托福听力讲座常见的四种开头方式
讲座是托福听力考试的一部分，想答好这部分题目，考生提前对托福听力讲座做一些了解是很有必要的。下面小编为大家带来托福听力讲座常见的四种开头方式一文，希望对大家托福备考有所帮助。更多精彩敬请关注学习啦 !
托福听力讲座常见的四种开头方式
1、寒暄离题式
TPO2-Lecture2
Hi,everyone. Good to see you all today. Actually, I expected the population to be a lot lower today. It typically runs between 50 and 60 percent on the day the research paper is due. Um, I was hoping to have your exams back today, but, uh, the situation was that I went away for the weekend, and I was supposed to get in yesterday at five, and I expected to fully complete all the exams by midnight or so, which is the time that I usually go to bed, but my flight was delayed, and I ended up not getting in until one o'clock in the morning. Anyway, I," do my best to hove them finished by the next time we meet.
寒暄离题式的开头方式比较符合中国的传统文化，先是客套一番，然后才进入课程的主要内容。
2、背景引入式
OG-test 2-L4
We've been looking at colossal statues—works of exceptionally huge size—and their essentially public role, in commemorating a political or religious figure. How some of these statues date back thousands of years... like the statues of the Pharaohs of ancient Egypt—which you can still visit today... and how others, though surviving only in legend, have fired the imagination of writers and artists right up to our own time, such as the Colossus of Rhodes, that 110-foot statue of the Greek god Helios. Remember, this same word, "colossus”一 which means a giant or larger-than-life-size statue—is what today’s term "colossal” derives from. Now, it was one thing to build such statues, at an equally colossal cost, when the funds were being allocated by ancient kings and pharaohs. But if we're going to think about modern-day colossal statues, we need to reexamine more closely their role as social and political symbols—in order to understand why a society today—a society of free, tax-paying citizens—would agree to allocate so much of its resources to erecting them.
背景引入式的开头方式，是听力讲座，尤其是学术类讲座的一个重要特点。为了引出讲座的主题，教授会在一开始的时候，先将一下相关的背景，循序渐进地带入。
背景引入式常见关键点：
时态：一般现在时或者过去式
3、课堂回顾
TPO1-L3
OK,we've been talking about early agriculture in the near east. So let's concentrate on one site and see what we can learn from it.
OK.In the last class, we started talking about useful plant fibers...Today well continue talking about useful fibers, and we'll begin with a fiber that's commonly known as "Manila hemp."
大家可以注意到加粗部分的内容，是针对课程或者课堂内容的回顾。课堂回顾是我们听重点的一个提示而已，我们要关注的是后边的内容，也就是“本堂课”要注意的内容。
课堂回顾式常见关键点：
时态：一般过上时或者是现在完成时、现在完成进行时
关键词：in the last class, today, now, talk about, but.
4、直入主题式
TPO18-L1
OK,today we are going to start a study of sunspot today
Ok,now I want to talk about an animal that has a fascinating set of defense mechanisms.
直入主题的开头方式，需要考生集中精力听讲座的内容，不要错过听力的有效信息。
直入主题式常见关键点：
时态：一般现在时或者将来时
直入主题式常见关键词：now, want to talk about,
托福听力：生活背景类词汇
1、找房
-抱怨：dormitory①太小太脏②太吵③管的太严;apartment①东西老坏②室友难处neat, considerate.
-找房难，不愿搬，抱怨多，怕涨价，减装修
-房东landlord，租户tenant
2、噪音
-室内：调音turn down，隔音sound proof，没意识到
-室外：airport, highway, traffic
3、空气污染
-室内：开窗，空气窒息stuffy,卡住了window is stuck
-室外：没办法，抱怨多
4、装修
-少花钱afford，新床new couch
-旧家具往哪放where do you want it to go?
5、修理
-什么坏了，找谁:管道工plumber, 水龙头/管子漏leaky faucet/pipe, 下水道堵塞clogged drain, 灯泡bulb, 电线wiring, 电灯light , 电工electrician
-修理贵，修不如买：以旧换新trade it in
修理工的总称：maintenance people, technician, repair person
6、高速路highway
-长塞车be tied up/ backed up in traffic, traffic jam, rush hour.
-拐错弯：should have turned, miss the turn
-从哪儿出get out , exit
-违章：超速speeding, 闯红灯go through the red light, 违章停车illegal parking, 停车场lot，罚单ticket, 交通队traffic court
7、迷路，问路
中南central south，左上角upper left hand，右下角lower right hand，沿着走 down, walk along. Off to
你去哪儿：where are you heading for
leaving for
8、外伤
-易受伤
-伤哪里:twist, strain, hurt, injure, shoulder, wrist, ankle, knee
-能不能动
-原因：搬东西或锻炼
9、看病
-症状:feel under the weather身体不适,catch a cold, have ringing in the ears , running nose, sneeze喷嚏。感染…病come down with, get a touch of, catch
-禁忌
-药管不管用:药起了作用it works/helps. It does good. It does the trick. It make difference.
药片pill，剂量dosage，入院be admitted to hospital, 出院check out of/release from
医务室infirmary,clinic. 药房pharmacy,棉团floss, 打针shots，抓药fill
10、打工
-时间，工资，经验
-职责，感受
11、借钱，还钱
-不愿借
-不想还
-(语气)why
12、帮忙
-帮或不帮
-为何不帮
lack of
13、捎东西 low on sth
-缺什么be short of
-要或不要，原因 run out of
14、搭车
-搭不上，听原因:接sb. pick sb up, 下车到哪儿drop sb off at sw
15、等人
-等不着
-不想等
-why
托福听力指路类话题常用语
be far from 距离某处很远
be nearby 距离某处很近
go straight across/to/through 径直走过/向/过
cross (over) 穿过(某条街道)
be next to 紧邻
turn left/right 左转/右转
go up/down 向上(北)/向下(南)
go back/back/back up 向回走
go east/west/south/north 向东/南/西/北
go on/along…till you meet…沿…一直走，直到…
be on sb’s left/right 在某人的左边/右边
be the first/second/third from the left/right 从左/右数第一/二/三个
directly opposite 和…相对
be located behind/in front of 坐落在…的前面/后面
be on the corner of A street and B street 在A和B街交汇的拐角处
be in the corner of 在…的角落里
ground floor (英)首层
wing 配楼/建筑的一部分
annex 配楼/建筑的附属建筑
basement 地下室/第一层
step 台阶
wheel chair access 无台阶的/残疾人用
aisle 过道
intersection/crossroad 十字路口
a fork on the road 分叉路口
a T road 丁字路口
intersection/crossroads/junction/clover-leaf 立交桥
托福听力经典场景词汇
表示开夜车的词组
stay up late/be up late/day in and day out/around the clock/burn the midnigh
t oil
表示忙的词组
be up to one’s neck in work
get my hands full
表示替代的词组
fill in for sb/fill sb’s shoes
表示提前的词组
in advance/be ahead of time/before hand
表示冷静的词组
cool off/calm down/settle/soothe/pacify
表示内向的词组
keep one’s opinions/ideas to oneself
self-conscious,shy,keep to oneself,unsociable,uncommunicative,withdrawn
表示看法的词组
think much(little/high) of
have no use for/have no taste for
It makes me uncomfortable to
表示同意的词组
You can say that again.
You may well say so
You said it.
Well said.
I will say
So be it.
I see eye to eye with you.
And how.(降调)
Right on.
By all means.
Go ahead.
I don’t wonder.
No/little wonder.
So does it.
As far as I know.(单独使用)
No problem.
You are telling me.
Is ice cold?
Does a fish swim?
Does a bird fly?
I’m behind you.
I’m with you.
I’m for it.
表示不同意的词组
You don’t say so.
So you say.
Says who.
Who says so?
That’s not saying very much.
And I do?
Are you kidding?
表示无法理解的词组
beyond reach/imagination
above me
over my head
表示快的词组
in (next to) no time,before long,on short notice,by and by,in a little while
,in a second/minute/little bit,any time,soon,quickly,immediately,shortly
表示耀眼的词组
noticeable/eye-catching/catch one’s eyes/attract one’s attention/arresting/e
minent/easy to notice/marked
表示拜访的词组
drop by/in/over/around,stop by/in/over,run in,come over to,come by,call on,s tep in,go to have a look,pay a visit
表示完成的词组
wrap up
be through with
be done with
get sth out of the way
put an end to sth
be finished
表示降价的词组
half price/50% off/half off
discount/on sale/a big sale/good bargain
表示累的词组
out of steam/worn out/run down/tired out/dog-tired
I’m beat.
I’m pooped.
表示我请客的词组
Let me treat me.
It’s my treat.
It’s on me.
I’ll foot/pay the bill.
I want to pick up the pad.
表示钱平分的词组
go Dutch
split the expense
咖啡场景
instant coffee,gourmet coffee
aroma,flavor
coffee pot,coffee spoon,coffee set,coffee service
snack
coffee-break
like to drink-how(milk,sugar,cream,blank,coffee,micro oven)
戒咖啡:caffeme:I am off caffeme.
沙滩场景
beach: swimming,suntan,lie there doing nothing,play sand volleyball
男生寝室脏情景
dirty,in a mass,messy,chaos,chaotic,mess up,make a mess of,vacuum cleaner
天气场景
usually cool summer,cold,wool sweater,coat,down jacket
keep up,continue
hot,scorcher
downpour,snow,no end in sight,clear up
That makes it four days in a row.
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