.
Broaden their horizons. Have a broder view of life
The price is worth paying.
Not necessarily all bad
Work for the public good
表缺点的几个方面：
Time-consuming
Make no economic sense
Economically worthless
Out of date
A waste of time
雅思作文优缺点范文赏析
The advantages and disadvantages of globalization
Globalization is such a commonly used term in the twentiethcentury. It simply means that the world has become integrated economically, socially, politically and culturally through the advances of technology, transportation and communication. It is undeniable that globalization has resulted in both positive and negative effects which must be addressed accordingly.
To begin with, globalization has contributed to the world’s economies in many beneficial ways. The advances in science and technology have allowed businesses to easily cross over territorial boundary lines. Consequently, companies tend to become more productive and competitive thereby raising the quality of goods, services and the world’s living standard.
Secondly, several companies from the more developed countries have already ventured to establish foreign operations or branches to take advantage of the low cost of labor in the poorer countries. This kind of business activity will provide more influx of cash or investment funds into the less developed countries.
However, one cannot deny the negative effects which havederived from globalization. One crucial social aspect is the risk and danger of epidemic diseases which can easily be spread as the transportation becomes easier and faster in today’s advanced society. This is evidenced in the recent birds flu disease which has infected most Asian countries over a short period of time.
As large corporations invest or take over many offshore businesses, a modern form of colonization will also evolve which may pose certain power pressure on the local governments of the less developed countries. Unemployment rates in the more developed regions such as Europe may also escalate as corporations choose to outsource to the cheaper work force from Asian countries.
In conclusion. I like to reiterate that globalization is inevitable and we must urge individuals, companies and governments to use a more balanced approach by taking the appropriate steps to deal with matters relating to the financial or economical gains verses the social, political or ecological concerns of the world.
怎样使你的雅思写作句型富有变化
句式就是句子的结构方式，也就是句子的式样或格式。不同的思想内容要用不同的句式来表达;而同一思想内容也可以用不同的句式来表达。句式不同，表达效果也就不同。只有句式多样化，文章才会生动有趣，充满活力。可是，在实际写作中，初学写作的学生往往一篇文章都是千篇一律的简单句，文章单调乏味，毫无生气。笔者认为，恰当地使用某些方法或手段有助于实际表达形式的多样化，增强表达效果。兹将常用方法简单介绍如下。
一、改变句子开头
许多学生在写作中倾向于用与人有关系的词性，用名词和代词作为句子的开头，如 People，We，I，He，They，She等。但这种开头见多了，难免让人厌倦。试比较：
A.People throughout the country have greatly demanded all kinds of nutritious food.
B.There is a great demand across the country for all kinds of nutritious food.
第一句改用非人称名词作为主语开头，第二句则用there +be句型开头。这样既改变了主语+谓语+宾语单调句型，又把想强调的意思突出出来。实际上，为了把文章写得生动活泼，除了用主语开头外，还可以用句子的其他成分开头。
1.用副词开头
Too often，students stray into the habit of cheating on tests.
2.用同位语开头
Air，water and oxygen，everything that is necessary for life.
3.用状语开头
Dark and empty，the house looked very different from the way I remembered it.
4.用表语开头
Equally essential to the highest success in learning a language are intense interest plus persistent effort.
5.用宾语开头
My advice you would not listen to;my helps you laughed at.Now you will have what you asked for.
6.以短语修饰语开头
1)以介词短语开头
To me the news was very interesting，but to my wife very boring.
2)以分词短语开头
Disturbed by the discord of American life in recent decades，Menchester took flight for the pacific islands.
3)以不定式短语开头
To pass the exam，you should work very hard.
二、巧用连接词
有的学生在作文中使用过多简单句，成了简单句堆砌;有的写复杂句时，动辄用so， and，then，but，or，however，yet等非但达不到丰富表达方式的目的，反而使句子结构松散、呆板。为了避免这种现象，可以通过使用连接词，尤其是一些表示从属关系的连接词，如 who，which，that，because，since，although，after，as，before，when，whenever，if，unless，as if等，不仅能够丰富句型，而且还能够把思想表达得更清楚，意义更连贯。例如：
Natural resources are very limited.They will be exhausted in the near future.It is not true.But it becomes a major concern around the world.This is a widely accepted fact.
这段文字用简单句表达，它们之间内在的逻辑关系含糊不清，意思支离破碎。如果使用连接词，将单句与其前后合并，形成主次关系，就把一个比较复杂的内容和关系表达得层次清楚、结构严谨。例如：
It is a widely accepted fact that there is a major concern around the world for the exhaustion of limited natural resources in the near future，though it is unlikely to be true.
再如：
The Mississippi River is one of the longest rivers in the world，and in spring time it often overflows its banks，and the lives of many people are endangered.
此句用and把三个分句一贯到底，既乏味又可笑。如果使用了关系代词which，语义就会更连贯，语言也会更流畅：
The Mississippi River，which is one of the longest rivers in the world，often overflows its banks in the spring time，endangering the lives of many people.
三、长短句交插
长句和短句是就句子的字数多少、形体长短而言的。长句和短句各有其优点和缺点。长句，因为使用的定语、状语较多，限制了概念的外延，增大了概念的内涵，所以比较精确、严密，但使用起来不够活泼简便。短句，由于字数少，直截了当，一般比较简洁、明快、有力，但不利于表达复杂的语义内容。在具体语言活动中，最好长短句交替使用。这既体现了节奏上的要求，也是意义上的需要。例如：
(1)We can imagine the beautiful surroundings.(2)There are many trees along the streets.(3)There is a clean river in the city.(4) There are many fishes in the river.(5)There are willow trees on the one side.(6)There are some pieces of grassland on the other side.(7)There are many flowers on them.
文中七个句子都是简单句，句型结构单一，而且句子长短同一，都在七、八词左右，十分单调。下面是修改后的段落：
(1)Just imagine the beautiful surroundings if we make our cities greener.(2)Green trees line the streets.(3)A clean river winds through the city，in which a lot of fishes abound.(4)On the one side stand rows of willow trees.(5)On the other side lies a stretch of grassland sprinkled with many yellow and red flowers.
改写后的这段文字，有长句(1)、(3)、(5)，也有短句(2)和(4)，一长一短，抑扬顿挫的节奏感就出来了。不仅句子长短交插，而且句型结构变化也很大，使文章流畅自然，生动活泼。
四、利用倒装结构
英语的基本句型是S+V+O，如果偶尔打破常规，改变某一成分的位置，不仅可以丰富句型，而且能强调、突出被倒装的部分，收到意想不到的表达效果。例如：
1)In no other place in the world can one find such enthusiasm for applying for hosting the 2008 Olympic Games.
2)Faith in the Chinese economic reforms the majority of people will never lose.
总之，英语的句式是多种多样的，只要从要表达的内容出发合理选用，文章的句式就会富于变化。同时，在学习写作的过程中，学生应不断练习构造各种各样句式，以提高语言表达能力。
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