小学英语语法总复习
小学英语语法总复习
小学英语语法是每个小学生学习英语时必须要掌握的一个英语知识要点，那么小学生需要复习哪些小学英语语法呢?下面由学习啦小编为大家整理的小学英语语法总复习的资料，希望大家喜欢!
小学英语语法总复习
一、时态
1.一般现在时
(1)表示经常发生的动作或事情，通常用 “usually通常, often常常, every…每…, sometimes有时，always总是,”等词。
(2)基本结构：
I / You / We / They He / She / It
肯定句 动词原形 动词第三人称单数形式
否定句 don’t + 动原 doesn’t + 动原
一般疑问句(Yes/No) Do… ? Yes, I do. Does…(动词原形)…?No,she doesn’t.
特殊疑问句 What do …? How does she…(动词原形)…?
(3) 动词第三人称单数形式(同名词单数变成复数方法相同)
1 一般情况 +s 如：walk-walks
2. 辅音字母+y结尾 去y +ies fly-flies
3. 结尾是 s, x， sh, ch +es watch-watches
4. 特殊的 do-does ,have-has, go-goes
2.现在进行时,
(1)表示正在发生的动作，通常用“now现在, look看，linsen听”.
(2)基本形式： be + 动词ing
eg: I am(not) doing my homework.
You/We/They are(not) reading.
He/She/It is(not) eating.
What are you doing?
Is he reading?
(3)动词的现在分词形式(动词+ing)
一般情况 +ing walk—walking
结尾是不发音的 e -e + ing come—coming
重读闭音节 双写最后一个字母+ing run-running
swim-swimming
3. 一般过去时
(1) 表示过去已经发生的事情,通常用 “last …上一个…, just now刚才, a moment ago刚才， yesterday昨天”等词。
(2) be 动词的过去式: am/is—was are—were
(3)过去式基本结构
肯定句(Positive) 动词过去式 I went shopping last night.
否定句(Negative) Didn’t + 动词原形 I didn’t go shopping last night.
一般疑问句(Yes/No) Did …+ 动词原形…? Did you go shopping last night?
特殊疑问句(wh-) What did…+ 动词原形…? What did you do last night?
(4)词过去式的变化：
规则动词的变化：
一般动词 +ed planted,watered,climbed
以不发音的e结尾 +d liked
辅音字母加y结尾 -y+ ied study—studied, cry- cried
重读闭音节单词，末尾只有一个辅音字母 双写最后一个字母+ed stop –stopped
plan - planned
不规则动词的变化：
原形 过去式 原形 过去式 原形 过去式 原形 过去式
sweep swept teach taught have had go went
keep kept think thought do did find found
sleep slept buy bought eat ate say said
feel felt drink drank is/am was take took
read read give gave are were mean meant
put put sing sang drive drove meet met
cut cut begin began speak spoke make made
let let ring rang write wrote see saw
fly flew run ran ride rode come came
draw drew sit sat hear heard tell told
grow grew learn learned/ learnt get got know knew
4.一般将来时
一般将来时表示将来打算做的事或将要发生的事情。常常与tomorrow, next Sunday等时间状语连用。
结构：be going to +动词原形或will +动词原形
例如：I’m going to visit my grandpa next week.
二、人称代词
主格 I we you he she it they
宾格 me us you him her it them
形容词性物主代词 my our your his her its their
名词性物主代词 mine ours yours his hers its theris
(注：介词，动词后面跟宾格。后面没有名词时用名词性物主代词。)
三、可数名词的复数形式
1.一般名词： + s a book –books
2.辅音字母加y结尾： - y+ ies a story—stories
3.以s, x，sh, ch ，结尾： + es a glass—glasses;a watch-watches
4.以f或fe结尾： - f 或fe 变为 ves a knife –knives a shelf-shelves
5.特殊的名词复数
man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice
child-children
foot-feet,.tooth-teeth
fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese
四、不可数名词(没有复数形式)
bread, rice, water, juice，milk，tea，coffee
五、缩略形式
I’m = I am you’re = you are she’s = she is he’s = he is /he has(got)
it’s = it is who’s =who is can’t =can not isn’t=is not didn’t=did not weren’t=were not wasn’t=was not let’s=let us I’ll=I will
六、a. an .the的用法
1.单词的第一读音是辅音读音：a book, a peach， a “U”
单词的第一个读音是元音读音：an egg， an hour， an “F”
2.the要注意的：球类前面不加the，乐器前面要加the，序数词前面要加the。
七、介词
1.表示方位：on, in ,in front of, between, next to, near, beside, at, behind.，under
2.表示时间：
(1)at : 几点前面用at如：at six o’clock, 没有day的节日前用at如 ：at Christmas, 固定词组 at the weekends ，at night
(2)on: 星期前用on 如：on Monday ，日期前用on 如：on the 15th of July 带有Day的节日前用on 如： on National Day
(3)in: 早晨，中午，晚上前用in：in the morning ，in the afternoon ，in the evening ，月份前用in ，如in December ，季节前用in ，如 winter
八、基数词变成序数词的方法
1. 直接在基数词词尾加上th。如：seventh第七，tenth 第十，thirteenth 第十三， 2.以y结尾的基数词，变y为i，再加上eth。如：twentieth 第二十。
3.不规则的。如：first 第一, second 第二， third 第三，fifth 第五， eighth 第八，ninth 第九，twelfth 第十二。
4.有两个或以上单词组成的基数词只改最后一个单词如twenty-first 第二十一。
九、some /any的用法
1.肯定句中用some：I have some toys in my bedroom.
2.问句和否定句中用ang：Do you have any brothers or sisters?
He hasn’t got any pencils in his pencil-case.
3.询问想要什么时用some：Would you like some juice?
Can I have some stamps?
十、 there be结构
1.肯定句(有…)： There is +单数或不可数名词
There are +复数
注：遵循就近原则，看靠there be最近的
2.一般疑问句(有…吗?):Is there …? Yes, there is./ No, there isn’t.
Are there…? Yes, there are. /No, there aren’t.
3.否定句(没有)： There isn’t …. There aren’t….
4.there be句型与have(has) 的区别：there be 表示在某地有某物(或人);have(has) 表示某人拥有某物。
十一、祈使句
Sit down please
Don’t sit down, please.
Let’s go to the park.
(注：祈使句中动词用原形)
十二、(情态)动词can, may, must, should, will 后面直接用动词原形。
1. I / He / She / They can sing. May I come in? I must go now.
2. You should be quiet in the library.
3. You’ll be good friends.
十三、形容词和副词的比较级
一、形容词的比较级
1、两个事物或人的比较用比较级，比较级后面一般带有单词than。比较级前面可以用more, a little 来修饰表示程度。。
2.形容词加er的规则：
⑴一般在词尾加er ;
⑵以字母e 结尾，加r ;
⑶以一个元音字母和一个辅音字母结尾，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加er ;
⑷以“辅音字母+y”结尾，先把y变i，再加er 。
3.不规则形容词比较级：
good-better, beautiful-more beautiful
二、副词的比较级
1.形容词与副词的区别 (有be用形，有形用be;有动用副，有副用动)
⑴在句子中形容词一般处于名词之前或be动词之后
⑵副词在句子中最常见的是处于实义动词之后
2.副词比较级的变化规则基本与形容词比较级相同 (不规则变化：well-better, far-farther)
十四、特殊疑问句
What
(问什么事,什么物或什么工作) What are you doing? I’m reading.
What is that? It’s a book.
What is she?(What’s her job?) She’s a nurse.
What colour(问颜色) What colour is your coat?It’s red.
What time(时间) What time is it?
What’s the time? It’s seven.
when
(什么时候) When do you get up? I get up at six thirty.
When is your birthday? It’s on the 21st of December.
Which(哪一个) Which is your watch, the yellow one or the white one? The yellow is mine.
Who(谁) Who is the man with a big nose? He’s my uncle.
Whose(谁的) Whose bag is it?
Whose is this bag? It’s his bag.
Where(哪里) Where is my ball pen? It’s under the book.
Why(为什么) Why do you like summer? I like summer because…
How many (多少) How many books are there in the school bag? There are four books in the school bag.
How old (几岁) How old is the young man? He’s nineteen.
How much(多少钱) How much is the toy bear? It’s eleven yuan.
How (怎么样) How do you go to school everyday? I go to school by car.
小学英语句型复习大汇总(62个常用句型)
句型1：There+be +主语+地点状语/ 时间状语
There’s a boat in the river. 河里有条船。
句型2：What’s wrong with+sb. / sth. ?
What’s wrong with your watch?你的手表有什么毛病?
句型3：How do you like...?
How do you like China?你觉得中国怎么样?
句型4：What do you like about...?
What do you like about China?你喜欢中国的什么?
句型5：had better(not)+动词原形
You’d better ask that policeman over there. 你最好去问问那边的那个警察。
句型6：How+adj. / adv. +主语+谓语!
What a/ an+adj. +n. +主语+谓语!
How cold it is today !今天多冷啊!
What a fine picture it is!多美的一幅图画呀!
句型7：Thank+sb. +for(doing)sth.
Thank you for coming to see me. 感谢你来看我。
句型8：So+be/ 情态动词/ 助动词+主语
He is a student. So am I. 他是一个学生，我也是。
句型9：... not ... until ...
He didn’t have supper until his parents came back. 直到他的父母回来他才吃饭。
句型10：比较级+and+比较级
The baby cried harder and harder. 那孩子哭得越来越厉害。
句型11：the +比较级，the +比较级
The more one has，the more one wants. 越有越贪。
句型12：... as +adj./ adv.+as ...
…not as(so) +adj. / adv. +as ...
Do you think that art is as important as music?你认为艺术和音乐一样重要吗?
Last Sunday the weather was not so wet as it is today. 上个星期天的天气不如今天的天气潮湿。
句型13：more/ less +adj.+than...
I think art is less important than music. 我认为艺术不如音乐重要。
句型14：stop…from doing sth.
The Great Green Wall will stop the wind from blowing the earth away. 绿色长城将阻挡风吹走土壤。
句型15：both ... and ...
Both you and I are students. 我和你都是学生。
句型16：either ... or...
Either you or he is wrong . 不是你错就是他错。
句型17：neither ... nor ...
Neither he nor I am a student. 我和他都不是学生。
句型18：... as soon as ...
As soon as I see him，I’ll give him the message. 我一见到他，我就把你的消息告诉他。
句型19：... so+adj. / adv.+that ...
I was so tired that I didn’t want to speak. 我累得连话也不想说了。
句型20：Though...+主句
Though I like writing to my pen-friend，it takes a lot of time. 虽然我喜欢给笔友写信，但它要耗费我大量时间。
句型21：be going to
This afternoon I’m going to buy a Qisu English book. 今天下午我要去买本奇速英语书。
句型22：be different from
I think this is different from Chinese names. 我认为这与汉语名字不同。
句型23：Welcome(back)to...
Welcome back to school!欢迎回到学校!
句型24：have fun doing
We’re going to have fun learning and speaking English this term. 这学期我们将兴味盎然地学习和讲英语。
句型25：... because ... / ...，so ...
I don’t know all your names because this is our first lesson. 因为这是我们的第一节课，所以我并不知道你们所有人的名字。
句型26：Why don’t you ... / Why not ...
Why don’t you come to school a little earlier?为什么不早点到校呢?
句型27：make it
Let’s make it half past nine. 让我们定在九点半吧!
句型28：have nothing to do
They have nothing to do every day. 他们每天无所事事。
句型29：be sure/ be sure of/ about sth. / be sure to do sb.
I think so, but I’m not sure. 我想是这样，但不敢确定。
I was not sure of / about the way，so I asked someone. 我对于怎么走没有把握，所以我问别人了。
句型30：between ... and ...
There is a shop between the hospital and the school. 在那家医院和那所学校之间有一家商店。
句型31：keep sb. / sth. +adj./ V-ing/ 介词补语/ adv.
You must keep your classroom clean. 你们必须保持教室干净。
Sorry to have kept you waiting. 对不起，让你久等。
Can you keep him in the room ?你能让他在这个房里吗?
Keep them here. 让他们在这儿呆着。
句型32：find +宾语+宾补
He finds it very hard to travel around the big city . 他发现要环游这个大城市是很难的。
句型33：... not ... anymore/ longer
The old man doesn’t travel any more. 这位老人不再旅行了。
He isn’t a thief any longer. 他不再是个贼。
句型34：What’s the weather like...?
What’s the weather like in spring in your hometown ?在你们家乡春天天气怎么样?
句型35：There is no time to do/ have no time to do
There was no time to think. 没有时间思考。
I have no time to go home for lunch. 我没有时间回家吃午饭。
句型36：Help oneself to...
Help yourself to some fish. 吃鱼吧!
句型37：used to do
I used to read this kind of story books. 我过去常读这种故事书。
句型38：borrow ... from
I borrowed a Qisu English book from him. 我从他那借了一本奇速英语书。
句型39：lend sb. sth. / lend sth. to sb.
He lent me a story book / He lent a story book to me. 他借了本故事书给我。
句型40：have been to
Have you ever been to Haw aii?你曾去过夏威夷吗?
句型41：have gone to
Where’s he?He’s gone to Washington. 他在哪儿?他去华盛顿了。
句型42：be famous for
Hawaii is famous for its beautiful beaches. 夏威夷以它美丽的海滩而出名。
句型43：No matter +疑问句+主句
No matter when you come，you are welcomed. 无论你们什么时候来，都受欢迎。
句型44：be afraid(of / todo / that...)
I’m afraid not. 恐怕不能。
Don’t be afraid of making mistakes when speaking English. 当说英语时不要害怕犯错误。
句型45：... as ... as possible / ... as ... as sb can
I hope to see him as soon as possible. 我希望能尽快见到他。
He ran here as fast as he could. 他尽最大努力跑到这儿。
句型46：practise / enjoy / finish doing
A young man practised speaking English with Mr Green. 一个年青人和格林先生练习说英语。
Tom enjoys playing football very much. 汤姆很喜欢踢足球。
He finished reading the story book. 他看完了那本故事书。
句型47：It’s said that ...
It’s said that one of the most dangerous sharks is the Great White Shark. 据说最危险的鲨鱼之一是大白鲨。
句型48：Not all / everyone ...
Not all sharks are alike. 并不是所有的鲨鱼都一样。
Not everyone likes dumplings. 并不是每个人都喜欢饺子。
句型49：be based on
His argument is based on facts. 他的论断是以事实为根据的。
句型50：... so that ...
Put the tree in the hole so that it is straight. 把树放入洞穴中，让它立直。
句型51：be+num. +metres / kilometres / years...+long / wide / deep / high / old...
The Great Green Wall is 7，000 kilometres long. 绿色长城长7000公里。
The river is about 2 metres deep. 这条河大约有2米深。
The boy is about 12 years old . 这个男孩约12岁。
句型52：keep ... from doing
The heavy rain kept us from starting out. 大雨阻止了我们出发。
句型53：with one’s help...
With Tom’s help，I’ve come to America to study further. 在汤姆的帮助下，我来美国深造。
句型54：I don’t think ...
I don’t think any of them is interesting. 我认为他们中任何一个都无趣。
句型55：What’s the population of ...?
What’s the population of Germany ?德国的人口有多少?
句型56：prefer to do … rather than do
They prefer to buy a new one rather than repair it. 他们更喜欢买一辆新车，而不愿去修理它。
句型57：be worth (doing) …
This book is worth reading. 这本书值得读。
句型58：regard … as
They regarded their pets as members of their families. 他们把宠物视为家庭成员。
句型59：be confident of
I’m confident of success. 我确信会成功。
句型60：seem to do / seem +adj. / (介词短语)
He seems to be angry. 他似乎生气了。
The house seems too noisy. 这房子似乎太吵了。
句型61：be angry with / about / at(doing)
We’re all very angry with ourselves. 我们都很生自己的气。
I was angry about his decision to build a factory here. 我很生气他决定把工厂建在这儿。
I was angry at being kept waiting. 这样一直等我很生气。
句型62：pay for / pay … for
He paid for the book and went away. 他付完书款便离开了。
I paid him ￡200 for the painting. 买这幅画我付了他200英镑。