初中英语情态动词的用法归纳
情态动词可以说是初中英语的必考内容之一，通常情况下情态动词会在完形填空、阅读理解中出现，当然，作文里大家也会适当运用情态动词，那么，什么是情态动词，情态动词又该怎么运用呢，下面就来具体了解一下。
初中英语情态动词的用法归纳
定义
情态动词表示说话人对某一动作或状态的态度，表示“可能”，“可以”，“需要”，“必须”，“应当”等意思。情态动词没有人称和数的变化，后面的动词要用原形。
情态动词的种类：
初中英语情态动词的用法归纳,情态动词用法有哪些
情态动词的常见用法：
1.can和could的用法
(1)can/could 表示“能力;许可;可能性”等。could 为 can 的过去式。如：Can I use your book?我可以用你的书吗?
(2)can 用在疑问句中，表示征求意见、请求许可，答语仍用 can; could 用在疑问句中，比can 更委婉、客气，是一种礼貌的说法，并不表示过去时态，答语用can，而不能用could。
Eg: -Could you tell me the way to the park?你能告诉我去公园的路吗?
-Sorry. I can't. I'm new here。不好意思，我不知道。我是新来的。
[注意]
①can 和could 只能用于现在时和过去时两种时态。
②另外， can't 可表示否定推测。
2.may和might的用法
may/might 意为“可以”，表示同意、许可或请求对方许可，也可表示祝愿。
might 是may 的过去式，有两种用法：一种表示过去式;一种表示虚拟语气，使语气更加委婉、客气，或表示可能性更小。
以may开头的一般疑问句，其否定回答用mustn't。
Eg: MayI use your book? 我可以用你用的书吗?
He might be alive. 他可能还活着。
【注意】
can和may都可以用来表示请求或允许，但may比can更正式，更客气。
3.must和should
(1)must意为“必须，应当”，含有一种命令的语气，比较生硬，不容商量。否定形式mustn't, 表示“不得”，“一定不要”。如：
Eg:You mustn't drive after drinking。你绝不能酒后驾车。
①must 与 have to 的区别： must 表示说话人的主观意愿;have to 表示客观需要。
②回答由must 引导的疑问句:
肯定回答：Yes, …must. 如：
-Must I go home now?
-Yes, you must.
否定回答：No，…needn't./No，…don't/doesn't have to.
Eg：-Must I go home now?
-No, you needn't. 。
③must 表示对事物的推测，意为“想必;一定”，只用于肯定句中;表“推测”时，情态动词与动词原形，(常为be动词)连用，
如：The man must be your teacher。那个人一定是你的老师。
(2)should意为“应当，应该”，表示建议或劝告，语气比较委婉，客气。否定形式为shouldn’t。
Eg: You should get up early.
You shouldn't eat too much sugar.
4.will和would
1）用于疑问句，表示说话人向对方提出请求或询问，用would比will更委婉，更客气。
如：Will you please open the window？
Would you like some coffee?
2） would表示建议“你愿意…吗”
-Would you like to go shopping with me?
-Yes, I’d love to. /I’d love to. But I’m busy now.
[注意区别]
①I’d like+n. … 我想要…(接名词)
如：I’d like some water.
②I’d like to + v. … 我想要做…(接动词原形)
如：I’d like to go with Tom.
5、shall用于第一人称 (I, we), 可以表示“将”和表示建议 “……好吗?”
eg： ①Where shall we have dinner?
②-Shall we go fishing? -
- All right. \OK. \Good idea.
情态动词的实际运用
一、考查can的用法
a.考查can表示能力的用法。
在这一用法中,can表示能力,意思是"能,会",其否定式can't表示"不能"。在过去时中用could和couldn't。例如:
1.-Where's Mr Lee? I have something unusual to tell him.
-You________find him. He________Japan. (2003黑龙江)
A. may not; has gone to B. may not; has been to
C. can't; has gone to D. can't; has been to
2.-Finish drawing a horse in ten minutes. OK?
-Sorry. It________in such a short time. (2003山东威海)
A. may do B. can't be done
C. must do D. needn't be done
3. I have my own room in my house, so I________do what I want in it. (2002江西)
A. must B. have to C. need to D. can
4.________you mend my car? I______not start it. (2002常德市)
A. Would; would B. Must; must C. Can; can D. May; may
5.________she ride when she was three years old?( 2002长沙市)
A. Can B. Could C. Need D. May
6. The boy________answer this kind of hard questions one year ago.(2002四川省)
A. can B. may C. could
b.考查can表示推测的用法。
在这一用法中,can意为"可能",表示客观可能性,常常用于疑问句和否定句中。例如:
7. Who is the man over there? Is it Mr Li?
-No, it________be him. Mr Li is much taller. (2003河北)
A. mustn't B. may not C. can't D. needn't
8. -Listen! Someone is singing in the next room. Who________it be? Is it Wei Fang?
-No. It________be her. She is at school now. (2002重庆市)
A. will; may not B. must; mustn't C. may; can't D. may; won't
9. -Is Mr Hu in the reading room?
-No, he________be there. He has gone to Tianjin. (2002新疆)
A. mustn't B. needn't C. won't D. can't
10. Class 3 won the football match! ________it be true?(2002广东)
A. May B. Must C. Will D. Can
c.考查can / could表示请求许可的用法?
在这一用法中,can和could都表示现在,用could比用can语气更加委婉客气,常用Could I / you...?句式,表示"我/你能……吗?"
若表示同意要用can,不用could?例如:
11.-Could I look at your pictures?
-Yes, of course you________. (2003武汉)
A. could B. can C. will D. might
12.________you pass me a pen? I'd like to write down the telephone number. (2002北京市海淀区)
A. Need B. Could C. Must D. Should
参考答案：1. C 2. B 3. D 4. C 5. B 6. C7. C 8. C 9. D 10. D
二、考查may的用法
a.考查may表示请求许可的用法
在这一用法中,may表示许可或征询对方许可,表示"可以"的意思,常常与第一人称I连用,构成May I...?句式,表示"我可以……吗?"肯定回答用Yes, you may.; Yes, please.等;否定回答用No, you can't.或No, you mustn't.,不用No, you may not.?例如:
25. -________I have your name, please?
-Yes, Michael. M-I-C-H-A-E-L. (2002北京市东城区)
A. Must B. Will C. May D. Need
26. -May I go to the cinema, dad?
-No, you________. You must finish your homework first. (2002浙江金华市)
A. mustn't B. won't C. don't D. needn't
27. -May I smoke here?
-________, you________. It can be dangerous. (2002滨州市)
A. Yes; can B. No; can't
C. Yes; may D. No, needn't
②测试may表示可能性的用法。
在这一用法中,may表示可能性,意思是"也许","可能",通常用于肯定句中。例如:
28. You________go and ask Meimei. She________know the answer. (2003天津)
A. must; can B. must; may
C. need; can D. can; may
29. Look out! The knife is very sharp. You________cut your finger. (2002宁夏)
A. need B. must C. should D. may
参考答案：25. C 26. A 27. B
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