there be在英语中的特殊用法

there be在英语中的特殊用法

　　考生在英语学习和高考英语复习中会经常碰到有关there be结构的句子和题目,尤其是高考阅读篇目中的一些长、难句,以及短文改错,书面表达等题目中常有考点出现。下面是小编整理的一些关于there be在英语中的特殊用法， 希望对大家有帮助。

　　there be 在英语中的特殊用法

　　1.There be+主语+ doing，其中主语与现在分词存在逻辑上的主谓关系，表示动作正在进行或现在、过去的状态

　　例如：At one time , there were long queues of people waiting outside the CAAC office .

　　曾经人们在中国民航售票处排队等候。There were so many people in the street watching the fire that firefighters couldn’t get close to the building .街上观火的人太多，消防队员无法靠近大楼。

　　2. There be+主语+ done, 其中过去分词与主语存在逻辑上的动宾关系且表示被动意义

　　例如：There were lots of good English language programmers broadcast on TV or on the air in China.有许多很好的英语节目在中国的广播电台或电视台播出。There are also gymnastics performed in China and some other Asian countries . 中国及亚洲其它国家也进行体操表演。

　　3. There be+主语+ to do / to be done ,其中不定式与主语通常有逻辑上的动宾关系或主谓关系，不定式表示尚未发生或将要发生的动作

　　例如：There are a few simple safe measures to follow / to be followed while training . 有一些简单的安全措施，供训练时遵照执行。I hope there will be more people to attend the conference .我希望有更多的人来参加会议。如果强调不定式的动作被别人做时可以用不定式的被动式。例如：There were lots of materials to be sent to the government office next week .有许多材料在下周要送到政府办公室去。

　　二、there be 结构的非谓语形式

　　There be 结构为非谓语形式时，be可以是不定式(to be)或(being)，there 作逻辑主语。非谓语形式的there to be 和there being 结构可用作主语、宾语、或状语。例如：There being a bus stop near the village is a great advantage .村庄旁边有个汽车站，真是方便极了。(作主语)

　　We expect there to be no argument .我们希望不再出现争吵。(作宾语)There being no buses , we had to walk home .由于没有公共汽车了，我们只好步行回家。(做状语)There not being any water to drink , he fell rather thirsty .因为没有水喝，他感到很渴。(做状语)那么，什么时候用there to be,什么时候用there being呢?

　　1.做主语

　　(1) 有for引导，则用there to be

　　It’s a great pity for there to be much trouble in the class. 太遗憾了，这个班上有多方面的麻烦。 It is common for there to be problems of communication between teachers and students. 老师与学生人之间存在着沟通问题是很常见的。

　　(2) 没有for引导，则用there being

　　There being a public bus service is a great convenience to people. 公交车对人们十分方便。

　　The prison is heavily guarded. There being no hope of escape is certain.

　　2.做动词的宾语

　　(1)跟动名词的动词后用there being。常见的动词有：deny, appreciate, mind, imagine, admit等。

　　(2)跟不定式的动词后用there to be。常见的动词有：want, expect, wish, like , hate, would like, prefer, mean, intend等。She denied there being any misunderstanding between them.她否认他们之间有任何误会。　Teachers don’t want there to be any students lagging behind. 老师不希望有任何学生掉队。They hate there to be long queues everywhere. 他们不愿意处处都要排长队。

　　3.做作状语

　　(1)作独立主格结构，用there being.There being nothing else to do, they went home.没有别的事做，他们回家了。There being nobody else to help me, I had to do by myself.由于没有人帮我，我只得单干了

　　(2)但若置于介词for之后，则用there to be，整个介词短语作程度状语。It was too late for there to be any buses. 太晚了，不会有公共汽车了。It is enough for there to be five minutes. 五分钟就足够了

　　There be句型的几种特殊用法

　　1.There be结构中，be前还可以带其他动词的被动式

　　There is said to be…据说有……

　　There is thought to be…据认为有……

　　There is believed to be…据相信有……

　　E.g. There is said to be oil under the North Sea.

　　There is believed to be some chances to succeed.

　　There is expected to be a boxing game on Sunday morning.

　　2.There be结构的非谓语形式有两个，一个是不定式的复合结构there to be;另一个是动名词的复合结构和独立主格结构there being

　　(1).在介词for之后，常跟there to be,在其他介词后，则常跟there being。

　　E.g. He was not satisfied with there being so little captial(资金) to use.

　　(2).there to be和there being都可以做某些动词的宾语，其区别在于：一般用不定式做宾语的动词多与there to be搭配;一般用V-ing做宾语的动词则用there being。

　　E.g. Would you like there to be a meeting to discuss the problem?

　　Can you imagine there being much difficulty in living in desert?

　　(3).there to be和there being都可做主语，但there to be之前要与for搭配，这种情况多见于it做形式主语的结构中。

　　E.g. It’s too early for there to be anyone around here.

　　It is impossible for there to be any more.

　　There being so good a teacher to guide you in every way is really a good advantage.

　　(4).在句首做状语表示原因、条件时，用there being。若动作发生在谓语动词之前，则使用其完成式there having been。

　　E.g. There being so much to do, he had to stay up.

　　There having been no buses, we had to walk home.

　　There being nothing else to do, we went home.

　　3.There be中间可以加入一些词，如be certain to, be sure, appear to, seem to, used to, have to等等

　　e.g. There used to be a cinema here before the war.

　　There doesn’t seem to have been any difficulty over the money question.

　　There appeared to be a war between his heart and his head.

　　There had to be a safe way.

　　There is sure to be a restaurant nearby.

　　There is thought to be an important change in their interview.