英语状语的语法归纳

　　英语中的状语是用来修饰动词、形容词或副词等词的，那么你掌握了状语的语法知识吗?下面由学习啦小编为大家整理的状语的语法知识，希望大家喜欢!

　　状语的语法知识归纳

　　状语(adverbial)是句子的重要修饰成分。状语是谓语里的另一个附加成分，它附加在谓语中心语的后面，从情况、时间、处所、方式、条件、对象、肯定、否定、范围和程度等方面对谓语中心进行修饰或限制。

　　一、副词作状语

　　Don't drive so fast.

　　别开得这么快。

　　二、介词短语作地点状语

　　We live in Hangzhou.

　　我们住在杭州。

　　三、名词作状语

　　The meeting lasted an hour.

　　会议开了一个小时。

　　状语从句的种类

　　1. 时间状语从句

　　常用引导词：when, as, while, as soon as, before, after, since , till, until

　　特殊引导词：the minute, the moment, the second, every time, the day，the instant, immediately , directly, no sooner „ than, hardly „when, scarcely „ when

　　I didn’t realize how special my mother was until I became an adult.

　　While John was watching TV, his wife was cooking.

　　The children ran away from the orchard(果园), the moment they saw the guard.

　　2. 地点状语从句

　　常用引导词：where

　　特殊引导词：wherever, anywhere, everywhere

　　Generally, air will be heavily polluted where there are factories.

　　Wherever you go, you should work hard.

　　地点状语从句一般由连接副词where, wherever等引导，已经形成了固定的句型，例如：

　　句型1：Where+地点从句，(there)+主句。

　　3. 原因状语从句

　　常用引导词：because, since, as, for

　　特殊引导词：seeing that, now that, in that, considering that, given that.

　　My friends dislike me because I’m handsome and successful.

　　Now that everybody has come, let’s begin our conference.

　　The higher income tax is harmful in that it may discourage people from trying to earn more.

　　4. 目的状语从句

　　常用引导词：so that, in order that

　　特殊引导词：lest, in case, for fear that，in the hope that, for the purpose that, to the end that

　　The boss asked the secretary to hurry up with the letters so that he could sign them. The teacher raised his voice on purpose that the students in the back could hear more clearly.

　　5. 结果状语从句

　　常用引导词：so „ that, such „ that,

　　特殊引导词：such that, to the degree that, to the extent that, to such a degree that,

　　He got up so early that he caught the first bus.

　　It’s such a good chance that we must not miss it.

　　To such a degree was he excited that he couldn’t sleep last night.

　　6. 条件状语从句

　　常用引导词：if, unless,

　　特殊引导词：as/so long as, only if, providing/provided that, supposing that, in case that, on condition that

　　We’ll start our project if the president agrees.

　　You will certainly succeed so long as you keep on trying.

　　Provided that there is no opposition, we shall hold the meeting here.

　　7. 让步状语从句

　　常用引导词：though, although, even if, even though

　　特殊引导词： as(用在让步状语从句中必须要倒装)，while ( 一般用在句首 )，no matter „， in spite of the fact that, while, whatever, whoever, wherever, whenever, however, whichever

　　Much as I respect him, I can’t agree to his proposal.

　　尽管我很尊敬他， 我却不同意他的建议。

　　The old man always enjoys swimming even though the weather is rough.

　　No matter how hard he tried, she could not change her mind.

　　He won’t listen whatever you may say.

　　8. 比较状语从句

　　常用引导词：as(同级比较), than(不同程度的比较)

　　特殊引导词：the more „ the more „ ; just as „， so„; A is to B what /as X is to Y; no „ more than; not A so much as B

　　She is as bad-tempered as her mother.

　　The house is three times as big as ours.

　　The more you exercise, the healthier you will be.

　　Food is to men what oil is to machine. 食物之于人，犹如油之于机器。

　　9. 方式状语从句

　　常用引导词：as, as if, how

　　特殊引导词：the way

　　When in Rome, do as the Roman do.

　　She behaved as if she were the boss.

　　Sometimes we teach our children the way our parents have taught us.

　　状语的排列顺序

　　在句首时，依次为：时间状语-地点状语-频度副词作状语

　　在句末时，依次为：方式状语-频度副词作状语-地点状语-时间状语