托福写作范文：运动员得高薪利弊还是事实

　　备考托福写作一个重要的方法就是模仿，考生们可以多从别人身上找差距，背诵一两篇优秀的托福写作范文，不断地提高自己的托福写作水平。　下面小编给大家带来的是托福写作范文：运动员得高薪利弊还是事实。

　　托福写作范文：运动员得高薪利弊还是事实

　　托福写作题目：

　　Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Professional athletes, such football and basketball players, do not deserve the high salaries that they are paid.

　　托福写作范文：

　　It's well known that the professional athletes are well paid nowadays.

　　In fact, they are paid much higher salaries than other most people. Some people argue that compared with what they pay, they are rewarded too much. However, as far as I'm concerned, their salaries are reasonable. If not, why can they be paid so much?

　　First of all, the professional sport has been completely commercialized. They are worth to be paid higher salaries by the company or clubs. These sports have attracted a lot of fans who pay the television station to watch the sports and buy products that are represented by their favorite player. The television station would divide the income with clubs. And also, the company would pay the player to help them advertising their products. So the money comes from fans to the company or club, eventually, to the player. Everybody in the chain is willing to pay the money. What's more, the players pleased the fan by their wonderful performances. So in my opinion, they are worth to pay higher salaries.

　　Furthermore, they experience much more difficulties that are beyond our imagination. They also work much harder than ordinary people. For example, the football player in China who playing for the Chinese Super league always spend their spring festival with their clubs and couldn't enjoy the traditional festival with their families. They spend all the year around to prepare for the next competition. Moreover, they would experience much more pressure than others. Taking Liu Xiang who is a world famous athlete for instance, He broke his leg before the Olympic game that he was expected to win the champion. The audience judges him as a loser that he lied to the audience because of his fear. In other words, he couldn't be understood by people because he was thought as a professional player who receive a higher salary and his duty is to get champions.

　　Finally, some people thought that some players don't deserve higher salaries, such as some football players who fight and take drug outside the court. They are totally bad guys and have terrible influences on the society. However, these cases are far and rare, most of players behave civilly. They always have positive effect on our society. They donate most of their money to the poor. For instance, David Beckham, during his career in the Pairs, donated all his salary to African children. So return to my original point that the professional players are deserve such high salaries.

　　In conclusion, the salary depends on what you pay and what the boss want to pay for you. If the clubs and the fan want to pay a higher salary for the player, the players deserve it no matter how high they are paid. In addition, they even pay much more efforts and spend much more time than common people, their salaries are quite reasonable. I definitely agree with that statement that the players deserve what they are paid.

　　详解：托福写作利弊问题的论证思路　　

Do the advantages outweigh the disadvantages?

　　Do you think its benefits exceed its drawbacks?

　　Does the usefulness outweigh the limitations?

　　Is it positive or negative?

　　主要讨论

　　effect， influence， development， situation，phenomenon，decision，……

　　如：Do you think it is a positive or negative development? 等等

　　如果遇到这样的题目或相关的关键词，那么该题就一定是利弊题目。

　　关于托福写作利弊题目有以下几个需要注意的方面：

　　一。确定观点

　　托福题目的写作都需要有观点，但仅凭第一直觉是没办法完成整篇文章的。brainstorming 和outlining的重要性在这里就不多说明了，在课堂上我们已经重复过多次原因和如果brainstorming以及outlining。

　　对于利弊题目需要注意的是：无论题目中是否指明"outweigh"或"exceed"，都需要讨论这个事物的利弊两方面。因为世界上没有完全绝对的事情，议论文必然有对立双方，所以不可能只讨论其中一边，比如只有利或只有弊。这样看起来貌似很强势，但是其实是缺少辩证能力的表现。

　　二。利弊大战

　　A。数量之战

　　最直观地判定利与弊大小就是在篇幅和内容上。按照一般托福四段式的结构为例，主体段每段写两到三"点"是比较合理的。"点"太多容易论证不充分，"点"太少容易语言啰嗦或字数不够。那么利与弊的较量首先就是"点"的数量。比如说，观点为"利大于弊"，那么利写三条，弊写两条;要么利写两条，弊写一条(前提是有足够论证内容)。

　　比如：

　　More and more people choose to work at home and students study from home as the development of computer technology makes it more convenient and cheaper. Do you think it is a positive or negative development?

　　(Around the world it is likely that more adult work from home, more children study from home, as computer technology cheaper and more accessible, is it a positive or negative development? )

　　关于在家用电脑进行工作和学习的优缺点相比离大家生活并不遥远。通过brainstorming，我们能够列出以下一些优缺点：

　　家里环境舒适 不与人沟通很闷

　　时间灵活，可以兼顾家庭事务 自控性不强，效率不高

　　节省上下班/学的时间和费用 电脑辐射对身体不好

　　公司节省办公室租金 缺乏户外运动

　　减缓交通压力 企业掌控力有限

　　那么从里面挑出一些更加直接相关并且自己英语能力能够达到的"点"，按照自己的观点选择适当数量的优缺点，在每一个点里进行进一步扩展论述。如果认为利大于弊好写一些，那么就在"+"里面选3条扩展，在"-"里面选2条扩展。

　　B。语气之战

　　但是仅仅这样还是不够的，考生通常都会想，"我写点利，写点弊，利写多点不就完了。"这种观点是错的。比方说，我买某一束花的优缺点，优点3条：色彩艳丽，香味扑鼻，物美价廉，但是有一条缺点：我对花过敏。那么优点写再长，一条缺点就决定了我不应该买这束花。所以在对于优缺点描述的语气上也要注意态度：色彩特别艳丽，香味沁人心脾，绝对物超所值。这样就把优点实实在在地钉在读者心里。关于缺点呢，就改成，我有可能对花过敏。这样这个缺点就不是那么致命了。

　　也就是说在语气上，观点侧重的部分要十分肯定(must, definitely, undoubtedly, absolutely, affirmatively, surely, extremely, ……)，而小于的部分要减小可能性(may, could, might, probably, possibly, to some extent, ……)。这样，强势的那部分有进一步占了上风。

　　C。彻底击败

　　论文，就是要证明自己的观点是对的，也就是说，要最大限度地不让反对者有机可乘。如果观点为利大于弊，那么认为弊很重要的就是反对者。所以如果就把弊摆在那里不管是不行的，必须想办法彻底击败缺点，这样优点才能以绝对优势大于缺点。以"利大于弊"的观点为例，进一步击败的方法有三：

　　1.不重要：出现的缺点根本不算什么。比如上文说到买花过敏，如果过敏无非就是打两个喷嚏，不要紧，那么最终还是买花的优点占了上风。

　　2.可解决：出现的缺点很容易就可以解决。买花过敏了，我把它放在玻璃柜里就没事了，仍然可以欣赏到它的美，这样就可以买花了。在家用电脑工作缺乏与人沟通，但现在电脑科技发达，可以视频、通话、网络会议等等，一点不缺乏沟通的真实性。这样还是在家工作的好处多。

　　3.可转化：出现的缺点其实从另一个角度来看其实是优点。比如果学生在家学习自控力差，学习效率不高。其实这恰恰是一种锻炼学生自学能力甚至是独立自主能力的好方法，如果能有好的引导和监督，那么还是这些学生比在老师实时监督下的学生更懂得如何学习。这样，优点就更占优势了。

　　以上这三个方法同样适用于弊大于利的观点，也就是要把"利"削弱掉。比如说，家里环境舒适，但是好的办公室或者学校的环境对于工作和学习来说更合适(不重要);家里通常没有工作和学习所需要的丰富资料(可解决);家里舒适反而让人好逸恶劳(可转化)。针对不同需要削弱的点，应该选择不同的策略，而且针对一个点的削弱，不需要三种方法全部用上，做到削弱即可。

　　托福写作中可以用到的数量词

　　一些a range of a variety of a series of an array of

　　无数innumerable countless

　　许多plenty of many much a great deal of a lot of ample

　　非常多(大)的tremendous

　　依序列举list in sequence

　　时间词

　　过时的outdated antiquated outmoded obsolete anachronistic

　　短暂的ephemeral transitory transient short-lived

　　不合时宜的anachronism

　　可持久的durable able to stand wear last a long time

　　一再time after time again and again

　　初始的preliminary

　　前述的aforementioned aforesaid former

　　自古到今from ancient times to the present day down through the ages

　　年轻人young people youngster youth young adult

　　老式的old-fashioned out of date dated

　　偶尔from time to time now and then once in a while at times.....

　　浅谈托福写作中副词的用法

　　1、用插入语开头，表示说话人的态度，或使句子的意思更加准确：

　　Strangely enough，Jennifer does not enjoy sunshine and beach.

　　Generally speaking，winter in Vancouver is gloomy.

　　2、用副词开头，常见的情形有：

　　(1) 副词表示某一地域或某一领域

　　Geographically， Canada is the biggest country in the world.

　　Financially， she is independent， but emotionally she is dependent.

　　(2) 强调副词

　　Hurriedly， the man drew me a scratch map to show me the direction.

　　Dangerously， the drunkard sped down the street.

　　Slowly and gently， snowflakes were drifting down from the sky.

　　(3)副词修饰全句

　　Luckily， he didn't know my phone number; otherwise， he would bother me.

　　Incredibly， Helena got straight A in her school report this semester.

　　Interestingly， cats and dogs can hardly get along well in a house.

　　修饰全句常用的副词有：

　　obviously，undoubtedly，apparently，fortunately，clearly，unfortunately，incredibly，luckily， without doubt， surprisingly，frighteningly

　　这些副词大多数表示说话人对全句的看法，在意思上相等与“It is …形容词 that …”。

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