英语中什么是非谓语动词
英语中什么是非谓语动词
非谓语动词是指在句子中不是谓语的动词，主要包括不定式、动名词和分词(现在分词和过去分词)，即动词的非谓语形式。非谓语动词除了不能独立作谓语外，可以充当主语、宾语、状语等。
典型习题
1.The Olympic Games, ______ in 776 B.C,did’t include women players until 1919.
A.first playing B.to be first played C.first played D.to be first playing
析：根据题干，必须选表示被动的选项，故排除A、D;因B选项表“将要被举行”意，不合题干之用，只有C选项(相当于which was first played)才合用。
2.European football is played in 80 countries, ______ it the most popular sport in the world.
A.making B.makes C.made D.to make
析：B、C是谓语动词，在此不可用。D项to make或表目的，或表“将要使得”，这都不合题干情景。只有A.making,可作状语，表结果。再举一现在分词作结果状语例：
The bus was held up by the snowstorm,causing the delay.公共汽车被大风雪所阻，因而耽误了。
3.Little Jim should love ______ to the theater this evening.
A.to be taken B.to take C.being taken D.taking
析：根据this evening,应选表示将来义的选项，C、D应排除。Take后无宾语，必然要用被动式，故答案为A。
4.John was made ______ the truck for a week as a punishment.
A.to wash B.washing C.wash D.to be washing
析：根据be made to do sth.句式，可定答案为A。
5.The patient was warned ______ oily food after the operation.
A.to eat not B.eating not C.not to eat D.not eating
析：根据warn sb.(not)to do sth.句式，可排除B、D两项;又根据非谓语动词的否定式not总是在首位的规律，又可排除A，而定C。
6.——I usually go there by train. ——Why not ______ by boat for a change?
A.to try going B.trying to go C.to try and go D.try going
析：此题可根据why not后直接跟原形动词规律而一举确定正确答案为D。若将B项改为try to go，则要根据其与try going意义之别来确定答案。依据题干对话内容，乙方是建议甲方尝试乘船变变花样，所以答案仍为D。
7.______ a reply,he decided to write again.
A.Not receiving B.Receiving not C.Not having received D.Having not received
析：非谓语动词的否定式not应置于首位，B、D皆为错误形式。A项不能表达先于decided的动作，只有选C项才表没收到信在先，决定再写信在后，所以C为正确答案。
8.Charles Babbage is generally considered ______ the first computer.
A.to invent B.inventing C.to have invented D.having mvented
析：consider表“考虑”意时，其后动词用doing形式，此处不表“考虑”，而表“认为”，这时consider后作宾语补足语或主语补足语多为to do,to have done,to be等形式。据此可排除B、D两个选项。又因A表“要发明”意，不合题用，只有C表“发明了”意，才合题用，故选C。
9.Most of the artists ______ to the party were from South Africa.
A.invited B.to invite C.being invited D.had been invited
析：“被邀请参加晚会”，应选表被动意的选项，B不可用。D项少引导词who，也应排除。又因短暂动词的现在分词被动式不可作定语，C也应排除，只有A.invited(=who were invited)才是正确答案。
10.The murderer was brought in,with his hands ______ behind his back.
A.being tied B.having tied C.to be tired D.tied
析：B表主动意，应排除。C表“将要被捆绑”，A表“正在被捆绑”都不合题意，只有D项填入空白才能表达“双手被反绑着”这一意思，符合题干情景。再看一类似例句： He came in,(with)his head held high.他昂首走了进来。