核心交换机各项配置 Vlan划分、互访、ACL管控、链路聚合教程
交换机的主要功能包括物理编址、网络拓扑结构、错误校验、帧序列以及流控。交换机还具备了一些新的功能，如对VLAN(虚拟局域网)的支持、对链路汇聚的支持，甚至有的还具有防火墙的功能。这篇文章主要为大家介绍了核心交换机配置的方法，比如给核心交换机配置Vlan划分、互访、ACL管控、链路聚合等，需要的朋友可以参考下。
概念介绍
访问控制列表(Access Control List，ACL) 是路由器和交换机接口的指令列表，用来控制端口进出的数据包。ACL适用于所有的被路由协议，如IP、IPX、AppleTalk等。
链路聚合是将两个或更多数据信道结合成一个单个的信道，该信道以一个单个的更高带宽的逻辑链路出现。链路聚合一般用来连接一个或多个带宽需求大的设备，例如连接骨干网络的服务器或服务器群。
具体配置
#
!Software Version V200R001C00SPC300
sysname IT_ServerRoom #交换机名称#
#
vlan batch 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 99 to 100 #设置Vlan#
vlan batch 110
#
lacp priority 100 #链路聚合优先级设定#
#
undo http server enable
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undo nap slave enable
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dhcp enable #打开DHCP功能#
#
acl number 3001 #配置ACL访控#
rule 4 permit tcp source 0.0.0.0 192.168.21.11 destination-port eq 3389 #允许指定IP使用远程协助#
rule 5 permit tcp source 0.0.0.0 192.168.21.13 destination-port eq 3389
rule 6 permit tcp source 0.0.0.1 192.168.11.254 destination-port eq 3389
rule 7 permit tcp source 0.0.0.0 192.168.51.13 destination 0.0.0.0 192.168.11.10 destination-port eq 3389
rule 8 permit tcp source 0.0.0.0 192.168.81.31 destination 0.0.0.0 192.168.11.10 destination-port eq 3389
rule 9 permit tcp source 0.0.0.0 192.168.21.14 destination 0.0.0.0 192.168.11.12 destination-port eq 3389
rule 10 permit tcp source 0.0.0.3 192.168.21.12 destination-port eq telnet
rule 11 permit tcp source 0.0.0.1 192.168.11.254 destination-port eq telnet
rule 12 permit tcp source 0.0.0.0 192.168.21.250 destination 0.0.0.0 192.168.11.12 destination-port eq 3389
rule 100 deny tcp destination-port eq 3389 #关闭远程协助端口#
rule 105 deny tcp destination-port eq telnet #关闭Telnet端口#
#
ip pool 1 #设置IP地址池#
gateway-list 192.168.11.254 #设置网关#
network 192.168.11.0 mask 255.255.255.0 #子网掩码及IP区段#
excluded-ip-address 192.168.11.1 192.168.11.60 #DHCP分配时豁免的IP地址#
lease day 10 hour 0 minute 0 #IP地址有效时间#
dns-list 192.168.11.2 192.168.11.5 #DNS配置#
#
ip pool 2
gateway-list 192.168.21.254
network 192.168.21.0 mask 255.255.255.0
excluded-ip-address 192.168.21.1 192.168.21.60
lease day 10 hour 0 minute 0
dns-list 192.168.11.2 192.168.11.5
#
ip pool 3
gateway-list 192.168.31.254
network 192.168.31.0 mask 255.255.255.0
excluded-ip-address 192.168.31.1 192.168.31.60
lease day 10 hour 0 minute 0
dns-list 192.168.11.2 192.168.11.5
#
ip pool 4
gateway-list 192.168.41.254
network 192.168.41.0 mask 255.255.255.0
excluded-ip-address 192.168.41.1 192.168.41.60
lease day 10 hour 0 minute 0
dns-list 192.168.11.2 192.168.11.5
#
ip pool 5
gateway-list 192.168.51.254
network 192.168.51.0 mask 255.255.255.0
excluded-ip-address 192.168.51.1 192.168.51.60
lease day 10 hour 0 minute 0
dns-list 192.168.11.2 192.168.11.5
#
ip pool 6
gateway-list 192.168.61.254
network 192.168.61.0 mask 255.255.255.0
excluded-ip-address 192.168.61.1 192.168.61.60
lease day 10 hour 0 minute 0
dns-list 192.168.11.2 192.168.11.5
#
ip pool 7
gateway-list 192.168.71.254
network 192.168.71.0 mask 255.255.255.0
excluded-ip-address 192.168.71.1 192.168.71.60
lease day 10 hour 0 minute 0
dns-list 192.168.11.2 192.168.11.5
#
ip pool 8
gateway-list 192.168.81.254
network 192.168.81.0 mask 255.255.255.0
excluded-ip-address 192.168.81.1 192.168.81.60
lease day 10 hour 0 minute 0
dns-list 192.168.11.2 192.168.11.5
#
ip pool 9
gateway-list 192.168.91.254
network 192.168.91.0 mask 255.255.255.0
excluded-ip-address 192.168.91.1 192.168.91.60
lease day 10 hour 0 minute 0
dns-list 192.168.11.2 192.168.11.5
#
ip pool 10
gateway-list 192.168.101.254
network 192.168.101.0 mask 255.255.255.0
excluded-ip-address 192.168.101.1 192.168.101.60
lease day 10 hour 0 minute 0
dns-list 192.168.11.2 192.168.11.5
#
ip pool 11
gateway-list 192.168.111.254
network 192.168.111.0 mask 255.255.255.0
excluded-ip-address 192.168.111.1 192.168.111.60
lease day 10 hour 0 minute 0
dns-list 192.168.11.2 192.168.11.5
#
aaa
authentication-scheme default
authorization-scheme default
accounting-scheme default
domain default
domain default_admin
local-user admin password cipher %$%$O9hP7mbdf4Q#E\vU4j#wX3ypg%$%$@!@$
local-user admin service-type http
#
interface Vlanif1
ip address 192.168.66.254 255.255.255.0
#
interface Vlanif10 #实现Vlan间互访#
ip address 192.168.11.254 255.255.255.0
dhcp select global
#
interface Vlanif20
ip address 192.168.21.254 255.255.255.0
dhcp select global
#
interface Vlanif30
ip address 192.168.31.254 255.255.255.0
dhcp select global
#
interface Vlanif40
ip address 192.168.41.254 255.255.255.0
dhcp select global
#
interface Vlanif50
ip address 192.168.51.254 255.255.255.0
dhcp select global
#
interface Vlanif60
ip address 192.168.61.254 255.255.255.0
dhcp select global
#
interface Vlanif70
ip address 192.168.71.254 255.255.255.0
dhcp select global
#
interface Vlanif80
ip address 192.168.81.254 255.255.255.0
dhcp select global
#
interface Vlanif90
ip address 192.168.91.254 255.255.255.0
dhcp select global
#
interface Vlanif99
ip address 10.0.0.2 255.255.255.0
#
interface Vlanif100
ip address 192.168.101.254 255.255.255.0
dhcp select global
#
interface Vlanif110
ip address 192.168.111.254 255.255.255.0
dhcp select global
#
interface MEth0/0/1
ip address 192.168.88.1 255.255.255.0
#
interface Eth-Trunk1 #链路聚合设置#
port link-type trunk #链路聚合后的模式#
port trunk allow-pass vlan 2 to 4094 #允许通过的Vlan标签#
mode lacp-static #链路聚合模式#
max active-linknumber 2 #最大在线端口#
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 #各端口配置#
port link-type access
port default vlan 10
loopback-detect enable #环路检测#
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
port link-type access
port default vlan 10
loopback-detect enable
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/3
port link-type access
port default vlan 10
loopback-detect enable
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/4
port link-type access
port default vlan 10
loopback-detect enable
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/5
port link-type access
port default vlan 110
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/6
port link-type access
port default vlan 110
loopback-detect enable
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/7
port link-type access
port default vlan 100
loopback-detect enable
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/8
port link-type access
port default vlan 100
loopback-detect enable
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/9
port link-type access
port default vlan 90
loopback-detect enable
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/10
port link-type access
port default vlan 90
loopback-detect enable
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/11
port link-type access
port default vlan 60
loopback-detect enable
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/12
port link-type access
port default vlan 60
loopback-detect enable
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/13
port link-type access
port default vlan 70
loopback-detect enable
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/14
loopback-detect enable
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/15
loopback-detect enable
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/16
loopback-detect enable
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/17 #链路聚合端口配置1#
eth-trunk 1
lacp priority 100 #高优先级#
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/18 #链路聚合端口配置2#
eth-trunk 1
lacp priority 100
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/19 #链路聚合端口配置3#
eth-trunk 1 #备用链路，2用1备#
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/20
loopback-detect enable
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/21
port link-type trunk
port trunk allow-pass vlan 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
port trunk allow-pass vlan 110
loopback-detect enable
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/22
port link-type trunk
port trunk allow-pass vlan 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
port trunk allow-pass vlan 110
loopback-detect enable
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/23 #连接防火墙配置#
port link-type access
port default vlan 99
loopback-detect enable
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/24
port link-type access
port default vlan 99
loopback-detect enable
#
interface NULL0
#
arp static 192.168.81.13 7427-ea35-eedf
#
ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.0.0.1 #静态路由#
ip route-static 192.168.10.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.71.1
ip route-static 192.168.12.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.71.2
ip route-static 192.168.118.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.111.1
#
traffic-filter inbound acl 3001 #全局启用ACL管控#
#
snmp-agent #利用Cacti监控192.168.11.151，配置SNMP#
snmp-agent local-engineid 800007DB037054F5DFC580
snmp-agent community read cipher %$%$@(=VHL9T2A-VkMN9{/I'MJ\SJ%$%$
snmp-agent sys-info version all
snmp-agent group v3 public
snmp-agent target-host trap address udp-domain 192.168.11.151 params securityname public
#
user-interface con 0 #console口密码#
authentication-mode password
set authentication password cipher %$%$Q]]8BRT8^WMuCf9~]%QX~@7.\~)c#$!;K>.194{FaqXM&$F=8%$%$@#
user-interface vty 0 4 #Telnet密码#
authentication-mode password
user privilege level 3
set authentication password cipher %$%$%'cJU]0{$8$:m91'RKYxGYsja6iDE%48L>!hl'$Av[8vK6ypk%$%$@#$#
user-interface vty 16 20
#
相关阅读：交换机硬件故障常见问题
电源故障：
由于外部供电不稳定，或者电源线路老化或者雷击等原因导致电源损坏或者风扇停止，从而不能正常工作。
由于电源缘故而导致机内其他部件损坏的事情也经常发生。
如果面板上的POWER指示灯是绿色的，就表示是正常的;如果该指示灯灭了，则说明交换机没有正常供电。
这类问题很容易发现，也很容易解决，同时也是最容易预防的。
针对这类故障，首先应该做好外部电源的供应工作，一般通过引入独立的电力线来提供独立的电源，并添加稳压器来避免瞬间高压或低压现象。
如果条件允许，可以添加UPS(不间断电源)来保证交换机的正常供电，有的UPS提供稳压功能，而有的没有，选择时要注意。
在机房内设置专业的避雷措施，来避免雷电对交换机的伤害。现在有很多做避雷工程的专业公司，实施网络布线时可以考虑。
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